Schedule 3 Identity and purity

Note 1 This instrument is a standard under the Food Standards Australia New Zealand Act 1991 (Cth). The standards together make up the Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code. See also section 1.1.1—3.

 Standard 1.1.1 relates to introductory matters and standards that apply to all foods. Section 1.1.1—15 and S26 require certain substances to comply with relevant specifications. This Standard sets out the relevant specifications.

Note 2 The provisions of the Code that apply in New Zealand are incorporated in, or adopted under, the Food Act 2014 (NZ). See also section 1.1.1—3.

S3—1 Name

  This Standard is Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code – Schedule 3 – Identity and purity.

 Note Commencement:
This Standard commences on 1 March 2016, being the date specified as the commencement date in notices in the Gazette and the New Zealand Gazette under section 92 of the Food Standards Australia New Zealand Act 1991 (Cth). See also section 93 of that Act.

S3—2 Substances with specifications in primary sources

 (1) For subsection 1.1.1—15(2), the specifications are:

 (a) any relevant provision listed in the table to subsection (2); or

 (b) Combined Compendium of Food Additive Specifications, FAO JECFA Monographs 1 (2005), Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations, Rome, as superseded by specifications published in any of the following:

 (i) FAO JECFA Monographs 3 (2006);

 (ii) FAO JECFA Monographs 4 (2007);

 (iii) FAO JECFA Monographs 5 (2008);

 (iv) FAO JECFA Monographs 7 (2009);

 (v) FAO JECFA Monographs 10 (2010);

 (vi) FAO JECFA Monographs 11 (2011);

 (vii) FAO JECFA Monographs 13 (2012);

 (viii) FAO JECFA Monographs 14 (2013);

 (ix) FAO JECFA Monographs 16 (2014);

 (x)  FAO JECFA Monographs 17 (2015);

 (xi) FAO JECFA Monographs 19 (2016);

(xii)     FAO JECFA Monographs 20 (2017);

(xiii)    FAO JECFA Monographs 22 (2018);

(xiv)    FAO JECFA Monographs 23 (2019); or

 (c)      United States Pharmacopeial Convention (2020) Food chemicals codex. 12th ed, United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, MD; or

 (d) Commission Regulation (EU) No 231/2012 of 9 March 2012 laying down specifications for food additives.

 (2) The table to this subsection is:

Relevant provisions

S3—3 Substances with specifications in secondary sources

  If there is no relevant specification under section S3—2, the specification is a specification listed in one of the following:

 (a) British Pharmacopoeia Commission (2014) British Pharmacopoeia 2014. TSO, Norwich;

 (b) United States Pharmacopeial Convention (2020) United States Pharmacopeia (43) and the National Formulary (38), (USP 43-NF 38). United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, MD;

 (c) Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. Lund W (1994) Pharmaceutical codex: principles and practice of pharmaceutics, 12th ed, Pharmaceutical Press, London;

 (d) Sweetman SC (2011) Martindale: the complete drug reference. 37th ed, Pharmaceutical Press, London;

 (e) the European Pharmacopoeia 8th Edition, Council of Europe, Strasbourg (2014);

 (f) the International Pharmacopoeia 4th Edition, World Health Organization, Geneva (2006 and 2008 supplement);

 (g) the Merck Index, 15th Edition, (2013);

 (h) the Code of Federal Regulations;

 (i) the Specifications and Standards for Food Additives, 9th Edition (2018)’, Ministry of Health and Welfare (Japan); or

 (j) the International Oenological Codex (2018), Organisation Internationale de la Vigne et du Vin (OIV).

S3—4 Additional and supplementary requirements

  If there is no relevant specification under section S3—2 or S3—3, or if the monographs referred to in those sections do not contain a specification for identity and purity of a substance relating to arsenic or heavy metals, the specification is that the substance must not contain on a dry weight basis more than:

 (a) 2 mg/kg of lead; or

 (b) 1 mg/kg of arsenic; or

 (c) 1 mg/kg of cadmium; or

 (d) 1 mg/kg of mercury.

S3—5 Specifications for advantame

  For advantame, the specifications are:

 (a) purity, using the analytical methodology indicated:

 (i) assay:

 (A) specification—not less than 97.0% and not more than 102.0% on anhydrous basis; and

 (B) analytical methodology—high pressure liquid chromatography; and

 (ii) specific rotation [α] 20 D:

 (A) specification—between -45° and -38°; and

 (B) analytical methodology—Japanese Pharmacopeia; and

 (iii) advantame-acid:

 (A) specification—not more than 1.0%; and

 (B) analytical methodology—HPLC; and

 (iv) total other related substances:

 (A) specification—not more than 1.5%; and

 (B) analytical methodology—HPLC; and

 (v) water:

 (A) specification—not more than 5.0%; and

 (B) analytical methodology—Karl Fischer coulometric titration; and

 (vi) residue on ignition:

 (A) specification—no more than 0.2%; and

 (B) analytical methodology—Japanese Pharmacopeia; and

 (b) residual solvents, using gas chromatography:

 (i) methyl acetate—no more than 500 mg/kg; and

 (ii) isopropyl acetate—no more than 2 000 mg/kg; and

 (iii) methanol—no more than 500 mg/kg; and

 (iv) 2-Propanol—no more than 500 mg/kg.

S3—6 Specification for amine agarose ion exchange resin

 (1) This specification relates to agarose, cross-linked and alkylated with epichlorohydrin and propylene oxide, then derivatised with tertiary amine groups whereby the amount of epichlorohydrin plus propylene oxide does not exceed 250% by weight of the starting amount of agarose.

 (2) When subjected to the extraction regime listed in the 21 CFR § 173.25(c)(4), but using dilute hydrochloric acid at pH 2 in place of 5% acetic acid, the ion exchange resins shall result in no more than 25 ppm of organic extractives.

S3—7 Specification for bentonite

  Bentonite must comply with a monograph specification in section S3—2 or section S3—3, except that the pH determination for a bentonite dispersion must be no less than 4.5 and no more than 10.5.

S3—8 Specification for bromo-chloro-dimethylhydantoin

 (1) In this section:

bromo-chloro-dimethylhydantoin (CAS Number: 126-06-7) is the chemical with:

 (a) the formula C5H6BrClN2O2; and

 (b) the formula weight 241.5.

 (2) For bromo-chloro-dimethylhydantoin, the chemical specifications are the following:

 (a) appearance—solid or free flowing granules;

 (b) colour—white:

 (c) odour—faint halogenous odour;

 (d) melting point—163–164ºC;

 (e) specific gravity—1.8–2;

 (f) solubility in water—0.2 g/100 g at 25ºC;

 (g) stability—stable when dry and uncontaminated.

 (3) Bromo-chloro-dimethylhydantoin must be manufactured in accordance with the following process:

 (a) solid dimethylhydantoin (DMH) must be dissolved in water with bromine and chlorine;

 (b) the reaction must be 0.5 mole bromine and 1.5 mole chlorine for one mole DMH;

 (c) during the reaction the pH must be kept basic by the addition of caustic soda;

 (d) the wet product must be transferred to a drier where it is dried to a powder at low temperature;

 (e) the powder may then be tableted or granulated.

 (4) Bromo-chloro-dimethylhydantoin may be assayed in accordance with various analytical methods, including GLC, HPLC, UV and NMR.

 Note HPLC offers the best sensitivity.

S3—9 Specification for carboxymethyl cellulose ion exchange resin

 (1) This specification relates to regenerated cellulose that has been cross-linked and alkylated with epichlorohydrin and propylene oxide, then derivatised with carboxymethyl groups, as a result of which the amount of epichlorohydrin plus propylene oxide is no more than 70% by weight of the starting amount of cellulose.

 (2) When subjected to the extraction regime listed in the 21 CFR § 173.25(c)(4), but using dilute hydrochloric acid at pH 2 in place of 5% acetic acid, the ion exchange resins shall result in no more than 25 ppm of organic extractives.

S3—10 Specification for dibromo-dimethylhydantoin

 (1) In this section:

dibromo-dimethylhydantoin means the chemical with CAS Number 77-48-5 and formula C5H6Br2N2O2.

 (2) For dibromo-dimethylhydantoin, the specifications (which relate to purity) are the following:

 (a) dibromo-dimethylhydantoin—no less than 97%;

 (b) sodium bromide—no more than 2%;

 (c) water—no more than 1%.

S3—11 Specification for diethyl aminoethyl cellulose ion exchange resin

 (1) This specification relates to:

 (a) regenerated cellulose, cross-linked and alkylated with epichlorohydrin and propylene oxide, then derivatised with tertiary amine groups whereby the amount of epichlorohydrin plus propylene oxide is no more than 70% by weight of the starting amount of cellulose; and

 (b) regenerated cellulose, cross-linked and alkylated with epichlorohydrin then derivatised with tertiary amine groups whereby the amount of epichlorohydrin is no more than 10% by weight of the starting amount of cellulose.

 (2) When subjected to the extraction regime listed in the 21 CFR § 173.25(c)(4), but using dilute hydrochloric acid at pH 2 in place of 5% acetic acid, the ion exchange resins shall result in no more than 25 ppm of organic extractives.

S3—12 Specification for dimethyl ether

  For dimethyl ether, the specifications are the following:

 (a) purity—minimum of 99.8%;

 (b) methanol—not greater than 200 mg/kg.

S3—13 Specification for dried marine micro-algae (Schizochytrium sp.) rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

  For docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-rich dried marine micro-algae (Schizochytrium sp.), the specifications are the following:

 (a) full chemical name—4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3 DHA);

 (b) solids (%)—minimum 95.0;

 (c) DHA (%)—minimum 15.0;

 (d) lead (mg/kg)—maximum 0.5;

 (e) arsenic (mg/kg)—maximum 0.5.

S3—14 Specification for ice structuring protein type III HPLC 12 preparation

 (1) In this section:

ice structuring protein type III HPLC 12 preparation means the protein excreted from the fermentation of a genetically modified yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) to which a synthetic gene encoding for the protein has been inserted into the yeast’s genome.

 (2) For ice structuring protein type III HPLC 12 preparation, the specifications are the following:

 (a) assay—not less than 5 g/L active ice structuring protein type III HPLC 12;

 (b) pH—3.0+/-0.5;

 (c) ash—not more than 2%;

 (d) appearance—light brown aqueous preparation;

 (e) heavy metals—not more than 2 mg/L;

 (f) microbial limits:

 (i) total microbial count—<3 000/g; and

 (ii) coliforms—<10/g; and

 (iii) yeast and mould count—<100/g; and

 (iv) listeria sp.—absent in 25 g; and

 (v) salmonella sp.—absent in 25 g; and

 (vi) bacillus cereus—<100/g.

S3—15 Specification for isomaltulose

  For isomaltulose, the specifications are the following:

 (a) chemical name—6-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-D-fructofuranose:

 (b) description—white or colourless, crystalline, sweet substance, faint isomaltulose specific odour;

 (c) isomaltulose (%)—not less than 98% on a dry weight basis;

 (d) water—maximum 6%;

 (e) other saccharides—maximum 2% on a dry weight basis;

 (f) ash—maximum 0.01% on a dry weight basis;

 (g) lead—maximum 0.1 ppm on a dry weight basis.

S3—16 Specification for Listeria phage P100

  For Listeria phage P100, the biological classification is the following:

 (a) order—Caudovirales;

 (b) family—Myoviridae;

 (c) subfamily—Spounaviridae;

 (d) genus—twort-like;

 (e) species—Listeria phage P100;

 (f) GenBank Accession Number—DQ004855.

S3—17 Descriptions and physical constraints for nucleotides

Uridine-5′-monophosphate disodium salt (UMP)

 (1) For uridine-5′-monophosphate disodium salt (UMP), the specifications are the following:

 (a) empirical chemical formula—C9 H11N2 O9PNa2;

 (b) the compound must be of the 5 species, with the disodium monophosphate structure attached to the fifth carbon in the central structure;

 (c) molecular weight—368.15;

 (d) structure or physical character—occurs as a colourless or white crystal or as a white crystalline powder. It is odourless and has a characteristic taste;

 (e) solubility—freely soluble in water; very slightly soluble in alcohol.

Adenosine-5′-monophosphate (AMP)

 (2) For adenosine-5′-monophosphate (AMP), the specifications are the following:

 (a) empirical chemical formula—C10H14N5O7P;

 (b) the compound must be of the 5 species, with the monophosphate structure attached to the fifth carbon in the central structure;

 (c) molecular weight—347.22;

 (d) structure or physical character—occurs as a colourless or white crystal or as a white crystalline powder. It is odourless and has a characteristic acidic taste;

 (e) solubility—very slightly soluble in water; practically insoluble in alcohol.

Cytidine-5′-monophosphate (CMP)

 (3) For cytidine-5′-monophosphate (CMP), the specifications are the following:

 (a) empirical chemical formula—C9H14N3O8P;

 (b) the compound must be of the 5 species, with the monophosphate structure attached to the fifth carbon in the central structure;

 (c) molecular weight—323.20;

 (d) structure or physical character—occurs as a colourless or white crystal or as a white crystalline powder. It is odourless and has a characteristic slightly acidic taste;

 (e) solubility—very slightly soluble in water; practically insoluble in alcohol.

S3—18 Testing requirements for nucleotides

  The testing requirements for nucleotides are as follows:

 (a) physical inspection—white crystals or crystalline powder;

 (b) identification:

 (i) ultraviolet absorbance: a 1 in 12 500 solution of the powder in 0.01N hydrochloric acid exhibits an absorbance maximum at an absorbance of:

 (A) for inosine-5′-monophosphate disodium salt—250 ± 2nm; and

 (B) for uridine-5′-monophosphate disodium salt—260 ± 2nm; and

 (C) for adenosine-5′-monophosphate—257 ± 2nm; and

 (D) for cytidine-5′-monophosphate (CMP)—280 ± 2nm; and

 (E) guanosine-5′-monophosphate disodium salt (gMP)—256 ± 2nm; and

 (ii) IMP, UMP and gMP must test positive for sodium phosphate; and

 (iii) IMP, UMP, AMP, CMP and gMP must test positive for organic phosphate;

 (c) assay (HPLC)—optimum of not less than 96% (corrected for moisture content);

 (d) IMP and gMP have a pH of a 1 in 20 solution: between 7.0 and 8.5;

 (e) clarity and colour of solution:

 (i) 500 mg/10 mL H2O for IMP: is colourless and shows only a trace of turbidity; and

 (ii) 100 mg/10 mL H2O for gMP: is colourless and shows only a trace of turbidity;

 (f) moisture:

 (i) for inosine-5′-monophosphate disodium salt—not more than 28.5%: Karl Fischer; and

 (ii) for uridine-5′-monophosphate disodium salt—not more than 26.0%: Karl Fischer; and

 (iii) guanosine-5′-monophosphate disodium salt (gMP)—loss in drying of not more than 25% (4 hrs @ 120ºC); and

 (iv) for cytidine-5′-monophosphate (CMP)—loss in drying of not more than 6.0% (4 hrs @ 120ºC); and

 (v) adenosine-5′-monophosphate—loss in drying of not more than 6.0% (4 hrs @ 120ºC);

 (g) impurities—all nucleotides:

 (i) for IMP, gMP—amino acids: negative; and

 (ii) for IMP, gMP—ammonium salts: negative; and

 (iii) for IMP, UMP, AMP, CMP, gMP—arsenic: not more than 2 ppm; and

 (iv) for IMP, UMP, AMP, CMP, gMP—heavy metals: not more than 10 ppm;

 (h) related foreign substances:

 (i) for IMP—only 5′-inosinic acid is detected by thin layer chromatography; and

 (ii) for gMP—only 5′-guanylic acid is detected by thin layer chromatography;

 (i) bacteriological profile:

 (i) *SPC—not more than 1 000/g, test per current FDA/BAM procedures; and

 (ii) coliforms—negative by test; test per current FDA/BAM procedures; and

 (iii) yeast and mould—not more than 300/g, test per current FDA/BAM procedures; and

 (iv) salmonella—negative, test per current FDA/BAM procedures.

S3—19 Specification for oil derived from the algae Crypthecodinium cohnii rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

  For oil derived from the algae Crypthecodinium cohnii rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the specifications are the following:

 (a) full chemical name for DHA—4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3);

 (b) DHA (%)—minimum 35;

 (c) *trans fatty acids (%)—maximum 2.0;

 (d) lead (mg/kg)—maximum 0.1;

 (e) arsenic (mg/kg)—maximum 0.1;

 (f) mercury (mg/kg)—maximum 0.1;

 (g) hexane (mg/kg)—maximum 0.3.

S3—20 Specification for oil derived from the fungus Mortierella alpina rich in arachidonic acid (ARA)

  For oil derived from the fungus Mortierella alpina rich in arachidonic acid (ARA), the specifications are the following:

 (a) full chemical name for ARA—5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (20:4n-6 ARA);

 (b) ARA (%)—minimum 35;

 (c) *trans fatty acids (%)—maximum 2.0;

 (d) lead (mg/kg)—maximum 0.1;

 (e) arsenic (mg/kg)—maximum 0.1;

 (f) mercury (mg/kg)—maximum 0.1;

 (g) hexane (mg/kg)—maximum 0.3.

S3—21 Specification for oil derived from marine micro-algae (Schizochytrium sp.) rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

  For oil derived from marine micro-algae (Schizochytrium sp.) rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the specifications are the following:

 (a) full chemical name—4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3 DHA);

 (b) DHA (%)—minimum 32;

 (c) *trans fatty acids (%)—maximum 2.0;

 (d) lead (mg/kg)—maximum 0.1;

 (e) arsenic (mg/kg)—maximum 0.1;

 (f) mercury (mg/kg)—maximum 0.1;

 (g) hexane (mg/kg)—maximum 0.3.

S3—22 Specification for oil derived from marine micro-algae (Ulkenia sp.) rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)

  For oil derived from marine micro-algae (Ulkenia sp.) rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the specifications are the following:

 (a) full chemical name for DHA—4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3 DHA);

 (b) DHA (%)—minimum 32;

 (c) *trans fatty acids (%)—maximum 2.0;

 (d) lead (mg/kg)—maximum 0.2;

 (e) arsenic (mg/kg)—maximum 0.2;

 (f) mercury (mg/kg)—maximum 0.2;

 (g) hexane (mg/kg)—maximum 10.

S3—23 Specification for oxidised polyethylene

 (1) In this section:

ASTM refers to standard test methods prepared by the American Society for Testing and Materials.

CAS means the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number.

oxidised polyethylene (CAS 68441-17-8) is the polymer produced by the mild air oxidation of polyethylene.

 (2) For oxidised polyethylene, the specifications are the following:

 (a) average molecular weight—min 1200 (osmometric);

 (b) viscosity at 125C—min 200cP;

 (c) oxygen content—max 9.1%;

 (d) acid value—max 70 mgKOH/g (ASTM D 1386);

 (e) drop point—min 95C (ASTM D 566);

 (f) density (20C)—0.93-1.05 g/cm3 (ASTM D 1298, D 1505);

 (g) extractable constituents:

 (i) in water—maximum 1.5%; and

 (ii) in 10% ethanol—max 2.3%; and

 (iii) in 3% acetic acid—max 1.8%; and

 (iv) in n-pentane—max 26.0%.

 Note  Extraction of oxidised polyethylene—25.0 g of finely ground oxidised polyethylene powder (particle size 300–1 000 μm) is extracted for 5 hours in the Soxhlet apparatus with 350 mL of solvent. The solvent is then distilled off and the distillation residue is dried in a vacuum oven at 80–90°C. After weighing the obtained residue, the components soluble in the solvent are calculated in % weight (based on the initial weight used).

S3—24 Specification for phytosterols, phytostanols and their esters

 (1) Subject to subsections (2) and (3), *phytosterols, phytostanols and their esters must comply with a monograph specification in section S3—2 or section S3—3.

 (2) However, for a mixture which contains no less than 950 g/kg of phytosterol and phytostanols, the concentration of hexane, isopropanol, ethanol, methanol or methyl ethyl ketone either singly or in combination must be no more than 2 g/kg.

 (3) The *total plant sterol equivalents content must contain no less than 95% des-methyl sterols.

S3—25 Specification for quaternary amine cellulose ion exchange resin

 (1) This specification relates to regenerated cellulose, cross-linked and alkylated with epichlorohydrin and propylene oxide, then derivatised with quaternary amine groups whereby the amount of epichlorohydrin plus propylene oxide is no more than 250% by weight of the starting amount of cellulose.

 (2) When subjected to the extraction regime listed in the 21 CFR § 173.25(c)(4), but using dilute hydrochloric acid at pH 2 in place of 5% acetic acid, the ion exchange resins shall result in no more than 25 ppm of organic extractives.

S3—26 Specification for resistant maltodextrins

  For resistant maltodextrins, the specifications are the following:

 (a) chemical structure—glucopyranose linked by α(1-4), α(1-6), α/β(1-2), and α/β(1-3) glucosidic bonds; and contains levoglucosan;

 (b) dextrose equivalent—8-12;

 (c) appearance—free-flowing fine powder;

 (d) colour—white;

 (e) taste/odour—slightly sweet/odourless;

 (f) solution—clear;

 (g) pH (in 10% solution)—4-6;

 (h) moisture (%)—maximum 5;

 (i) ash (%)—maximum 0.2;

 (j) arsenic (ppm)—maximum 1;

 (k) heavy metals (ppm)—maximum 5;

 (l) microbiological:

 (i) standard plate count (cfu/g)—maximum 300;

 (ii) yeast and mould (cfu/g)—maximum 100;

 (iii) salmonella—negative to test;

 (iv) coliforms—negative to test.

S3—27 Specification for tall oil phytosterol esters

 (1) In this section:

tall oil phytosterol esters are phytosterols derived from tall oil pitch esterified with long-chain fatty acids derived from edible vegetable oils

 (2) For tall oil phytosterol esters, the specifications are the following:

 (a) phytosterol content:

 (i) phytosterol esters plus free phytosterols—no less than 97%; and

 (ii) free phytosterols after saponification—no less than 59%; and

 (iii) free phytosterols—no more than 6%; and

 (iv) steradienes—no more than 0.3%;

 (b) sterol profile based on input sterols:

 (i) campesterol—no less than 4.0% and no more than 25.0%; and

 (ii) campesterol—no more than 14.0%; and

 (iii) B-sitosterol—no less than 36.0% and no more than 79.0%; and

 (iv) B-sitostanol—no less than 6.0% and no more than 34%; and

 (v) fatty acid methylester—no more than 0.5%; and

 (vi) moisture—no more than 0.1%; and

 (vii) solvents—no more than 50 mg/kg; and

 (viii) residue on ignition—no more than 0.1%;

 (c) heavy metals:

 (i) iron—no more than 1.0 mg/kg; and

 (ii) copper—no more than 0.5 mg/kg; and

 (iii) arsenic—no more than 3 mg/kg; and

 (iv) lead—no more than 0.1 mg/kg;

 (d) microbiological:

 (i) total aerobic count—no more than 10 000 cfu/g; and

 (ii) combined moulds and yeasts—no more than 100 cfu/g; and

 (iii) coliforms—negative; and

 (iv) E. coli—negative; and

 (v) salmonella—negative.

S3—28 Specification for yeast—selenium-enriched

 (1) Selenium-enriched yeasts are produced by culture in the presence of sodium selenite as a source of selenium.

 (2) These yeasts must contain selenium according to the following criteria:

 (a) total selenium content—no more than 2.5 mg/g of the dried form as marketed;

 (b) levels of organic selenium (% total as extracted selenium):

 (i) selenomethionine—no less than 60% and no more than 85%; and

 (ii) other organic selenium compounds (including selenocysteine)—no more than 10%;

 (c) levels of inorganic selenium (% total extracted selenium)—no more than 1%.

S3—29 Specification for yeast—high chromium

  For high chromium yeast:

 (a) the physical specifications are the following:

 (i) appearance—fine, free-flowing powder;

 (ii) colour—light off-white or light tan;

 (iii) odour—slight yeast aroma;

 (iv) particle size—minimum 90% through a #100 USS screen; and

 (b) the chemical specifications are the following:

 (i) moisture—maximum 6%;

 (ii) chromium—1.8-2.25 g/kg.

S3—30 Specification for yeast—high molybdenum

  For high molybdenum yeast:

 (a) the physical specifications are the following:

 (i) appearance—fine, free-flowing powder;

 (ii) colour—light off-white or light tan;

 (iii) odour—slight yeast aroma;

 (iv) particle size—minimum 85% through a #100 USS screen; and

 (b) the chemical specifications are the following:

 (i) moisture—maximum 6%;

 (ii) molybdenum—1.8–2.25 g/kg.

S3—33 Specifications for Salmonella phage preparation (S16 and FO1a)

 (1) In this section:

a preparation means a Salmonella phage preparation (S16 and FO1a).

Salmonella phage preparation (S16 and FO1a) means a solution of a 1:1 blend of Salmonella phage S16 and Salmonella phage FO1a.

 (2) Salmonella phage S16 in a preparation must comply with the specification in subsection (4).

 (3) Salmonella phage FO1a in a preparation must comply with the specification in subsection (5).

 (4) The biological classification for Salmonella phage S16 in a preparation is the following:

 (a) order—Caudavirales;

 (b) family—Myoviridae;

 (c) genus—T4-like;

 (d) species—Salmonella phage S16;

 (e) GenBank Accession Number—HQ331142

 (5) The biological classification for Salmonella phage FO1a in a preparation is the following:

 (a) order—Caudavirales;

 (b) family—Myoviridae;

 (c) genus—FelixO1-like;

 (d) species— Salmonella phage FO1a;

 (e) GenBank Accession Number—JF461087.

S3—34 Specification for sulphonate agarose ion exchange resin

 (1) This specification relates to agarose, cross-linked with epichlorohydrin and reacted with allyl glycidyl ether or propylene oxide, then derivatised with sulphonate groups whereby the amount of epichlorohydrin plus allyl glycidyl ether or propylene oxide does not exceed 250% by weight of the starting quantity of agarose.

 (2) When subjected to the extraction regime listed in the 21 CFR § 173.25(c)(4), but using dilute hydrochloric acid at pH 2 in place of 5% acetic acid, the ion exchange resins shall result in no more than 25 ppm of organic extractives.

S3—35 Specification for steviol glycosides produced by enzymatic conversion

  (1)      In this section:

prescribed rebaudiosides are:

                        (a)      rebaudioside D;

                             (b)      rebaudioside M; and

                              (c)      rebaudioside AM.

(2) The preparation must be obtained from the leaves of the Stevia rebaudiana   Bertoni plant by using one of the following processes:

 (a) by enzymatic conversion of purified stevia leaf extract to produce rebaudioside M using protein engineered enzymes that:

 (i) contain both UDP‑glucosyltransferase and sucrose synthase (EC 2.4.1.13) components; and

  (ii) are sourced from both of the following:

 (a) a Pichia pastoris strain expressing UGT-A;

 (b) a Pichia pastoris strain expressing both UGT-B1 and UGT-B2;

 (b) by enzymatic conversion of purified stevia leaf extract to produce rebaudioside D using a protein engineered enzyme that:

 (i) contains both UDP‑glucosyltransferase and sucrose synthase (EC 2.4.1.13) components; and

 (ii) is sourced from Pichia pastoris strain UGT-A;

 (c)        by enzymatic conversion of purified stevia leaf extract to produce one or more prescribed rebaudiosides using a combination of enzymes that contains:

 (i) a UDP-glucosyltransferase from Stevia rebaudiana sourced from Escherichia coli; and

 (ii) a UDP-glucosyltransferase from Solanum lycopersicum sourced from Escherichia coli; and

 (iii) a sucrose synthase (EC 2.4.1.13) sourced from Escherichia coli.

 (d) by enzymatic conversion of purified stevia leaf extract to produce  rebaudioside E using a protein engineered enzyme that:

 (i) contains both of the following components:

 (A) UDP‑glucosyltransferase; and

 (B) sucrose synthase (EC 2.4.1.13); and

 (ii) is sourced from Pichia pastoris strain UGT-A.

 (2A) The final product may be spray dried.

 (3) The preparation may contain different individual steviol glycosides.

 (4) The specifications are the following:

 (a) Description—white to light yellow powder, approximately 150 to 300 times sweeter than sucrose;

 (b) Assay—not less than 95% of steviol glycosides on the dried basis;

 (c) Solubility—freely soluble in water;

 (d) pH—between 4.5 and 7.0 (1% solution);

 (e) Total ash—not more than 1%;

 (f) Loss on drying—not more than 6% (105°C, 2 hour);

 (g) Residual solvents:  Not more than 200 mg/kg methanol

   Not more than 5000 mg/kg ethanol

 (h) Arsenic—not more than 1 mg/kg;

 (i) Lead—not more than 1 mg/kg;

 (j) INS number—960.

S3—36 Specification for oil derived from marine micro-algae Schizochytrium sp. (American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) PTA-9695)

  For oil derived from marine micro-algae Schizochytrium sp. (American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) PTA-9695), the specifications are the following:

 (a) full chemical name—4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3 DHA);

 (b) DHA (%)—minimum 35;

 (c) EPA (%)—maximum 10;

 (d) *trans fatty acids (%)—maximum 2.0;

 (e) lead (mg/kg)—maximum 0.1;

 (f) arsenic (mg/kg)—maximum 0.1;

 (g) mercury (mg/kg)—maximum 0.1;

 (h) hexane (mg/kg)—maximum 0.3.

S3—37 Specification for isomalto-oligosaccharide

  For isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO), the specifications are the following:

 (a) chemical structure—IMO is a mixture of glucose oligomers with α 1→6 glycosidic linkages that include isomaltose, panose, isomaltotriose, isomaltopentaose and various branched oligosaccharides;

 (b) description—a white crystalline powder or transparent clear pale yellow coloured syrup;

 (c) IMO content (dry weight)—not less than 90% (powder) and not less than 75% (syrup);

 (d) oligosaccharides—not less than 55% with a degree of polymerisation of 3 or more;

 (e) glucose (dry weight)—not more than 5%;

 (f) moisture—not more than 5% for the powder, not applicable for syrup;

 (g) ash (dry weight)—not more than 0.3%.

S3—38 Specification for L-arginine acetate

  For L-arginine acetate, the specifications are the following:

 (a) full chemical name—(2S)-2-amino-5-(diaminomethylideneamino) pentanoic acid acetate;

 (b) description—white crystalline powder;

 (c) chemical formula—C8H18N4O4;

 (d) CAS number—71173-62-1;

 (e) purity (assay, on dried basis)—98.0-101.0%;

 (f) loss on drying—maximum 0.5%;

 (g) lead—maximum 0.4 mg/kg;

 (h) arsenic—maximum 1 mg/kg;

 (i) cadmium—maximum 0.2 mg/kg;

 (j) mercury—maximum 0.4 mg/kg.

S3—39 Specification for steviol glycosides from fermentation

 (1) This specification relates to a steviol glycosides preparation that:

 (a)      is obtained from fermentation;

(b) is not obtained from the leaves of the Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni plant; and

(c) contains steviol glycosides that are only derived from one of the following:

 (i) Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain CD15407 containing novel genes for the production of steviol glycosides;

 (ii) Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain Y63348 containing novel genes for the production of steviol glycosides;

 (iii) Yarrowia lipolytica strain VRM0014 containing novel genes for the production of steviol glycosides.

(2)           The specifications are the following:

 (a) Description—white to light yellow powder, approximately 200 to 300 times sweeter than sucrose;

 (b) Assay—not less than 95% of steviol glycosides on the dried basis;

 (c) Solubility—freely soluble in water;

 (d) pH—between 4.5 and 7.0 (1% solution);

 (e) Total ash—not more than 1%;

 (f) Loss on drying—not more than 6% (105°C, 2 hour);

 (g) Residual solvents—not more than 200 mg/kg methanol and not more than 5000 mg/kg ethanol;

 (h) Arsenic—not more than 1 mg/kg;

 (i) Lead—not more than 1 mg/kg;

 (j) Cadmium—not more than 1 mg/kg;

 (k) Mercury—not more than 1 mg/kg;

 (l) The final product may be spray dried.

S3—39(A) Specification for rapeseed protein isolate

  For rapeseed protein isolate, the specifications are the following:

 (a) Composition:

 (i) Total protein (%) – no less than 90; and

 (ii) Carbohydrates (%) – no more than 7; and

 (iii) Fat (%) – no more than 5; and

 (iv) Ash (%) – no more than 5; and

 (v) Moisture (%) – no more than 7;

 (b) Purity:

 (i) Glucosinolates (μmol/g) – no more than 1;

 (ii) Erucic acid (%) – no more than 0.005;

 (iii) Phytates (% w/w) – no more than 1.5;

 (c) Metals:

 (i) Lead (mg/kg) – no more than 0.5;

 (d) Microbiological:

 (i) Total plate count (cfu/g) no more than 10,000; and

 (ii) E. coli (cfu/10g) absent; and

 (iii) Salmonella spp. (cfu/25g) absent; and

 (iv) Yeasts and moulds (cfu/g) less than 100.

S3—40 Specification for 2′-fucosyllactose sourced from Escherichia coli K-12

  For 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL) sourced from Escherichia coli K-12 containing the gene for alpha-1,2-fucosyltransferase from either Helicobacter pylori or Bacteroides vulgatus, the specifications are the following:

 (a) chemical name—α-L-fucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucopyranose;

 (b) chemical formula—C18H32O15;

 (c) molecular weight—488.44 g/mol;

 (d) CAS number—41263-94-9;

 (e) description— white to off-white powder

 (f) 2′-FL—not less than 83%;

 (g) D-lactose—not more than 10.0%;

 (h) L-fucose—not more than 2.0%;

 (i) difucosyl-D-lactose—not more than 5.0 %;

 (j) 2′-fucosyl-D-lactulose—not more than 1.5 %;

 (k) sum of saccharides (2′-FL, D-lactose, L-fucose, difucosyl-D-lactose, 2′-fucosyl-D-lactulose)—not less than 90%;

 (l) pH (20°C, 5% solution)—3.0-7.5;

 (m) water—not more than 9.0%;

 (n) ash, sulphated—not more than 2.0%;

 (o) acetic acid—not more than 1.0%;

  (p) residual proteins—not more than 0.01%;

 (q) microbiological:

(i)             aerobic mesophilic bacteria total count—not more than 3,000 cfu/g;

(ii)            yeasts—not more than 100 cfu/g;

(iii)          moulds—not more than 100 cfu/g;

(iv)          endotoxins—not more than 10 EU/mg.

S3—41 Specification for lacto-N-neotetraose

  For lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), the specifications are the following:

 (a)  chemical name—–β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucopyranose

  (b)  chemical formula—–C26H45NO21

 (c)  CAS number—–13007-32-4

 (d) description—–white to off white powder or agglomerates

 (e)  assay (water free) for sum of LNnT, lactose, lacto-N-triose II, and para-lacto-N-hexaose—–not less than 95.0%

 (f) assay (water free) LNnT—–not less than 92.0%

 (g)  D-lactose—–not more than 3.0%

 (h) lacto-N-triose II—–not more than 3.0%

 (i) para-lacto-N-neohexaose—–not more than 3.0%

 (j) LNnT fructose isomer—–not more than 1.0%

 (k)  pH (20°C, 5% solution) —–4.0 to 7.0

 (l) water—–not more than 9.0%

 (m)  ash, sulphated—–not more than 1.5%

 (n) methanol—–not more than 100 mg/kg

 (o) residual proteins—–not more than 0.01%

 (p) lead—–not more than 0.1 mg/kg

 (q) microbiological:

 (i)  salmonella—–absent in 25 g

  (ii)  total plate count—–not more than 500 cfu/g

 (iii)  enterobacteriaceae—–absent in 10 g

 (iv)  cronobacter (Enterobacter) sakazakii—–absent in 10 g

 (v)  listeria monocytogenes—–absent in 25 g

 (vi)  bacillus cereus—–not more than 50 cfu/g

 (vii)  yeasts—–not more than 10 cfu/g

  (viii) moulds—–not more than 10 cfu/g

 (ix) residual endotoxins—–not more than 10 EU/mg

S3—42 Specification for a soy leghemoglobin preparation

 Note  Subsections S26—3(5) and (7) require a soy leghemoglobin preparation to comply with the specifications set out in this section.

 For a soy leghemoglobin preparation, the specifications are the following:

(a)    soy leghemoglobin protein—maximum 9.0%;

(b)    soy leghemoglobin protein purity—minimum 65%;

(c)    appearance—dark red concentrated liquid;

(d)    solids— maximum 26%;

(e)    fat—maximum 2.0%;

(f)      carbohydrate—maximum 6.0%;

(g)    pH—5-10;

(h)    moisture—maximum 90%;

(i)      ash—maximum 4.0%;

(j)      lead—maximum 0.4 mg/kg;

(k)    arsenic—maximum 0.05 mg/kg;

(l)      mercury—maximum 0.05 mg/kg;

(m)  cadmium—maximum 0.2 mg/kg;

(n)    microbiological:

 (i)  Escherichia coli—negative to test;

 (ii) Salmonella spp.—negative to test;

(i)                   Listeria monocytogenes—negative to test.

S3—43  Specification for sweet osmanthus ear glycolipids

   For sweet osmanthus ear glycolipids, the specifications are the following:

(a) CAS number—2205009-17-0;

 (b) chemical structure—a mixture of long-chain glycolipids obtained from the fermentation and filtration of the non-GMO Dacryopinax spathularia strain MUCL 53181;

 (c) description—off-white to ivory powder;

 (d) pH—between 5.0 and 7.0 (1% aqueous solution);

 (e) water—less than 5%;

 (f) protein—less than 3%;

 (g) fat—less than 2%;

 (h) total glycolipid content on a dry weight basis for the powder—no less than 93%;

 (i) lead—not more than 2 mg/kg;

 (j) arsenic—not more than 1 mg/kg;

 (k) cadmium— not more than 1 mg/kg;

 (l) mercury— not more than 1 mg/kg;

 (m) microbial limits:

 (i) total aerobic microbial count—not more than 100 cfu/g;

 (ii) total yeast and mould count—not more than 10 cfu/g;

 (iii) coliforms—not more than 3 MPN/g;

 (iv) Escherichia coli—not more than 3 MPN/g.

S3—44 Specification for Nicotinamide riboside chloride

(1)           In this section,

Nicotinamide riboside chloride (CAS Number 23111-00-4) is the chemical with:

(a)    the chemical name Pyridinium, 3-(aminocarbonyl)-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-, chloride (1:1);

(b)    the formula C11H15N2O5·Cl;

(c)    the formula weight 290.7 g/mol.

(2)           For Nicotinamide riboside chloride, the specifications are the following:

(a)           description—a white to light brown powder;

(b)           solubility—freely soluble in water;

(c)            assay—not less than 90.0 w/w % and not more than 103 w/w %;

(d)           water—not more than 2.0 w/w %;

(e)           residual solvents:

(i)      acetone—not more than 5000 ppm; and

(ii)     methanol—not more than 1000 ppm; and

(iii)   acetonitrile—not more than 50 ppm; and

(iv)   methyl tert-butyl ether—not more than 500 ppm;

(f)             reaction by-products:

(i)      methyl acetate—not more than 1000 ppm; and

(ii)     acetamide—not more than 27 ppm; and

(iii)   acetic acid—not more than 5000 ppm;

(g)           arsenic and heavy metals:

(i)      arsenic—not more than 1 ppm; and

(ii)     mercury—not more than 1 ppm; and

(iii)   cadmium—not more than 1 ppm; and

(iv)   lead—not more than 0.5 ppm;

(h)           microbial limits:

(i)      standard plate count—maximum 1000 cfu/g; and

(ii)     yeast and mould—maximum 100 cfu/g; and

(iii)   Escherichia coli—absent in 10 g

          For 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL) sourced from Escherichia coli BL21, the specifications are the following:

(i)         Salmonella—absent in 100 g for powder, absent in 200 mL for liquid

(vi)       aflatoxin M1—not more than 0.025 μg/kg

(vii)      endotoxins—not more than 10 EU/mg

(viii)     GMO detection—not detected.

S3—46  Specification for bovine lactoferrin

(1)           In this section, bovine lactoferrin is a protein derived from cow’s milk and consisting of a single polypeptide chain of 689 amino acids.

 (2) For bovine lactoferrin, the specifications are the following:

(a) description—a pink to reddish brown coloured, free-flowing powder;

(b) protein (N x 6.38)—more than 93.0%;

(c) purity—more than 95.0%;

(d) moisture—less than 4.5 g/100 g;

(e) ash—not more than 1.5 g/100 g;

(f) iron—not more than 35 mg/100 g;

(g) pH (2% solution)—5.2 to 7.2;

(h) solubility transmittance (2% solution, 20°C)—transparent;

(i) lead—not more than 1 mg/kg;

(j) microbial limits:

(i) Salmonella spp.—absent in 25 g;

(ii) Listeria monocytogenes—–absent in 25 g;

(iii) Cronobacter spp.—–absent in 10 g.

Amendment History

The Amendment History provides information about each amendment to the Schedule. The information includes commencement or cessation information for relevant amendments.

These amendments are made under section 92 of the Food Standards Australia New Zealand Act 1991 unless otherwise indicated. Amendments do not have a specific date for cessation unless indicated as such.

About this compilation

This is compilation No. 22 of Schedule 3 as in force on 21 April 2023 (up to Amendment No. 217). It includes any commenced amendment affecting the compilation to that date.

Prepared by Food Standards Australia New Zealand on 21 April 2023.

Uncommenced amendments or provisions ceasing to have effect.

To assist stakeholders, the effect of any uncommenced amendments or provisions which will cease to have effect, may be reflected in the Schedule as shaded boxed text with the relevant commencement or cessation date. These amendments will be reflected in a compilation registered on the Federal Register of Legislation including or omitting those amendments and provided in the Amendment History once the date is passed.

The following abbreviations may be used in the table below:

ad = added or inserted am = amended

C[x] = Compilation No. x ed = editorial change

exp = expired or ceased to have effect rep = repealed

rs = repealed and substituted

Schedule 3 was published in the Food Standards Gazette No. FSC96 on 10 April 2015 as part of Amendment 154 (F2015L00493 –- 2 April 2015) and has since been amended as follows: