Standard 1.4.4

Prohibited and Restricted Plants and Fungi

 

Purpose

This standard regulates plants and fungi.  It lists the species of plants and fungi that must not be added to food or offered for sale as food.  It also lists the species of plants and fungi that may not be used in food except as a source of a flavouring substance.

Table of Provisions

 

1 Prohibited plants and fungi

2 Restricted plants and fungi

 

Schedule 1 – Prohibited plants and fungi

Schedule 2 – Restricted plants and fungi

Clauses

1 Prohibited plants and fungi

(1) A plant or fungus, or a part or a derivative of a plant or fungus listed in Schedule 1, or any substance derived therefrom, must not be intentionally added to food or offered for sale as food.

(2) Eurythroxylum coca (coca bush) or any substance derived therefrom must not be present in a food unless the cocaine has been removed.

Editorial note:

 

Subclause (1) is not intended to prohibit the unintentional addition of plants and fungi to food that occur within the bounds of recognised acceptable Good Agricultural Practice or Good Manufacturing Practice.  If a public health and safety concern is identified because of the presence of such substances, they will be addressed through the setting of a limit on these substances in final food products.

 

2 Restricted plants and fungi

A plant or fungus, or a part or a derivative of a plant or fungus listed in Schedule 2, or any substance derived therefrom, may only be added to or be present in a food if it complies with the requirements for natural toxicants from the addition of a flavouring substance in the Table to clause 4 of Standard 1.4.1.


Editorial Note:

 

Clause 4 of Standard 1.4.1 imposes maximum levels of natural toxicants arising from the use of certain flavouring substances.

Standard 1.3.1 regulates food additives, including the addition and presence of flavourings in food.

 

Schedule 1

Prohibited Plants and Fungi

 

Column 1

 

 

Column 2

Species name

Common name

Abrus cantoniensis

 

Abrus precatorius

Jequirity seeds

Acokanthera schimperi

Arrow poison tree

Aconite

Calamus oil

False hellebore, Spring adonis

Horse chestnut, Buckeye

Cunjevoi, Elephant ear, Kape, ‘Ape, Ta’amu

Alstonia constricta

Alstonia

Amanita muscaria

Agaricus, Fly agaric

Amanita spp.

Amanita Mushroom

Ammi spp.

Bishops weed, Khella

Bisnaga, Khella

Anadenanthera peregrina

Cohoba yope, Niopo

Anchusa officinalis

Bugloss

Apocynum androsaemifolium

Bitter root, Spreading dogbane

Canadian hemp, Dogbane, Indian hemp

Areca catechu nut

Betel nut

Argyreia nervosa

Woolly morning glory

Aristolochia spp.

Birthwort, Snakeroot

Arnica spp.

Arnica

Artemisia absinthium

Common wormwood

Artemisia cina Berg

Levant wormseed

Artemisia maritima

Levant wormseed

Artemisia vulgaris

Mugwort

Atropa belladonna

Deadly nightshade, Dwale

Banisteriopsis spp.

Banisteria, Caapi

Borago officinalis

Borage

Brachyglottis spp.

Rangiora

Manaca, Mercury

Bryonia alba

European white bryony


Schedule 1 (cont)

 

Column 1

 

 

Column 2

Species name

Common name

Bryonia dioica

White bryony

Cacalia spp.

 

Calotropis spp.

Calotropis

Cannabis spp.

Hemp, Marijuana

Catha edulis

Khat, Chat

Catharanthus spp.

Periwinkle

Queen of the night, Night blooming jessamine

Common celandine, Greater celandine

Wormseed, Mexican goosefoot, Pigweed, America wormseed

Cowbane, European water hemlock

Clitocybe spp.

Fungi

Autumn crocus, Meadow saffron

Conium maculatum

Hemlock

Conocybe siligineoides

Ya'nte

Conocybe spp.

 

Copelandia spp.

Lily of the Valley

Fungi

Common ink cap

Coriaria spp.

Tutu, Tuupaakihi, Puuhou, Toot

Karaka kernel, New Zealand laurel

Coronilla spp.

Crown vetch

Fungi

Coryanthe yohimbe

Yohimbe

Crotolaria spp.

Crotolaria

Croton tiglium

Croton, Purging croton

Cycas media*

Zamia palm

Cynoglossum officinale

Hounds tongue, Beggar's lice

Cytisus scoparius* ( see Sarothamnus scoparius)

 

Daphne spp.

Daphne, Mezereum, Spurge laurel

Datura stramonium

Jimson weed, Datura, Thornapple

Delphinium spp.

Larkspur, Stavesacre

Digitalis purpurea

Foxglove

Dryopteris filix-mas

Male fern


Schedule 1 (cont)

Prohibited Plants and Fungi

 

Column 1

 

 

Column 2

Species name

Common name

Duboisia spp.

Corkwood, Pituri

Echium plantagineum

Pattersons curse, Salvation Jane

Echium vulgare

Viper's bugloss

Fungus

Ma-huang

Erysimum canescens

 

Spindle tree, Skewer wood

Eupatorium rugosum

White snakeroot

Euphorbia spp.

Euphorbia, Milkweed, Spurge, Pennyroyal oil

Farfugium japonicum

 

Galanthus nivalis

Snowdrop

Galerina spp.

Fungi

Yellow Jessamine, Gelsemium

Gymnopilus spp.

Fungi

False morel

Yage

Heliotropium spp.

Heliotrope

Black hellebore, Christmas rose

Pale day lily

Manzanillo

Homeria breyniana (see Homeria collina)

 

One-leaved cape tulip

Two-leaved cape tulip

Hydrastis canadensis

Goldenseal root or its extract

Chalmoogra seed

Hyoscyamus niger

Hypholoma fasciculare

Black henbane, Stinking nightshade

Sulphur tuft

Holly, English holly

Inocybe spp.

Fungi

Morning glory

Ipomoea hederacea

Morning glory

Ipomoea tricolor* (see Ipomoea violacea)

 

Ipomoea violacea

Morning glory

Juniperus sabina oil

Savin oil

Calico bush, Mountain Laurel, Ivy Bush

 


Schedule 1 (cont)

Prohibited Plants and Fungi

 

Column 1

 

 

Column 2

Species name

Common name

 

Laburnum, Golden chain, Golden rain, Bean tree

Lantana

Pukatea

Fungus

Lithospermum spp.

 

Lobelia inflata

Indian tobacco, Lobelia

Lophophora spp.

Peyote

Boxthorn, African boxthorn

Mahonia aquifolia

Oregon grape or Mountain grape root or its extract

Mandragora officinarum

European mandrake

White cedar, Indian bead tree, Chinaberry

Yellow parilla, Moonseed

Ngaio, Kaio

Narcissus, Daffodil, Jonquil

Narcissus poeticus

Narcissus, Daffodil, Jonquil

Narcissus pseudonarcissus

Narcissus, Daffodil, Jonquil

Nerium oleander

Oleander

Oenanthe aquatica* (see Oenanthe phellandrium)

 

Oenanthe phellandrium

Water fennel, Water dropwort

Omphalotus spp.

Fungi

San Pedro cactus, Cane cactus

Panaeolus spp.

Fungi

Papaver bracteatum

Oriental poppy

Papaver somniferum (other than seeds)

Opium poppy

Pausinystalia yohimbe*  (see Coryanthe yohimbe)

 

Peganum harmala

Wild rue

Petasites spp.

Butterbur

Peumus boldus

Boldo

Phoradendron flavascens*  (see Viscum flavescens)

 

Phoradendron serotinum*  (see Viscum flavescens)

 

 


Schedule 1 (cont)

Prohibited Plants and Fungi

 

Column 1

 

 

Column 2

Species name

Common name

Phoradendron tomentosum*  (see Viscum flavescens)

 

Physostigma venenosum

Calabar bean, Ordeal bean

Phytolacca decandra

Red pokeweed, Poke root

Phytolacca americana  (see Phytolacca decandra)

 

Inkweed, Red ink plant, Dyeberry

Pilocarpus spp.

 

Piptadenia macrocarpa

Cebil colorado, Cura pag

Piptadenia peregrina

Cohoba, Coxoba, Yoke

Pithomyces chartarum

Plugeus spp.

Fungus

Fungi

American mandrake, Mayapple, Podophyllum

Prestonia amazonica  (see Haemodictyon amazonica)

 

Cherry laurel

Psoralea corylifolia

Malay tea

Psylocybe spp.

Fungi

Pteridium aquilinum

Bracken Fern

Pulmonaria spp.

Lungwort

Punica granatum stem and root bark

Pomegranate

Rauwolfia spp.

Devil pepper, Rauwolfia

Ricinus communis

Castor bean, Castor oil plant

Black locust, False acacia

Sanguinaria canadensis

Bloodroot, Bloodwort

Sarothamnus scoparius

Common broom

Scopolia carniolica

Scopolia

Golden ragwort

Senecio spp.

Ragwort

Poroporo, Pooporo, Kohoho, Bullibulli

False Jerusalem cherry

Solanum dulcamara

Bittersweet twigs, Blue bindweed, Woody nightshade, Nightshade

Solanum lactinatum* (see Solanum aviculare)

 

Solanum linnaenum (see Solanum sodomeum)

 

 


Schedule 1 (cont)

Prohibited Plants and Fungi

 

Column 1

 

 

Column 2

Species name

Common name

Black nightshade

Jerusalem cherries

Apple of Sodom

Kowhai

Sophora secundiflora

Mescal bean

Spanish broom

Pinkroot, Worm grass

Strophanthus gratus

Strophanthus

Strophanthus kombe

Strophanthus

Stropharia cubensis

Fungus

Strychnos gautheriana

Hoang nan

Strychnos ignatii

Ignatious bean

Strychnos malaccensis*

(see Strychnos gautheriana)

 

Strychnos nux-vomica

Poison nut, Nux vomica

Symphytum asperum

Prickley comfrey

Common comfrey

Symphytum X uplandicum

Russian comfrey

Blackeye root, Black bryony

Yew, European yew, Common yew

Thevetia neriifolia*  (see Thevetia peruviana)

 

Thevetia peruviana

Snake nut

Trichodesma africana

 

Fungus

Tussilago farfara

Coltsfoot

Veratrum spp.

Hellebore

Vinca spp.

Periwinkle

Cuajo negro, Camaticaro

Viscum album

European mistletoe berries

Viscum flavescens

American mistletoe

Xysmalobium undulatum

Uzara, Thornbush

Zamia integrifolia*

Coonties, Florida arrowroot

* Not an Australian Approved Name.


Editorial note:

 

Requirements relating to Kava (Piper methysticum) are contained in Standard 2.6.3 of this Code.

 

Schedule 2

Restricted Plants and Fungi

 

Column 1

Column 2

Column 3

 

 

 

Species name

Common Name

Natural Toxicant

Chrysanthemum balsamita

Costmary

Thujone

Chrysanthemum parthenium*  see Tanacetum parthenium

 

 

Cinchona spp.

Cinchona

Quinine

Cinnamomum camphora

Camphor tree oil

Safrole, coumarin

Cinnamomum micranthum

Micranthum oil

Safrole, coumarin

Hedeoma pulegioides oil*

American pennyroyal

White snakeroot oil

Pulegone

Hypericum perforatum

St John's wort

Hypericine

Mentha pulegium oil

European pennyroyal oil

Pulegone

Sassafras albidum

American sassafras oil

Safrole

Sassafras officinale*  (see Sassafras albidum)

 

 

Tanacetum balsamita  (see Chrysanthemum balsamita)

 

 

Tanacetum parthenium

Feverfew

Santonin

Tanacetum vulgare

Tansy oil

Thujone

Thuja occidentalis

Thuja, White cedar

Thujone

 

* Not an Australian Approved Name.