Schedule 1 Amendment of Defence and Strategic Goods List
(section 3)
[1] Defence and Strategic Goods List
substitute
DEFENCE AND STRATEGIC GOODS LIST
November 1996
The Defence and Strategic Goods List (DSGL) is identified in regulation 13E of the Customs (Prohibited Exports) Regulations 1958 as the document titled ‘Defence and Strategic Goods List’:
(a) formulated and published for the purpose of paragraph 112 (2A) (aa) of the Customs Act 1901 by the Minister for Defence; and
(b) dated November 1996;
as amended by the Minister for Defence and in force from time to time.
Goods included in the list may not be exported from Australia unless a licence or permission has been granted by the Minister or an authorised person and that licence or permission is produced to a Collector of Customs before exportation: regulation 13E of the Customs (Prohibited Exports) Regulations 1958.
The DSGL was first published in 1996 when the Customs (Prohibited Exports) Regulations were consolidated and revised as a result of an Australian National Audit Office review of the Defence export control activity.
The DSGL includes equipment, assemblies and components, associated test, inspection and production equipment, materials, software and technology and is divided into two parts.
PART 1 covers defence and related goods — those goods and technologies designed or adapted for use by armed forces or goods that are inherently lethal. These goods include:
· Military Goods — those goods or technology that is designed or adapted for military purposes including parts and accessories thereof.
· Non Military Lethal Goods (NMLG) — that equipment that is inherently lethal, incapacitating or destructive such as non‑military firearms, non‑military ammunition and commercial explosives and initiators.
PART 2 covers those goods that have a dual use. Dual‑use goods comprise equipment and technologies developed to meet commercial needs but which may be used either as military components or for the development or production of military systems or weapons of mass destruction. This part is further subdivided into and is made up of the following 10 categories:
· Category 0 — Nuclear Materials;
· Category 1 — Materials, Chemicals, Microorganisms and Toxins;
· Category 2 — Materials Processing;
· Category 3 — Electronics;
· Category 4 — Computers;
· Category 5 — Telecommunications and Information Security;
· Category 6 — Sensors and Lasers;
· Category 7 — Navigation and Avionics;
· Category 8 — Marine;
· Category 9 — Aerospace and Propulsion.
The DSGL is amended from time to time to reflect changes in the various multilateral non‑proliferation and export control regimes of which Australia is a member.
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GENERAL NOTES
1. The Notes, Technical Notes and Nota Bene (N.B.) appearing in the Defence and Strategic Goods List form an integral part of the control text.
2. The index at the end of the Defence and Strategic Goods List is provided for guidance only and does not form part of the control text.
3. The object of the controls contained in the Defence and Strategic Goods List should not be defeated by the export of any non‑controlled goods (including plant) containing one or more controlled components when the controlled component or components are the principal element of the goods and can feasibly be removed or used for other purposes.
N.B.: In judging whether the controlled component or components are to be considered the principal element, it is necessary to weigh the factors of quantity, value and technological know‑how involved and other special circumstances which might establish the controlled component or components as the principal element of the goods being procured.
4. Goods specified in the Defence and Strategic Goods List include both new and used goods.
5. Terms in “quotations” are defined terms. Refer to the “Definitions of Terms” section of the Defence and Strategic Goods List. Words and terms appearing under “Definitions of Terms”, if used in their undefined forms, take their common or dictionary meanings.
PART 1 — MUNITIONS LIST
ML 8
Specially formulated pharmaceutical products containing ML8 materials are not controlled.
ML 10
Absence of items from the Munitions List and absence of configuration for military use would mean that an aircraft would not be considered military.
PART 2 — DUAL‑USE GOODS AND TECHNOLOGIES
General Technology Note
The transfer of “technology” according to the General Technology Note, for “production” or “development” of items on this list shall be treated with vigilance.
General Technology Note
Controls on intangible “technology” are to be exercised as far as the scope of legislation† will allow.
General Software Note
The transfer of “software”, for “production” or “development” of items on this list shall be treated with vigilance in accordance with national policies and the aims of this regime.
Source Code
Taking into account national practices and legislation†, Participating States agree that “source code” items are controlled either by “software” or by “software” and “technology” controls, except when such “source code” items are explicitly decontrolled.
Medical equipment
Equipment specially designed for medical end‑use that incorporates an item controlled in the Dual‑Use List is not controlled.
Category 9
“Development” or “production” “technology” controlled by 9E for gas turbine engines remains controlled when the “technology” is used for repair, rebuild and overhaul. Excluded from control are: technical data, drawings or documentation for maintenance activities directly associated with calibration, removal or replacement of damaged or unserviceable line replaceable units, including replacement of whole engines or engine modules.
† Australia’s export control legislation on the intangible transfers of “software” and “technology” is the Weapons of Mass Destruction (Prevention of Proliferation) Act 1995. The object of this Act is to ensure that goods are not supplied or exported, and services are not provided, in circumstances where the goods will or may be used in, or the services will or may assist a Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) program.
A WMD program means a plan or program for the development, production, acquisition or stockpiling of nuclear, biological or chemical weapons or missiles capable of delivering such weapons.
The provision of services includes doing anything that confers a benefit on, grants a right or privilege to, provides a facility for, or otherwise assists, someone.
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Definitions of terms between ‘single quotation marks’ are given in a Technical Note to the relevant item.
Definitions of terms between “double quotation marks” are as follows:
N.B.: Category references are given in brackets after the defined term.
“Accuracy” (2 6), usually measured in terms of inaccuracy, means the maximum deviation, positive or negative, of an indicated value from an accepted standard or true value.
“Active flight control systems” (7) are systems that function to prevent undesirable “aircraft” and missile motions or structural loads by autonomously processing outputs from multiple sensors and then providing necessary preventive commands to effect automatic control.
“Active pixel” (6 8) is a minimum (single) element of the solid state array which has a photoelectric transfer function when exposed to light (electromagnetic) radiation.
“Adapted for use in war” (1 ML7) means any modification or selection (such as altering purity, shelf life, virulence, dissemination characteristics, or resistance to UV radiation) designed to increase the effectiveness in producing casualties in humans or animals, degrading equipment or damaging crops or the environment.
“Adjusted Peak Performance” (4) is an adjusted peak rate at which “digital computers” perform 64‑bit or larger floating point additions and multiplications, and is expressed in Weighted TeraFLOPS (WT) with units of 1012 adjusted floating point operations per second.
N.B.: See Category 4, Technical Note.
“Additives” (ML8) means substances used in explosive formulations to improve their properties.
“Aircraft” (1 7 9 ML8 ML9 ML10) means a fixed wing, swivel wing, rotary wing (helicopter), tilt rotor or tilt‑wing airborne vehicle.
N.B.: See also “civil aircraft”.
“All compensations available” (2) means after all feasible measures available to the manufacturer to minimise all systematic positioning errors for the particular machine‑tool model are considered.
“Allocated by the ITU” (3 5) means the allocation of frequency bands according to the current edition of the ITU Radio Regulations for primary, permitted and secondary services.
N.B.: Additional and alternative allocations are not included.
“Angle random walk” (7) means the angular error build up with time that is due to white noise in angular rate. (IEEE STD 528‑2001)
“Angular position deviation” (2) means the maximum difference between angular position and the actual, very accurately measured angular position after the workpiece mount of the table has been turned out of its initial position (Reference: VDI/VDE 2617, Draft: ‘Rotary tables on coordinate measuring machines’).
“APP” (4) is equivalent to “Adjusted Peak Performance”.
“Asymmetric algorithm “ (5) means a cryptographic algorithm using different, mathematically‑related keys for encryption and decryption.
N.B.: A common use of “asymmetric algorithms” is key management.
“Automatic target tracking” (6) means a processing technique that automatically determines and provides as output an extrapolated value of the most probable position of the target in real time.
“Average output power” (6) means the total “laser” output energy in joules divided by the “laser duration” in seconds.
“Basic gate propagation delay time” (3) means the propagation delay time value corresponding to the basic gate used in a “monolithic integrated circuit”. For a ‘family’ of “monolithic integrated circuits”, this may be specified either as the propagation delay time per typical gate within the given ‘family’ or as the typical propagation delay time per gate within the given ‘family’.
Technical Notes:
1. “Basic gate propagation delay time” is not to be confused with the input/output delay time of a complex “monolithic integrated circuit”.
2. ‘Family’ consists of all integrated circuits to which all of the following are applied as their manufacturing methodology and specifications except their respective functions:
a. The common hardware and software architecture;
b. The common design and process technology; and
c. The common basic characteristics.
“Basic scientific research” (GTN NTN) means experimental or theoretical work undertaken principally to acquire new knowledge of the fundamental principles of phenomena or observable facts, not primarily directed towards a specific practical aim or objective.
“Bias” (accelerometer) (7) means the average over a specified time of accelerometer output measured at specified operating conditions that has no correlation with input acceleration or rotation. “Bias” is expressed in [m/s2, g]. (IEEE STD 528‑2001) (Micro g equals 1x10‑6 g).
“Bias” (gyro) (7) means the average over a specified time of gyro output measured at specified operating conditions that has no correlation with input rotation or acceleration. “Bias” is typically expressed in degrees per hour (deg/hr). (IEEE STD 528‑2001).
“Biocatalysts “(ML7 ML22) means enzymes for specific chemical or biochemical reactions or other biological compounds which bind to and accelerate the degradation of CW agents.
Technical Note:
‘Enzymes’ means “biocatalysts” for specific chemical or biochemical reactions.
“Biopolymers” (ML7 ML22) means biological macromolecules as follows:
a. Enzymes for specific chemical or biochemical reactions;
b. Antibodies, monoclonal, polyclonal or anti‑idiotypic;
c. Specially designed or specially processed receptors;
Technical Notes:
1. ‘Anti‑idiotypic antibodies’ means antibodies which bind to the specific antigen binding sites of other antibodies;
2. ‘Monoclonal antibodies’ means proteins which bind to one antigenic site and are produced by a single clone of cells;
3. ‘Polyclonal antibodies’ means a mixture of proteins which bind to the specific antigen and are produced by more than one clone of cells;
4. ‘Receptors’ means biological macromolecular structures capable of binding ligands, the binding of which affects physiological functions.
“Camming” (2), or axial displacement, means axial displacement in one revolution of the main spindle measured in a plane perpendicular to the spindle faceplate, at a point next to the circumference of the spindle faceplate (Reference: ISO 230/1 1986, paragraph 5.63).
“Carbon fibre preforms” (1) means an ordered arrangement of uncoated or coated fibres intended to constitute a framework of a part before the “matrix” is introduced to form a “composite”.
“CE” (4) is equivalent to “computing element”.
“CEP” (circle of equal probability) (7) is a measure of accuracy; the radius of the circle centred at the target, at a specific range, in which 50% of the payloads impact.
“Chemical laser” (6) means a “laser” in which the excited species is produced by the output energy from a chemical reaction.
“Chemical mixture” (1) means a solid, liquid or gaseous product made up of two or more components which do not react together under the conditions under which the mixture is stored.
“Circulation‑controlled anti‑torque or circulation controlled direction control systems” (7) are systems that use air blown over aerodynamic surfaces to increase or control the forces generated by the surfaces.
“Civil aircraft” (1 7 9 ML10) means those “aircraft” listed by designation in published airworthiness certification lists by the civil aviation authorities to fly commercial civil internal and external routes or for legitimate civil, private or business use.
N.B.: See also “aircraft”.
“Commingled” (1) means filament to filament blending of thermoplastic fibres and reinforcement fibres in order to produce a fibre reinforcement “matrix” mix in total fibre form.
“Comminution” (1) means a process to reduce a material to particles by crushing or grinding.
“Common channel signalling” (5) is a signalling method in which a single channel between exchanges conveys, by means of labelled messages, signalling information relating to a multiplicity of circuits or calls and other information such as that used for network management.
“Communications channel controller” (4) means the physical interface which controls the flow of synchronous or asynchronous digital information. It is an assembly that can be integrated into computer or telecommunications equipment to provide communications access.
“Compensation systems” (6) consist of the primary scalar sensor, one or more reference sensors (e.g., vector magnetometers) together with software that permit reduction of rigid body rotation noise of the platform.
“Composite” (1 2 6 8 9) means a “matrix” and an additional phase or additional phases consisting of particles, whiskers, fibres or any combination thereof, present for a specific purpose or purposes.
“Compound rotary table” (2) means a table allowing the workpiece to rotate and tilt about two non‑parallel axes, which can be coordinated simultaneously for “contouring control”.
“III/V compounds” (3) means polycrystalline or binary or complex monocrystalline products consisting of elements of groups IIIA and VA of Mendeleyev’s periodic classification table (e.g., gallium arsenide, gallium‑aluminium arsenide, indium phosphide).
“Computing element” (“CE”) (4) means the smallest computational unit that produces an arithmetic or logic result.
“Contouring control” (2) means two or more “numerically controlled” motions operating in accordance with instructions that specify the next required position and the required feed rates to that position. These feed rates are varied in relation to each other so that a desired contour is generated (ref. ISO/DIS 2806 ‑ 1980).
“Critical temperature” (1 3 6) (sometimes referred to as the transition temperature) of a specific “superconductive” material means the temperature at which the material loses all resistance to the flow of direct electrical current.
“Cryptography” (5) means the discipline which embodies principles, means and methods for the transformation of data in order to hide its information content, prevent its undetected modification or prevent its unauthorised use. “Cryptography” is limited to the transformation of information using one or more ‘secret parameters’ (e.g., crypto variables) or associated key management.
Technical Note:
‘Secret parameter’: a constant or key kept from the knowledge of others or shared only within a group.
“CW laser” (6) means a “laser” that produces a nominally constant output energy for greater than 0.25 seconds.
“Data‑Based Referenced Navigation” (“DBRN”) (7) Systems means systems which use various sources of previously measured geo‑mapping data integrated to provide accurate navigation information under dynamic conditions. Data sources include bathymetric maps, stellar maps, gravity maps, magnetic maps or 3‑D digital terrain maps.
“Deformable mirrors” (6) (also known as adaptive optic mirrors) means mirrors having:
a. A single continuous optical reflecting surface which is dynamically deformed by the application of individual torques or forces to compensate for distortions in the optical waveform incident upon the mirror; or
b. Multiple optical reflecting elements that can be individually and dynamically repositioned by the application of torques or forces to compensate for distortions in the optical waveform incident upon the mirror.
“Depleted uranium” (0) means uranium depleted in the isotope 235 below that occurring in nature.
“Development” (GTN NTN All) is related to all stages prior to serial production, such as: design, design research, design analyses, design concepts, assembly and testing of prototypes, pilot production schemes, design data, process of transforming design data into a product, configuration design, integration design, layouts.
“Diffusion bonding” (1 2 9) means a solid state molecular joining of at least two separate metals into a single piece with a joint strength equivalent to that of the weakest material.
“Digital computer” (4 5) means equipment which can, in the form of one or more discrete variables, perform all of the following:
a. Accept data;
b. Store data or instructions in fixed or alterable (writable) storage devices;
c. Process data by means of a stored sequence of instructions which is modifiable; and
d. Provide output of data.
Technical Note:
Modifications of a stored sequence of instructions include replacement of fixed storage devices, but not a physical change in wiring or interconnections.
“Digital transfer rate” (5) means the total bit rate of the information that is directly transferred on any type of medium.
N.B.: See also “total digital transfer rate”.
“Direct‑acting hydraulic pressing” (2) means a deformation process which uses a fluid‑filled flexible bladder in direct contact with the workpiece.
“Dynamic adaptive routing” (5) means automatic rerouting of traffic based on sensing and analysis of current actual network conditions.
N.B.: This does not include cases of routing decisions taken on predefined information.
“Dynamic signal analysers” (3) means “signal analysers” which use digital sampling and transformation techniques to form a Fourier spectrum display of the given waveform including amplitude and phase information.
N.B.: See also “signal analysers”.
“Effective gram” (1) of “special fissile material” means:
a. For plutonium isotopes and uranium‑233, the isotope weight in grams;
b. For uranium enriched 1 per cent or greater in the isotope uranium‑235, the element weight in grams multiplied by the square of its enrichment expressed as a decimal weight fraction;
c. For uranium enriched below 1 per cent in the isotope uranium‑235, the element weight in grams multiplied by 0.0001
“Electronic assembly” (2 3 4 5) means a number of electronic components (i.e., ‘circuit elements’, ‘discrete components’, integrated circuits, etc.) connected together to perform (a) specific function(s), replaceable as an entity and normally capable of being disassembled.
Technical Notes:
1. ‘Circuit element’: a single active or passive functional part of an electronic circuit, such as one diode, one transistor, one resistor, one capacitor, etc.
2. ‘Discrete component’: a separately packaged ‘circuit element’ with its own external connections.
“Electronically steerable phased array antenna” (5 6) means an antenna which forms a beam by means of phase coupling, (i.e., the beam direction is controlled by the complex excitation coefficients of the radiating elements) and the direction of that beam can be varied (both in transmission and reception) in azimuth or in elevation, or both, by application of an electrical signal.
“End‑effectors” (2 ML17) means grippers, ‘active tooling units’ and any other tooling that is attached to the baseplate on the end of a “robot” manipulator arm.
Technical Note:
‘Active tooling units’ are devices for applying motive power, process energy or sensing to the workpiece.
“Energetic materials” (ML 4 ML8 ML908 ML909) mean substances or mixtures that react chemically to release energy required for their intended application. “Explosives”, “pyrotechnics” and “propellants” are subclasses of energetic materials.
“Equivalent Density” (6) means the mass of an optic per unit optical area projected onto the optical surface.
“Expert systems” (7) mean systems providing results by application of rules to data which are stored independently of the “program” and capable of any of the following:
a. Modifying automatically the “source code” introduced by the user;
b. Providing knowledge linked to a class of problems in quasi‑natural language; or
c. Acquiring the knowledge required for their development (symbolic training).
“Explosives” (ML8 ML18 ML909) mean solid, liquid or gaseous substances or mixtures of substances which, in their application as primary, booster, or main charges in warheads, demolition and other applications, are required to detonate.
“Expression Vectors” (ML7) mean carriers (e.g., plasmid or virus) used to introduce genetic material into host cells.
“FADEC” is equivalent to “full authority digital engine control”.
“Fault tolerance” (4) is the capability of a computer system, after any malfunction of any of its hardware or “software” components, to continue to operate without human intervention, at a given level of service that provides: continuity of operation, data integrity and recovery of service within a given time.
“Fibrous or filamentary materials” (0 1 2 8) include:
a. Continuous “monofilaments”;
b. Continuous “yarns” and “rovings”;
c. “Tapes”, fabrics, random mats and braids;
d. Chopped fibres, staple fibres and coherent fibre blankets;
e. Whiskers, either monocrystalline or polycrystalline, of any length;
f. Aromatic polyamide pulp.
“Film type integrated circuit” (3) means an array of ‘circuit elements’ and metallic interconnections formed by deposition of a thick or thin film on an insulating “substrate”.
Technical Note:
‘Circuit element’ is a single active or passive functional part of an electronic circuit, such as one diode, one transistor, one resistor, one capacitor, etc.
“First generation image intensifier tubes” (ML15) means electrostatically focused tubes, employing input and output fibre optic or glass face plates, multi‑alkali photocathodes (S‑20 or S‑25), but not microchannel plate amplifiers.
“Fixed” (5) means that the coding or compression algorithm cannot accept externally supplied parameters (e.g., cryptographic or key variables) and cannot be modified by the user.
“Flight control optical sensor array” (7) is a network of distributed optical sensors, using “laser” beams, to provide real‑time flight control data for on‑board processing.
“Flight path optimisation” (7) is a procedure that minimises deviations from a four‑dimensional (space and time) desired trajectory based on maximising performance or effectiveness for mission tasks.
“Focal plane array” (6) means a linear or two‑dimensional planar layer, or combination of planar layers, of individual detector elements, with or without readout electronics, which work in the focal plane.
Note: This definition does not include a stack of single detector elements or any two, three or four element detectors provided time delay and integration is not performed within the element.
“Fractional bandwidth” (3) means the “instantaneous bandwidth” divided by the centre frequency, expressed as a percentage.
“Frequency hopping” (5) means a form of “spread spectrum” in which the transmission frequency of a single communication channel is made to change by a random or pseudo‑random sequence of discrete steps.
“Frequency switching time” (3 5) means the maximum time (i.e., delay), taken by a signal, when switched from one selected output frequency to another selected output frequency, to reach:
a. A frequency within 100 Hz of the final frequency; or
b. An output level within 1 dB of the final output level.
“Frequency synthesiser” (3) means any kind of frequency source or signal generator, regardless of the actual technique used, providing a multiplicity of simultaneous or alternative output frequencies, from one or more outputs, controlled by, derived from or disciplined by a lesser number of standard (or master) frequencies.
“Full Authority Digital Engine Control” (“FADEC”) (7 9) means an electronic control system for gas turbine or combined cycle engines utilising a digital computer to control the variables required to regulate engine thrust or shaft power output throughout the engine operating range from the beginning of fuel metering to fuel shutoff.
“Gas Atomisation” (1) means a process to reduce a molten stream of metal alloy to droplets of 500 µm diameter or less by a high pressure gas stream.
“Geographically dispersed” (6) ‑ Sensors are considered “geographically dispersed” when each location is distant from any other more than 1,500 m in any direction. Mobile sensors are always considered “geographically dispersed”.
“Guidance set” (7) means systems that integrate the process of measuring and computing a vehicle’s position and velocity (i.e. navigation) with that of computing and sending commands to the vehicle’s flight control systems to correct the trajectory.
“Hot isostatic densification” (2) means the process of pressurising a casting at temperatures exceeding 375 K (102°C) in a closed cavity through various media (gas, liquid, solid particles, etc.) to create equal force in all directions to reduce or eliminate internal voids in the casting.
“Hybrid computer” (4) means equipment which can perform all of the following:
a. Accept data;
b. Process data, in both analogue and digital representations; and
c. Provide output of data.
“Hybrid integrated circuit” (3) means any combination of integrated circuit(s), or integrated circuit with ‘circuit elements’ or ‘discrete components’ connected together to perform (a) specific function(s), and having all of the following characteristics:
a. Containing at least one unencapsulated device;
b. Connected together using typical IC production methods;
c. Replaceable as an entity; and
d. Not normally capable of being disassembled.
Technical Notes:
1. ‘Circuit element’: a single active or passive functional part of an electronic circuit, such as one diode, one transistor, one resistor, one capacitor, etc.
2. ‘Discrete component’: a separately packaged ‘circuit element’ with its own external connections.
“Image enhancement” (4) means the processing of externally derived information‑bearing images by algorithms such as time compression, filtering, extraction, selection, correlation, convolution or transformations between domains (e.g., fast Fourier transform or Walsh transform). This does not include algorithms using only linear or rotational transformation of a single image, such as translation, feature extraction, registration or false coloration.
“Immunotoxin” (1) is a conjugate of one cell specific monoclonal antibody and a “toxin” or “sub‑unit of toxin”, that selectively affects diseased cells.
“In the public domain” (GTN NTN GSN ML22), as it applies herein, means “technology” or “software” which has been made available without restrictions upon its further dissemination (copyright restrictions do not remove “technology” or “software” from being “in the public domain”).
“Information security” (4 5) is all the means and functions ensuring the accessibility, confidentiality or integrity of information or communications, excluding the means and functions intended to safeguard against malfunctions. This includes “cryptography”, ‘cryptanalysis’, protection against compromising emanations and computer security.
Technical Note:
‘Cryptanalysis’ is the analysis of a cryptographic system or its inputs and outputs to derive confidential variables or sensitive data, including clear text.
“Instantaneous bandwidth” (3 5 7) means the bandwidth over which output power remains constant within 3 dB without adjustment of other operating parameters.
“Instrumented range” (6) means the specified unambiguous display range of a radar.
“Insulation” (9) is applied to the components of a rocket motor, i.e. the case, nozzle, inlets, case closures, and includes cured or semi‑cured compounded rubber sheet stock containing an insulating or refractory material. It may also be incorporated as stress relief boots or flaps.
“Interconnected radar sensors” (6) means two or more radar sensors are interconnected when they mutually exchange data in real time.
“Interior lining” (9) is suited for the bond interface between the solid propellant and the case or insulating liner. Usually a liquid polymer based dispersion of refractory or insulating materials, e.g. carbon filled hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) or other polymer with added curing agents sprayed or screeded over a case interior.
“Intrinsic Magnetic Gradiometer” (6) is a single magnetic field gradient sensing element and associated electronics the output of which is a measure of magnetic field gradient.
N.B.: See also “magnetic gradiometer”.
“Isolated live cultures” (1) includes live cultures in dormant form and in dried preparations.
“Isostatic presses” (2) mean equipment capable of pressurising a closed cavity through various media (gas, liquid, solid particles, etc.) to create equal pressure in all directions within the cavity upon a workpiece or material.
“Laser” (0 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 ML5 ML9 ML19) is an assembly of components which produce both spatially and temporally coherent light that is amplified by stimulated emission of radiation.
N.B.: See also: “Chemical laser”;
“Q‑switched laser”;
“Super High Power Laser”;
“Transfer laser”.
“Laser duration” (6) means the time over which a “laser” emits “laser” radiation, which for “pulsed lasers” corresponds to the time over which a single pulse or series of consecutive pulses is emitted.
“Lighter‑than‑air vehicles” (ML10) mean balloons and airships that rely on hot air or on lighter‑than‑air gases such as helium or hydrogen for their lift.
“Linearity” (2) (usually measured in terms of non‑linearity) means the maximum deviation of the actual characteristic (average of upscale and downscale readings), positive or negative, from a straight line so positioned as to equalise and minimise the maximum deviations.
“Local area network” (4) is a data communication system having all of the following characteristics:
a. Allows an arbitrary number of independent ‘data devices’ to communicate directly with each other; and
b. Is confined to a geographical area of moderate size (e.g., office building, plant, campus, warehouse).
Technical Note:
‘Data device’ means equipment capable of transmitting or receiving sequences of digital information.
“Magnetic Gradiometers” (6) are instruments designed to detect the spatial variation of magnetic fields from sources external to the instrument. They consist of multiple “magnetometers” and associated electronics the output of which is a measure of magnetic field gradient.
N.B.: See also “intrinsic magnetic gradiometer”.
“Magnetometers” (6) are instruments designed to detect magnetic fields from sources external to the instrument. They consist of a single magnetic field sensing element and associated electronics the output of which is a measure of the magnetic field.
“Main storage” (4) means the primary storage for data or instructions for rapid access by a central processing unit. It consists of the internal storage of a “digital computer” and any hierarchical extension thereto, such as cache storage or non‑sequentially accessed extended storage.
“Materials resistant to corrosion by UF6” (0) may be copper, stainless steel, aluminium, aluminium oxide, aluminium alloys, nickel or alloy containing 60 weight percent or more nickel and UF6‑ resistant fluorinated hydrocarbon polymers, as appropriate for the type of separation process.
“Matrix” (1 2 8 9) means a substantially continuous phase that fills the space between particles, whiskers or fibres.
“Measurement uncertainty” (2) is the characteristic parameter which specifies in what range around the output value the correct value of the measurable variable lies with a confidence level of 95 %. It includes the uncorrected systematic deviations, the uncorrected backlash and the random deviations (Reference: ISO 10360‑2, or VDI/VDE 2617).
“Mechanical Alloying” (1) means an alloying process resulting from the bonding, fracturing and rebonding of elemental and master alloy powders by mechanical impact. Non‑metallic particles may be incorporated in the alloy by addition of the appropriate powders.
“Melt Extraction” (1) means a process to ‘solidify rapidly’ and extract a ribbon‑like alloy product by the insertion of a short segment of a rotating chilled block into a bath of a molten metal alloy.
N.B.: ‘Solidify rapidly’ means solidification of molten material at cooling rates exceeding 1,000 K/s.
“Melt Spinning” (1) means a process to ‘solidify rapidly’ a molten metal stream impinging upon a rotating chilled block, forming a flake, ribbon or rod‑like product.
N.B.: ‘Solidify rapidly’ means solidification of molten material at cooling rates exceeding 1,000 K/s.
“Microcomputer microcircuit” (3) means a “monolithic integrated circuit” or “multichip integrated circuit” containing an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) capable of executing general purpose instructions from an internal storage, on data contained in the internal storage.
Technical Note:
The internal storage may be augmented by an external storage.
“Microprocessor microcircuit” (3) means a “monolithic integrated circuit” or “multichip integrated circuit” containing an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) capable of executing a series of general purpose instructions from an external storage.
Technical Note:
The “microprocessor microcircuit” normally does not contain integral user‑accessible storage, although storage present on‑the‑chip may be used in performing its logic function.
Note: This definition includes chip sets which are designed to operate together to provide the function of a “microprocessor microcircuit”.
“Microorganisms” (1 2) means bacteria, viruses, mycoplasms, rickettsiae, chlamydiae or fungi, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of isolated live cultures or as material including living material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures.
“Missiles” (1 3 6 7 9) means complete rocket systems and unmanned aerial vehicle systems, capable of delivering at least 500 kg payload to a range of at least 300 km.
“Monofilament” (1) or filament is the smallest increment of fibre, usually several micrometres in diameter.
“Monolithic integrated circuit” (3) means a combination of passive or active ‘circuit elements’ or both which:
a. Are formed by means of diffusion processes, implantation processes or deposition processes in or on a single semiconducting piece of material, a so‑called ‘chip’;
b. Can be considered as indivisibly associated; and
c. Perform the function(s) of a circuit.
Technical Note:
‘Circuit element’ is a single active or passive functional part of an electronic circuit, such as one diode, one transistor, one resistor, one capacitor, etc.
“Monospectral imaging sensors” (6) are capable of acquisition of imaging data from one discrete spectral band.
“Multichip integrated circuit” (3) means two or more “monolithic integrated circuits” bonded to a common “substrate”.
“Multi‑data‑stream processing” (4) means the ‘microprogram’ or equipment architecture technique which permits simultaneous processing of two or more data sequences under the control of one or more instruction sequences by means such as:
a. Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) architectures such as vector or array processors;
b. Multiple Single Instruction Multiple Data (MSIMD) architectures;
c. Multiple Instruction Multiple Data (MIMD) architectures, including those which are tightly coupled, closely coupled or loosely coupled; or
d. Structured arrays of processing elements, including systolic arrays.
Technical Note:
‘Microprogram’ means a sequence of elementary instructions, maintained in a special storage, the execution of which is initiated by the introduction of its reference instruction into an instruction register.
“Multispectral imaging sensors” (6) are capable of simultaneous or serial acquisition of imaging data from two or more discrete spectral bands. Sensors having more than twenty discrete spectral bands are sometimes referred to as hyperspectral imaging sensors.
“Natural uranium” (0) means uranium containing the mixtures of isotopes occurring in nature.
“Network access controller” (4) means a physical interface to a distributed switching network. It uses a common medium which operates throughout at the same “digital transfer rate” using arbitration (e.g., token or carrier sense) for transmission. Independently from any other, it selects data packets or data groups (e.g., IEEE 802) addressed to it. It is an assembly that can be integrated into computer or telecommunications equipment to provide communications access.
“Neural computer” (4) means a computational device designed or modified to mimic the behaviour of a neuron or a collection of neurons, i.e., a computational device which is distinguished by its hardware capability to modulate the weights and numbers of the interconnections of a multiplicity of computational components based on previous data.
“Noise level” (6) means an electrical signal given in terms of power spectral density. The relation between “noise level” expressed in peak‑to‑peak is given by S 2 pp = 8No(f2‑f1), where Spp is the peak‑to‑peak value of the signal (e.g., nanoteslas), No is the power spectral density (e.g., (nanotesla)2/Hz) and (f2‑f1) defines the bandwidth of interest.
“Nuclear reactor” (0 ML17) means the items within or attached directly to the reactor vessel, the equipment which controls the level of power in the core, and the components which normally contain, come into direct contact with or control the primary coolant of the reactor core.
“Numerical control” (2) means the automatic control of a process performed by a device that makes use of numeric data usually introduced as the operation is in progress (ref. ISO 2382).
“Object code” (9) means an equipment executable form of a convenient expression of one or more processes (“source code” (source language)) which has been converted by programming system.
“Optical amplification” (5), in optical communications, means an amplification technique that introduces a gain of optical signals that have been generated by a separate optical source, without conversion to electrical signals, i.e., using semiconductor optical amplifiers, optical fibre luminescent amplifiers.
“Optical computer” (4) means a computer designed or modified to use light to represent data and whose computational logic elements are based on directly coupled optical devices.
“Optical integrated circuit” (3) means a “monolithic integrated circuit” or a “hybrid integrated circuit”, containing one or more parts designed to function as a photosensor or photoemitter or to perform (an) optical or (an) electro‑optical function(s).
“Optical switching” (5) means the routing of or switching of signals in optical form without conversion to electrical signals.
“Overall current density” (3) means the total number of ampere‑turns in the coil (i.e., the sum of the number of turns multiplied by the maximum current carried by each turn) divided by the total cross‑section of the coil (comprising the superconducting filaments, the metallic matrix in which the superconducting filaments are embedded, the encapsulating material, any cooling channels, etc.).
“Participating State” (7 9) is a state participating in the Wassenaar Arrangement. (See www.wassenaar.org)
“Peak power” (6), means the highest level of power attained in the “laser duration”.
“Personalized smart card” (5) means a smart card containing a microcircuit which has been programmed for a specific application and cannot be reprogrammed for any other application by the user.
“Power management” (7) means changing the transmitted power of the altimeter signal so that received power at the “aircraft” altitude is always at the minimum necessary to determine the altitude.
“Precursors” (ML8) means specialty chemicals used in the manufacture of military explosives.
“Pressure transducers” (2) are devices that convert pressure measurements into an electrical signal.
“Previously separated” (0 1) means the application of any process intended to increase the concentration of the controlled isotope.
“Primary flight control” (7) means an “aircraft” stability or manoeuvering control using force/moment generators, i.e., aerodynamic control surfaces or propulsive thrust vectoring.
“Principal element” (4), as it applies in Category 4, is a “principal element” when its replacement value is more than 35% of the total value of the system of which it is an element. Element value is the price paid for the element by the manufacturer of the system, or by the system integrator. Total value is the normal international selling price to unrelated parties at the point of manufacture or consolidation of shipment.
“Production” (GTN NTN All) means all production phases, such as: construction, production engineering, manufacture, integration, assembly (mounting), inspection, testing, quality assurance.
“Production equipment” (1 7 9) means tooling, templates, jigs, mandrels, moulds, dies, fixtures, alignment mechanisms, test equipment, other machinery and components therefor, limited to those specially designed or modified for “development” or for one or more phases of “production”.
“Production facilities” (7 9) means equipment and specially designed software therefor integrated into installations for “development” or for one or more phases of “production”.
“Program” (2 4 5 6) means a sequence of instructions to carry out a process in, or convertible into, a form executable by an electronic computer.
“Propellants” (ML8) Substances or mixtures that react chemically to produce large volumes of hot gases at controlled rates to perform mechanical work.
“Pulse compression” (6) means the coding and processing of a radar signal pulse of long time duration to one of short time duration, while maintaining the benefits of high pulse energy.
“Pulse duration” (6) is the duration of a “laser” pulse measured at Full Width Half Intensity (FWHI) levels.
“Pulsed laser” (6) means a “laser” having a “pulse duration” that is less than or equal to 0.25 seconds.
“Pyrotechnic(s)” (ML4 ML8 ML909) means mixtures of solid or liquid fuels and oxidizers which, when ignited, undergo an energetic chemical reaction at a controlled rate intended to produce specific time delays, or quantities of heat, noise, smoke, visible light or infrared radiation. Pyrophorics are a subclass of pyrotechnics, which contain no oxidizers but ignite spontaneously on contact with air.
“Quantum cryptography” (5) means a family of techniques for the establishment of a shared key for “cryptography” by measuring the quantum‑mechanical properties of a physical system (including those physical properties explicitly governed by quantum optics, quantum field theory, or quantum electrodynamics).
“Q‑switched laser” (6) means a “laser” in which the energy is stored in the population inversion or in the optical resonator and subsequently emitted in a pulse.
“Radar frequency agility” (6) means any technique which changes, in a pseudo‑random sequence, the carrier frequency of a pulsed radar transmitter between pulses or between groups of pulses by an amount equal to or larger than the pulse bandwidth.
“Radar spread spectrum” (6) means any modulation technique for spreading energy originating from a signal with a relatively narrow frequency band, over a much wider band of frequencies, by using random or pseudo‑random coding.
“Real‑time bandwidth” (2 3) for “dynamic signal analysers” is the widest frequency range which the analyser can output to display or mass storage without causing any discontinuity in the analysis of the input data. For analysers with more than one channel, the channel configuration yielding the widest “real‑time bandwidth” shall be used to make the calculation.
“Real time processing” (6 7) means the processing of data by a computer system providing a required level of service, as a function of available resources, within a guaranteed response time, regardless of the load of the system, when stimulated by an external event.
“Repeatability” (7) means the closeness of agreement among repeated measurements of the same variable under the same operating conditions when changes in conditions or non‑operating periods occur between measurements. (Reference: IEEE STD 528‑2001 (one sigma standard deviation)).
“Required” (GTN 1 9 ML22), as applied to “technology”, refers to only that portion of “technology” which is peculiarly responsible for achieving or extending the controlled performance levels, characteristics or functions. Such “required” “technology” may be shared by different goods.
“Resolution” (2) means the least increment of a measuring device; on digital instruments, the least significant bit (ref. ANSI B‑89.1.12).
“Riot control agents” (ML7) mean substances which, under the expected conditions of use for riot control purposes, rapidly produce in humans sensory irritation or disabling physical effects which disappear within a short time following termination of exposure. (Tear gases are a subset of “riot control agents”.)
“Robot” (2 8 ML17) means a manipulation mechanism, which may be of the continuous path or of the point‑to‑point variety, may use sensors, and has all the following characteristics:
a. Is multifunctional;
b. Is capable of positioning or orienting material, parts, tools or special devices through variable movements in three dimensional space;
c. Incorporates three or more closed or open loop servo‑devices which may include stepping motors; and
d. Has “user‑accessible programmability” by means of teach/playback method or by means of an electronic computer which may be a programmable logic controller, i.e., without mechanical intervention.
Note: The above definition does not include the following devices:
1. Manipulation mechanisms which are only manually / teleoperator controllable;
2. Fixed sequence manipulation mechanisms which are automated moving devices, operating according to mechanically fixed programmed motions. The program is mechanically limited by fixed stops, such as pins or cams. The sequence of motions and the selection of paths or angles are not variable or changeable by mechanical, electronic or electrical means;
3. Mechanically controlled variable sequence manipulation mechanisms which are automated moving devices, operating according to mechanically fixed programmed motions. The program is mechanically limited by fixed, but adjustable stops, such as pins or cams. The sequence of motions and the selection of paths or angles are variable within the fixed program pattern. Variations or modifications of the program pattern (e.g., changes of pins or exchanges of cams) in one or more motion axes are accomplished only through mechanical operations;
4. Non‑servo‑controlled variable sequence manipulation mechanisms which are automated moving devices, operating according to mechanically fixed programmed motions. The program is variable but the sequence proceeds only by the binary signal from mechanically fixed electrical binary devices or adjustable stops;
5. Stacker cranes defined as Cartesian coordinate manipulator systems manufactured as an integral part of a vertical array of storage bins and designed to access the contents of those bins for storage or retrieval.
“Rotary atomisation” (1) means a process to reduce a stream or pool of molten metal to droplets to a diameter of 500 µm or less by centrifugal force.
“Roving” (1) is a bundle (typically 12–120) of approximately parallel ‘strands’.
Technical Note:
‘Strand’ is a bundle of “monofilaments” (typically over 200) arranged approximately parallel.
“Run‑out” (2) (out‑of‑true running) means radial displacement in one revolution of the main spindle measured in a plane perpendicular to the spindle axis at a point on the external or internal revolving surface to be tested (Reference: ISO 230/1‑1986, paragraph 5.61).
“Scale factor” (gyro or accelerometer) (7) means the ratio of change in output to a change in the input intended to be measured. Scale factor is generally evaluated as the slope of the straight line that can be fitted by the method of least squares to input‑output data obtained by varying the input cyclically over the input range.
“Settling time” (3) means the time required for the output to come within one‑half bit of the final value when switching between any two levels of the converter.
“SHPL” (6) is equivalent to “super high power laser”.
“Signal analysers” (3) mean apparatus capable of measuring and displaying basic properties of the single‑frequency components of multi‑frequency signals.
“Signal processing” (3 4 5 6) means the processing of externally derived information‑bearing signals by algorithms such as time compression, filtering, extraction, selection, correlation, convolution or transformations between domains (e.g., fast Fourier transform or Walsh transform).
“Software” (GSN All) means a collection of one or more “programs” or ‘microprograms’ fixed in any tangible medium of expression.
N.B.: ‘Microprogram’ means a sequence of elementary instructions, maintained in a special storage, the execution of which is initiated by the introduction of its reference instruction into an instruction register.
“Source code” (or source language) (4 6 7 9) is a convenient expression of one or more processes which may be turned by a programming system into equipment executable form (“object code” (or object language)).
“Spacecraft” (7 9) means active and passive satellites and space probes.
“Space qualified” (3 6) refers to products designed, manufactured and tested to meet the special electrical, mechanical or environmental requirements for use in the launch and deployment of satellites or high altitude flight systems operating at altitudes of 100 km or higher.
“Special fissile material” (0) means plutonium‑239, uranium‑233, “uranium enriched in the isotopes 235 or 233”, and any material containing the foregoing.
“Specific modulus” (0 1 9) is Young’s modulus in pascals, equivalent to N/m2 divided by specific weight in N/m3, measured at a temperature of (296 + 2) K ((23 + 2)oC) and a relative humidity of (50 + 5)%.
“Specific tensile strength” (0 1 9) is ultimate tensile strength in pascals, equivalent to N/m2 divided by specific weight in N/m3, measured at a temperature of (296 + 2) K ((23 + 2)oC) and a relative humidity of (50 + 5)%.
“Splat Quenching” (1) means a process to ‘solidify rapidly’ a molten metal stream impinging upon a chilled block, forming a flake‑like product.
N.B.: ‘Solidify rapidly’ means solidification of molten material at cooling rates exceeding 1,000 K/s.
“Spread spectrum” (5) means the technique whereby energy in a relatively narrow‑band communication channel is spread over a much wider energy spectrum.
“Spread spectrum” radar (6) — see “Radar spread spectrum”.
“Stability” (7) means the standard deviation (1 sigma) of the variation of a particular parameter from its calibrated value measured under stable temperature conditions. This can be expressed as a function of time.
“States (not) Party to the Chemical Weapon Convention” (1) are those states for which the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons has (not) entered into force. (See www.opcw.org)
“Substrate” (3) means a sheet of base material with or without an interconnection pattern and on which or within which ‘discrete components’ or integrated circuits or both can be located.
Technical Notes:
1. ‘Discrete component’: a separately packaged ‘circuit element’ with its own external connections.
2. ‘Circuit element’: a single active or passive functional part of an electronic circuit, such as one diode, one transistor, one resistor, one capacitor, etc.
“Substrate blanks” (6) means monolithic compounds with dimensions suitable for the production of optical elements such as mirrors or optical windows.
“Sub‑unit of toxin” (1) is a structurally and functionally discrete component of a whole “toxin”.
“Superalloys” (2 9) mean nickel‑, cobalt‑ or iron‑base alloys having strengths superior to any alloys in the AISI 300 series at temperatures over 922 K (649oC) under severe environmental and operating conditions.
“Superconductive” (1 3 6 8 ML18 ML20) means materials, i.e., metals, alloys or compounds, which can lose all electrical resistance, i.e., which can attain infinite electrical conductivity and carry very large electrical currents without Joule heating.
Technical Note:
The “superconductive” state of a material is individually characterised by a “critical temperature”, a critical magnetic field, which is a function of temperature, and a critical current density which is, however, a function of both magnetic field and temperature.
“Super High Power Laser” (“SHPL”) (6) means a “laser” capable of delivering (the total or any portion of) the output energy exceeding 1 kJ within 50 ms or having an average or CW power exceeding 20 kW.
“Superplastic forming” (1 2) means a deformation process using heat for metals that are normally characterised by low values of elongation (less than 20%) at the breaking point as determined at room temperature by conventional tensile strength testing, in order to achieve elongations during processing which are at least 2 times those values.
“Symmetric algorithm” (5) means a cryptographic algorithm using an identical key for both encryption and decryption.
Technical Note:
A common use of “symmetric algorithms” is confidentiality of data.
“System tracks” (6) means processed, correlated (fusion of radar target data to flight plan position) and updated aircraft flight position report available to the Air Traffic Control centre controllers.
“Systolic array computer” (4) means a computer where the flow and modification of the data is dynamically controllable at the logic gate level by the user.
“Tape” (1) is a material constructed of interlaced or unidirectional “monofilaments”, ‘strands’, “rovings”, “tows”, or “yarns”, etc., usually preimpregnated with resin.
Technical Note:
‘Strand’ is a bundle of “monofilaments” (typically over 200) arranged approximately parallel.
“Technology” (GTN NTN All) means specific information necessary for the “development”, “production” or “use” of a product. This information takes the form of ‘technical data’ or ‘technical assistance’. Controlled “technology” for the Dual‑Use List is defined in the General Technology Note and in the Dual‑Use List. Controlled “technology” for the Munitions List is specified in ML22.
Technical Notes:
1. ‘Technical data’ may take forms such as blueprints, plans, diagrams, models, formulae, tables, engineering designs and specifications, manuals and instructions written or recorded on other media or devices such as disk, tape, read‑only memories.
2. ‘Technical assistance’ may take forms such as instruction, skills, training, working knowledge and consulting services. ‘Technical assistance’ may involve the transfer of ‘technical data’.
“Tilting spindle” (2) means a tool‑holding spindle which alters, during the machining process, the angular position of its centre line with respect to any other axis.
“Time constant” (6) is the time taken from the application of a light stimulus for the current increment to reach a value of 1‑1/e times the final value (i.e., 63% of the final value).
“Total control of flight” (7) means an automated control of “aircraft” state variables and flight path to meet mission objectives responding to real time changes in data regarding objectives, hazards or other “aircraft”.
“Total digital transfer rate” (5) means the number of bits, including line coding, overhead and so forth per unit time passing between corresponding equipment in a digital transmission system.
N.B.: See also “digital transfer rate”.
“Tow” (1) is a bundle of “monofilaments”, usually approximately parallel.
“Toxins” (1 2) means toxins in the form of deliberately isolated preparations or mixtures, no matter how produced, other than toxins present as contaminants of other materials such as pathological specimens, crops, foodstuffs or seed stocks of “microorganisms”.
“Transfer laser” (6) means a “laser” in which the lasing species is excited through the transfer of energy by collision of a non‑lasing atom or molecule with a lasing atom or molecule species.
“Tunable” (6) means the ability of a “laser” to produce a continuous output at all wavelengths over a range of several “laser” transitions. A line selectable “laser” produces discrete wavelengths within one “laser” transition and is not considered “tunable”.
“Unmanned aerial vehicle” (“UAV”) (9) means any “aircraft” capable of initiating flight and sustaining controlled flight and navigation without any human presence on board.
“Uranium enriched in the isotopes 235 or 233” (0) means uranium containing the isotopes 235 or 233, or both, in an amount such that the abundance ratio of the sum of these isotopes to the isotope 238 is more than the ratio of the isotope 235 to the isotope 238 occurring in nature (isotopic ratio 0.71 per cent).
“Use” (GTN NTN 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 ML21 ML22) means operation, installation (including on‑site installation), maintenance (checking), repair, overhaul and refurbishing.
“User‑accessible programmability” (6) means the facility allowing a user to insert, modify or replace “programs” by means other than:
a. A physical change in wiring or interconnections; or
b. The setting of function controls including entry of parameters.
“Vaccine” (1) is a medicinal product in a pharmaceutical formulation licensed by, or having marketing or clinical trial authorisation from, the regulatory authorities of either the country of manufacture or of use, which is intended to stimulate a protective immunological response in humans or animals in order to prevent disease in those to whom or to which it is administered.
“Vacuum Atomisation” (1) means a process to reduce a molten stream of metal to droplets of a diameter of 500 micrometre or less by the rapid evolution of a dissolved gas upon exposure to a vacuum.
“Variable geometry airfoils” (7) means the use of trailing edge flaps or tabs, or leading edge slats or pivoted nose droop, the position of which can be controlled in flight.
“Yarn” (1) is a bundle of twisted ‘strands’.
Technical Note:
‘Strand’ is a bundle of “monofilaments” (typically over 200) arranged approximately parallel.
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
An acronym or abbreviation, when used as a defined term, will be found in the ‘Definitions of Terms’ section.
| ACRONYM OR ABBREVIATION | MEANING |
| ABEC | Annular Bearing Engineers Committee |
| AGMA | American Gear Manufacturers’ Association |
| AHRS | attitude and heading reference systems |
| AISI | American Iron and Steel Institute |
| ALU | arithmetic logic unit |
| ANSI | American National Standards Institute |
| ASNO | Australian Safeguards and Non‑proliferation Office |
| ASTM | the American Society for Testing and Materials |
| ATC | air traffic control |
| AVLIS | atomic vapour laser isotope separation |
| C3I | command, communications, control & intelligence |
| CAD | computer‑aided‑design |
| CAS | Chemical Abstracts Service |
| CCITT | International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee |
| CDU | control and display unit |
| CEP | circular error probable |
| CNTD | controlled nucleation thermal deposition |
| CRISLA | chemical reaction by isotope selective laser activation. |
| CVD | chemical vapour deposition |
| CW | chemical warfare |
| CW (for lasers) | continuous wave |
| DEW | directed energy weapon systems |
| DME | distance measuring equipment |
| DS | directionally solidified |
| EB‑PVD | electron beam physical vapour deposition |
| EBU | European Broadcasting Union |
| ECM | electro‑chemical machining |
| ECR | electron cyclotron resonance |
| EDM | electrical discharge machines |
| EEPROMS | electrically erasable programmable read only memory |
| EIA | Electronic Industries Association |
| EMC | electromagnetic compatibility |
| EMCDB | elastomer modified cast double based propellants | |
| FFT | Fast Fourier Transform |
| GLONASS | global navigation satellite system |
| GNSS | global navigation satellite system |
| GPS | global positioning system |
| HBT | hetero‑bipolar transistors |
| HDDR | high density digital recording |
| HEMT | high electron mobility transistors |
| ICAO | International Civil Aviation Organisation |
| IEC | International Electro‑technical Commission |
| IEEE | Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers |
| IFOV | instantaneous‑field‑of‑view |
| ILS | instrument landing system |
| IRIG | inter‑range instrumentation group |
| ISA | international standard atmosphere |
| ISAR | inverse synthetic aperture radar |
| ISO | International Organization for Standardization |
| ITU | International Telecommunication Union |
| JIS | Japanese Industrial Standard |
| JT | Joule‑Thomson |
| LIDAR | light detection and ranging |
| LRU | line replaceable unit |
| MAC | message authentication code |
| Mach | ratio of speed of an object to speed of sound (after Ernst Mach) |
| MLIS | molecular laser isotopic separation |
| MLS | microwave landing systems |
| MOCVD | metal organic chemical vapour deposition |
| MPEG | Moving Picture Experts Group (ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11) |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| MTBF | mean‑time‑between‑failures |
| MTTF | mean‑time‑to‑failure |
| NBC | Nuclear, Biological and Chemical |
| NDT | non‑destructive test |
| PAR | precision approach radar |
| PIN | personal identification number |
| ppm | parts per million |
| PSD | power spectral density |
| QAM | quadrature‑amplitude‑modulation |
| RF | radio frequency |
| RPV | remotely piloted air vehicle |
| SACMA | Suppliers of Advanced Composite Materials Association |
| SAR | synthetic aperture radar |
| SC | single crystal |
| SLAR | sidelooking airborne radar |
| SMPTE | Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers |
| SRA | shop replaceable assembly |
| SRAM | static random access memory |
| SRM | SACMA Recommended Methods |
| SSB | single sideband |
| SSR | secondary surveillance radar |
| TCSEC | trusted computer system evaluation criteria |
| TIR | total indicated reading |
| UAV | unmanned aerial vehicle |
| UTS | ultimate tensile strength |
| UV | ultraviolet |
| VOR | very high frequency omni‑directional range |
| YAG | yttrium/aluminium garnet |
Note 1 Terms in “quotations” are defined terms. Refer to the ‘Definitions of Terms’ section.
Note 2 Chemicals are listed by name and CAS number. Chemicals of the same structural formula (including hydrates) are controlled regardless of name or CAS number. CAS numbers are shown to assist in identifying whether a particular chemical or mixture is controlled, irrespective of nomenclature. CAS numbers cannot be used as unique identifiers because some forms of the listed chemical have different CAS numbers, and mixtures containing a listed chemical may also have different CAS numbers.
ML1. Smooth‑bore weapons with a calibre of less than 20 mm, other arms and automatic weapons with a calibre of 12.7 mm (calibre 0.50 inches) or less and accessories, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
a. Rifles, carbines, revolvers, pistols, machine pistols and machine guns:
Note ML1.a. does not control the following:
1. Muskets, rifles and carbines manufactured earlier than 1938;
2. Reproductions of muskets, rifles and carbines the originals of which were manufactured earlier than 1890;
3. Revolvers, pistols and machine guns manufactured earlier than 1890, and their reproductions;
N.B:. For these goods and specially designed components therefor, see Items ML901, ML903 and ML904.
b. Smooth‑bore weapons, as follows:
1. Smooth‑bore weapons specially designed for military use;
2. Other smooth‑bore weapons, as follows:
a. Of the fully automatic type;
b. Of the semi‑automatic or pump‑action type;
c. Weapons using caseless ammunition;
d. Silencers, special gun‑mountings, clips, weapons sights and flash suppressors for arms controlled by sub‑items ML1.a., ML1.b. or ML1.c.
Note 1 ML1. does not control smooth‑bore weapons used for hunting or sporting purposes. These weapons must not be specially designed for military use or of the fully automatic firing type. For these, see Item ML901.
Note 2 ML1. does not control firearms specially designed for dummy ammunition and which are incapable of firing any controlled ammunition. For these, see Item ML901.
ML1. continued
Note 3 ML1. does not control weapons using non‑centre fire cased ammunition and which are not of the fully automatic firing type. For these, see Item ML901.
Note 4 ML1.d. does not control optical weapon sights without electronic image processing, with a magnification of 4 times or less, provided they are not specially designed or modified for military use.
ML2. Smooth‑bore weapons with a calibre of 20 mm or more, other weapons or armament with a calibre greater than 12.7 mm (calibre 0.50 inches), projectors and accessories, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
a. Guns, howitzers, cannon, mortars, anti‑tank weapons, projectile launchers, military flame throwers, rifles, recoilless rifles, smooth‑bore weapons and signature reduction devices therefor;
Note 1 ML2.a. includes injectors, metering devices, storage tanks and other specially designed components for use with liquid propelling charges for any of the equipment controlled by ML2.a.
Note 2 ML2.a. does not control the following:
1. Muskets, rifles and carbines manufactured earlier than 1938;
2. Reproductions of muskets, rifles and carbines the originals of which were manufactured earlier than 1890.
b. Military smoke, gas and pyrotechnic projectors or generators.
Note ML2.b. does not control signal pistols.
c. Weapons sights.
ML3. Ammunition and fuze setting devices, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
a. Ammunition for the weapons controlled by ML1., ML2. or ML12.;
b. Fuze setting devices specially designed for ammunition controlled by ML3.a.
Note 1 Specially designed components include:
a. Metal or plastic fabrications such as primer anvils, bullet cups, cartridge links, rotating bands and munitions metal parts;
b. Safing and arming devices, fuzes, sensors and initiation devices;
c. Power supplies with high one‑time operational output;
d. Combustible cases for charges;
e. Submunitions including bomblets, minelets and terminally guided projectiles.
ML3. continued
Note 2 ML3.a. does not control ammunition crimped without a projectile (blank star) and dummy ammunition with a pierced powder chamber. For this, and other ammunition not covered by Item ML3, see Item ML902.
Note 3 ML3.a. does not control cartridges specially designed for any of the following purposes:
a. Signalling;
b. Bird scaring; or
c. Lighting of gas flares at oil wells.
ML4. Bombs, torpedoes, rockets, missiles, other explosive devices and charges and related equipment and accessories, as follows, specially designed for military use, and specially designed components therefor:
N.B.: For guidance and navigation equipment, see ML11, Note 7.
a. Bombs, torpedoes, grenades, smoke canisters, rockets, mines, missiles, depth charges, demolition‑charges, demolition‑devices and demolition‑kits, “pyrotechnic” devices, cartridges and simulators (i.e. equipment simulating the characteristics of any of these items);
Note ML4.a. includes:
1. Smoke grenades, fire bombs, incendiary bombs and explosive devices;
2. Missile rocket nozzles and re‑entry vehicle nosetips.
b. Equipment having all of the following:
1. Specially designed for military use; and
2. Specially designed for the handling, controlling, activating, powering with one‑time operational output, launching, laying, sweeping, discharging, decoying, jamming, detonating, disrupting, disposing or detecting of any of the following:
a. Items specified by ML4.a.; or
b. Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs).
Note 1 ML4.b. includes:
a. Mobile gas liquefying equipment capable of producing 1,000 kg or more per day of gas in liquid form;
b. Buoyant electric conducting cable suitable for sweeping magnetic mines.
Note 2 ML4.b. does not apply to hand‑held devices limited by design solely to the detection of metal objects and incapable of distinguishing between mines and other metal objects.
ML4. continued
c. Aircraft Missile Protection Systems (AMPS).
Note ML4.c. does not apply to AMPS having all of the following:
a. Any of the following missile warning sensors:
1. Passive sensors having peak response between 100‑400 nm; or
2. Active pulsed Doppler missile warning sensors;
b. Countermeasures dispensing systems;
c. Flares, which exhibit both a visible signature and an infrared signature, for decoying surface‑to‑air missiles; and
d. Installed on “civil aircraft” and having all of the following:
1. The AMPS is only operable in a specific “civil aircraft” in which the specific AMPS is installed and for which any of the following has been issued:
a. A civil Type Certificate; or
b. An equivalent document recognised by the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO);
2. The AMPS employs protection to prevent unauthorised access to “software”; and
3. The AMPS incorporates an active mechanism that forces the system not to function when it is removed from the “civil aircraft” in which it was installed.
ML5. Fire control, and related alerting and warning equipment, and related systems, test and alignment and countermeasure equipment, as follows, specially designed for military use, and specially designed components and accessories therefor:
a. Weapon sights, bombing computers, gun laying equipment and weapon control systems;
b. Target acquisition, designation, range‑finding, surveillance or tracking systems; detection, data fusion, recognition or identification equipment; and sensor integration equipment;
c. Countermeasure equipment for items controlled by ML5.a. or ML5.b.
d. Field test or alignment equipment, specially designed for items controlled by ML5.a. or ML5.b.
ML6. Ground vehicles and components, as follows:
N.B.: For guidance and navigation equipment, see ML11, Note 7.
a. Ground vehicles and components therefor, specially designed or modified for military use;
Technical Note
For the purposes of ML6.a. the term ground vehicles includes trailers.
ML6.continued
b. All wheel‑drive vehicles capable of off‑road use which have been manufactured or fitted with materials to provide ballistic protection to level III (NIJ 0108.01, September 1985, or comparable national standard) or better.
N.B.: See also ML13.a.
Note 1 ML6.a. includes:
a. Tanks and other military armed vehicles and military vehicles fitted with mountings for arms or equipment for mine laying or the launching of munitions controlled under ML4;
b. Armoured vehicles;
c. Amphibious and deep water fording vehicles;
d. Recovery vehicles and vehicles for towing or transporting ammunition or weapon systems and associated load handling equipment.
Note 2 Modification of a ground vehicle for military use controlled by ML6.a. entails a structural, electrical or mechanical change involving one or more specially designed military components. Such components include:
a. Pneumatic tyre casings of a kind specially designed to be bullet‑proof or to run when deflated;
b. Tyre inflation pressure control systems, operated from inside a moving vehicle;
c. Armoured protection of vital parts, (e.g., fuel tanks or vehicle cabs);
d. Special reinforcements or mountings for weapons;
e. Black‑out lighting.
Note 3 ML6. does not control civil automobiles or trucks designed or modified for transporting money or valuables, having armoured or ballistic protection.
ML7. Chemical or biological toxic agents, “riot control agents”, radioactive materials, related equipment, components, and materials, as follows:
a. Biological agents and radioactive materials “adapted for use in war” to produce casualties in humans or animals, degrade equipment or damage crops or the environment;
b. Chemical warfare (CW) agents including:
1. CW nerve agents:
a. O‑Alkyl (equal to or less than C10, including cycloalkyl) alkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n‑Propyl or Isopropyl) ‑ phosphonofluoridates, such as:
Sarin (GB):O‑Isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate
(CAS 107‑44‑8); and
Soman (GD):O‑Pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate
(CAS 96‑64‑0);
b. O‑Alkyl (equal to or less than C10, including cycloalkyl)
N,N‑dialkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n‑Propyl or Isopropyl) phosphoramidocyanidates, such as: Tabun (GA):O‑Ethyl
N,N‑dimethylphosphoramidocyanidate
(CAS 77‑81‑6);
ML7. continued
c. O‑Alkyl (H or equal to or less than C10, including cycloalkyl)
S‑2‑dialkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n‑Propyl or Isopropyl)‑aminoethyl alkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n‑Propyl or Isopropyl) phosphonothiolates and corresponding alkylated and protonated salts, such as:
VX: O‑Ethyl S‑2‑diisopropylaminoethyl methyl phosphonothiolate (CAS 50782‑69‑9);
2. CW vesicant agents:
a. Sulphur mustards, such as:
1. 2‑Chloroethylchloromethylsulphide (CAS 2625‑76‑5);
2. Bis(2‑chloroethyl) sulphide (CAS 505‑60‑2);
3. Bis(2‑chloroethylthio) methane (CAS 63869‑13‑6);
4. 1,2‑bis (2‑chloroethylthio) ethane (CAS 3563‑36‑8);
5. 1,3‑bis (2‑chloroethylthio) ‑n‑propane (CAS 63905‑10‑2);
6. 1,4‑bis (2‑chloroethylthio) ‑n‑butane (CAS 142868‑93‑7);
7. 1,5‑bis (2‑chloroethylthio) ‑n‑pentane (CAS 142868‑94‑8);
8. Bis (2‑chloroethylthiomethyl) ether (CAS 63918‑90‑1);
9. Bis (2‑chloroethylthioethyl) ether (CAS 63918‑89‑8);
b. Lewisites, such as:
1. 2‑chlorovinyldichloroarsine (CAS 541‑25‑3);
2. Tris (2‑chlorovinyl) arsine (CAS 40334‑70‑1);
3. Bis (2‑chlorovinyl) chloroarsine (CAS 40334‑69‑8);
c. Nitrogen mustards, such as:
1. HN1: bis (2‑chloroethyl) ethylamine (CAS 538‑07‑8);
2. HN2: bis (2‑chloroethyl) methylamine (CAS 51‑75‑2);
3. HN3: tris (2‑chloroethyl) amine (CAS 555‑77‑1);
3. CW incapacitating agents, such as:
a. 3‑Quinuclidinyl benzilate (BZ) (CAS 6581‑06‑2);
Note 1: For exports to “States not Party to the Chemical Weapons Convention”, ML7 does not control “chemical mixtures” containing 3‑Quinuclindinyl benzilate (BZ) in which BZ does not constitute more than 1% by the weight of the mixture.
Note 2: For exports to “States Party to the Chemical Weapons Convention”, ML7 does not control “chemical mixtures” containing 3‑Quinuclindinyl benzilate (BZ) in which BZ does not constitute more than 30% by the weight of the mixture.
4. CW defoliants, such as:
a. Butyl 2‑chloro‑4‑fluorophenoxyacetate (LNF);
b. 2,4,5‑trichlorophenoxyacetic acid mixed with
2,4‑dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (Agent Orange).
ML7. continued
c. CW binary precursors and key precursors, as follows:
1. Alkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n‑Propyl or Isopropyl Phosphonyl Difluorides, such as: DF: Methyl Phosphonyldifluoride (CAS 676‑99‑3);
2. O‑Alkyl (H or equal to or less than C10, including cycloalkyl) O‑2‑dialkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n‑Propyl or Isopropyl) aminoethyl alkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n‑Propyl or Isopropyl) phosphonites and corresponding alkylated and protonated salts, such as:
QL: O‑Ethyl‑2‑di‑isopropylaminoethyl methylphosphonite
(CAS 57856‑11‑8);
3. Chlorosarin: O‑Isopropyl methylphosphonochloridate
(CAS 1445‑76‑7);
4. Chlorosoman: O‑Pinacolyl methylphosphonochloridate
(CAS 7040‑57‑5);
d. “Riot control agents”, active constituent chemicals and combinations thereof, including:
1. a‑Bromobenzeneacetonitrile, (Bromobenzyl cyanide) (CA)
(CAS 5798‑79‑8);
2. [(2‑chlorophenyl) methylene] propanedinitrile,
(o‑Chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile) (CS) (CAS 2698‑41‑1);
3. 2‑Chloro‑1‑phenylethanone, Phenylacyl chloride
(w‑chloroacetophenone) (CN) (CAS 532‑27‑4);
4. Dibenz‑(b,f)‑1,4‑oxazephine, (CR) (CAS 257‑07‑8);
5. 10‑Chloro‑5,10‑dihydrophenarsazine, (Phenarsazine chloride), (Adamsite), (DM) (CAS 578‑94‑9);
6. N‑Nonanoylmorpholine, (MPA) (CAS 5299‑64‑9);
Note 1 ML7.d. does not control “riot control agents” individually packaged for personal self defence purposes.
Note 2 ML7.d. does not control active constituent chemicals, and combinations thereof identified and packaged for food production or medical purposes.
e. Equipment specially designed or modified for military use, for the dissemination of any of the following and specially designed components therefor:
1. Materials or agents controlled by ML7.a., ML7.b. or d.; or
2. CW made up of precursors controlled by ML7.c.
f. Protective and decontamination equipment, specially designed components therefor, and specially formulated chemical mixtures, as follows:
1. Equipment, specially designed or modified for military use, for defence against materials controlled by ML7.a., ML7.b. or d. and specially designed components therefor;
2. Equipment, specially designed or modified for military use, for the decontamination of objects contaminated with materials controlled by ML7.a. or ML7.b. and specially designed components therefor;
ML7.f. continued
3. Chemical mixtures specially developed/formulated for the decontamination of objects contaminated with materials controlled by ML7.a. or ML7.b.;
Note ML7.f.1. includes:
a. Air conditioning units specially designed or modified for nuclear, biological or chemical filtration;
b. Protective clothing.
N.B.: For civil gas masks, protective and decontamination equipment see also entry 1A004.
g. Equipment, specially designed or modified for military use, for the detection or identification of materials controlled by ML7.a., ML7.b. or d. and specially designed components therefor;
Note ML7.g. does not control personal radiation monitoring dosimeters.
N.B.: See also entry 1A004.
h. “Biopolymers” specially designed or processed for the detection or identification of CW agents controlled by ML7.b., and the cultures of specific cells used to produce them;
i. “Biocatalysts” for the decontamination or degradation of CW agents, and biological systems therefor, as follows:
1. “Biocatalysts” specially designed for the decontamination or degradation of CW agents controlled by ML7.b. resulting from directed laboratory selection or genetic manipulation of biological systems;
2. Biological systems, as follows: “expression vectors”, viruses or cultures of cells containing the genetic information specific to the production of “biocatalysts” controlled by ML7.i.1..
Note 1 ML7.b. and ML7.d. do not control:
a. Cyanogen chloride (CAS 506‑77‑4);
b. Hydrocyanic acid (CAS 74‑90‑8);
c. Chlorine (CAS 7782‑50‑5);
d. Carbonyl chloride (phosgene) (CAS 75‑44‑5);
e. Diphosgene (trichloromethyl‑chloroformate) (CAS 503‑38‑8);
f. Deleted;
g. Xylyl bromide, ortho: (CAS 89‑92‑9), meta: (CAS 620‑13‑3), para: (CAS 104‑81‑4);
h. Benzyl bromide (CAS 100‑39‑0);
i. Benzyl iodide (CAS 620‑05‑3);
j. Bromo acetone (CAS 598‑31‑2);
k. Cyanogen bromide (CAS 506‑68‑3);
l. Bromo methylethylketone (CAS 816‑40‑0);
m. Chloro acetone (CAS 78‑95‑5);
n. Ethyl iodoacetate (CAS 623‑48‑3);
o. Iodo acetone (CAS 3019‑04‑3);
p. Chloropicrin (CAS 76‑06‑2).
ML7. continued
Note 2 The cultures of cells and biological systems listed in ML7.h. and ML7.i.2. are exclusive and these sub‑items do not control cells or biological systems for civil purposes, such as agricultural, pharmaceutical, medical, veterinary, environmental, waste management, or in the food industry.
Note 3 The export of chemicals listed in ML7.b.1 and b.2, ML7.c.1, c.2, c.3 and c.4 in any concentration requires permission and prior consultation with ASNO.
Note 4 ML7 does not control “chemical mixtures” containing one or more of the chemicals specified in entries ML7.b.4, ML7.d.1, d.2, d.3, d.4, d.5 and d.6 in which no individually specified chemical constitutes more than 30% by the weight of the mixture.
N.B.: See also entries 1A004, 1C350, 1C351, 1C352, 1C353, 1C354 and 1C450.
ML8. “Energetic materials”, and related substances, as follows:
N.B.: See also entry 1C011.
Technical Notes:
1. For the purposes of this entry, mixture refers to a composition of two or more substances with at least one substance being listed in the ML8 sub‑items.
2. Any substance listed in the ML8 sub‑items is controlled by this list, even when utilized in an application other than that indicated. (e.g., TAGN is predominantly used as an explosive but can also be used either as a fuel or an oxidizer.)
a. “Explosives”, as follows, and mixtures thereof:
1. ADNBF (aminodinitrobenzofuroxan or 7‑amino‑4,6‑dinitrobenzofurazane‑1‑oxide) (CAS 97096‑78‑1);
2. BNCP (cis‑bis (5‑nitrotetrazolato) tetra amine‑cobalt (III) perchlorate) (CAS 117412‑28‑9);
3. CL‑14 (diamino dinitrobenzofuroxan or 5,7‑diamino‑4,6‑dinitrobenzofurazane‑1‑oxide ) (CAS 117907‑74‑1);
4. CL‑20 (HNIW or Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane) (CAS 135285‑90‑4); chlathrates of CL‑20 (see also ML8.g.3. and g.4. for its “precursors”);
5. CP (2‑(5‑cyanotetrazolato) penta amine‑cobalt (III) perchlorate)
(CAS 70247‑32‑4);
6. DADE (1,1‑diamino‑2,2‑dinitroethylene, FOX7);
7. DATB (diaminotrinitrobenzene) (CAS 1630‑08‑6);
8. DDFP (1,4‑dinitrodifurazanopiperazine);
9. DDPO (2,6‑diamino‑3,5‑dinitropyrazine‑1‑oxide, PZO) (CAS 194486‑77‑6);
10. DIPAM (3,3¢‑diamino‑2,2¢,4,4¢,6,6¢‑hexanitrobiphenyl or dipicramide) (CAS 17215‑44‑0);
11. DNGU (DINGU or dinitroglycoluril) (CAS 55510‑04‑8);
ML8.a. continued
12. Furazans, as follows:
a. DAAOF (diaminoazoxyfurazan);
b. DAAzF (diaminoazofurazan) (CAS 78644‑90‑3);
13. HMX and derivatives (see also ML8.g.5. for its “precursors”), as follows:
a. HMX (Cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine, octahydro‑1,3,5,7‑tetranitro‑1,3,5,7‑tetrazine, 1,3,5,7‑tetranitro‑1,3,5,7‑tetraza‑cyclooctane, octogen or octogene) (CAS 2691‑41‑0);
b. difluoroaminated analogs of HMX;
c. K‑55 (2,4,6,8‑tetranitro‑2,4,6,8‑tetraazabicyclo [3,3,0]‑octanone‑3, tetranitrosemiglycouril or keto‑bicyclic HMX) (CAS 130256‑72‑3);
14. HNAD (hexanitroadamantane) (CAS 143850‑71‑9);
15. HNS (hexanitrostilbene) (CAS 20062‑22‑0);
16. Imidazoles, as follows:
a. BNNII (Octahydro‑2,5‑bis(nitroimino)imidazo [4,5‑d]imidazole);
b. DNI (2,4‑dinitroimidazole) (CAS 5213‑49‑0);
c. FDIA (1‑fluoro‑2,4‑dinitroimidazole);
d. NTDNIA (N‑(2‑nitrotriazolo)‑2,4‑dinitroimidazole);
e. PTIA (1‑picryl‑2,4,5‑trinitroimidazole);
17. NTNMH (1‑(2‑nitrotriazolo)‑2‑dinitromethylene hydrazine);
18. NTO (ONTA or 3‑nitro‑1,2,4‑triazol‑5‑one) (CAS 932‑64‑9);
19. Polynitrocubanes with more than four nitro groups;
20. PYX (2,6‑Bis(picrylamino)‑3,5‑dinitropyridine) (CAS 38082‑89‑2);
21. RDX and derivatives, as follows:
a. RDX (cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine, cyclonite, T4, hexahydro‑1,3,5‑trinitro‑1,3,5‑triazine, 1,3,5‑trinitro‑1,3,5‑triaza‑cyclohexane, hexogen or hexogene) (CAS 121‑82‑4);
b. Keto‑RDX (K‑6 or 2,4,6‑trinitro‑2,4,6‑triazacyclohexanone)
(CAS 115029‑35‑1);
22. TAGN (triaminoguanidinenitrate) (CAS 4000‑16‑2);
23. TATB (triaminotrinitrobenzene) (CAS 3058‑38‑6) (see also ML8.g.7 for its “precursors”);
24. TEDDZ (3,3,7,7‑tetrabis(difluoroamine) octahydro‑1,5‑dinitro‑1,5‑diazocine);
25. Tetrazoles, as follows:
a. NTAT (nitrotriazol aminotetrazole);
b. NTNT (1‑N‑(2‑nitrotriazolo)‑4‑nitrotetrazole);
26. Tetryl (trinitrophenylmethylnitramine) (CAS 479‑45‑8);
27. TNAD (1,4,5,8‑tetranitro‑1,4,5,8‑tetraazadecalin) (CAS 135877‑16‑6)
(see also ML8.g.6. for its “precursors”);
28. TNAZ (1,3,3‑trinitroazetidine) (CAS 97645‑24‑4)
(see also ML8.g.2. for its “precursors”);
29. TNGU (SORGUYL or tetranitroglycoluril) (CAS 55510‑03‑7);
30. TNP (1,4,5,8‑tetranitro‑pyridazino[4,5‑d]pyridazine) (CAS 229176‑04‑9);
31. Triazines, as follows:
a. DNAM (2‑oxy‑4,6‑dinitroamino‑s‑triazine) (CAS 19899‑80‑0);
b. NNHT (2‑nitroimino‑5‑nitro‑hexahydro‑1,3,5‑triazine) (CAS 130400‑13‑4);
ML8. a. continued
32. Triazoles, as follows:
a. 5‑azido‑2‑nitrotriazole;
b. ADHTDN (4‑amino‑3,5‑dihydrazino‑1,2,4‑triazole dinitramide)
(CAS 1614‑08‑0);
c. ADNT (1‑amino‑3,5‑dinitro‑1,2,4‑triazole);
d. BDNTA ([bis‑dinitrotriazole]amine);
e. DBT (3,3¢‑dinitro‑5,5‑bi‑1,2,4‑triazole) (CAS 30003‑46‑4);
f. DNBT (dinitrobistriazole) (CAS 70890‑46‑9);
g. NTDNA (2‑nitrotriazole 5‑dinitramide) (CAS 75393‑84‑9);
h. NTDNT (1‑N‑(2‑nitrotriazolo) 3,5‑dinitrotriazole);
i. PDNT (1‑picryl‑3,5‑dinitrotriazole);
j. TACOT (tetranitrobenzotriazolobenzotriazole) (CAS 25243‑36‑1);
33. Any explosive not listed elsewhere in ML8.a. with a detonation velocity exceeding 8,700 m/s at maximum density or a detonation pressure exceeding 34 GPa (340 kbar);
34. Other organic explosives not listed elsewhere in ML8.a. yielding detonation pressures of 25 GPa (250 kbar) or more that will remain stable at temperatures of 523K (250oC) or higher for periods of 5 minutes or longer.
b. “Propellants”, as follows:
1. Any United Nations (UN) Class 1.1 solid “propellant” with a theoretical specific impulse (under standard conditions) of more than 250 seconds for non‑metallized, or more than 270 seconds for aluminized compositions;
2. Any UN Class 1.3 solid “propellant” with a theoretical specific impulse (under standard conditions) of more than 230 seconds for non‑halogenized, 250 seconds for non‑metallized compositions and 266 seconds for metallized compositions;
3. “Propellants” having a force constant of more than 1,200 kJ/kg;
4. “Propellants” that can sustain a steady‑state linear burning rate of more than 38 mm/s under standard conditions (as measured in the form of an inhibited single strand) of 6.89 MPa (68.9 bar) pressure and 294K (21oC);
5. Elastomer modified cast double base (EMCDB) “propellants” with extensibility at maximum stress of more than 5% at 233K (‑40oC);
6. Any “propellant” containing substances listed in ML8.a.
c. “Pyrotechnics”, fuels and related substances, as follows, and mixtures thereof:
1. Aircraft fuels specially formulated for military purposes;
2. Alane (aluminium hydride) (CAS 7784‑21‑6);
3. Carboranes; decaborane (CAS 17702‑41‑9); pentaboranes (CAS 19624‑22‑7 and 18433‑84‑6) and their derivatives;
4. Hydrazine and derivatives, as follows (see also ML8.d.8. and d.9. for oxidising hydrazine derivatives):
a. Hydrazine (CAS 302‑01‑2) in concentrations of 70% or more;
b. Monomethyl hydrazine (CAS 60‑34‑4);
c. Symmetrical dimethyl hydrazine (CAS 540‑73‑8);
d. Unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine (CAS 57‑14‑7);
ML8. c. continued
5. Metal fuels in particle form whether spherical, atomized, spheroidal, flaked or ground, manufactured from material consisting of 99 % or more of any of the following:
a. Metals and mixtures thereof, as follows:
1. Beryllium (CAS 7440‑41‑7) in particle sizes of less than 60 µm;
2. Iron powder (CAS 7439‑89‑6) with particle size of 3 µm or less produced by reduction of iron oxide with hydrogen;
b. Mixtures, which contain any of the following:
1. Zirconium (CAS 7440‑67‑7), magnesium (CAS 7439‑95‑4) or alloys of these in particle sizes of less than 60 µm;
2. Boron (CAS 7440‑42‑8) or boron carbide (CAS 12069‑32‑8) fuels of 85% purity or higher and particle sizes of less than 60 µm;
6. Military materials containing thickeners for hydrocarbon fuels specially formulated for use in flame throwers or incendiary munitions, such as metal stearates or palmates (e.g. octal (CAS 637‑12‑7)) and M1, M2, and M3 thickeners;
7. Perchlorates, chlorates and chromates composited with powdered metal or other high energy fuel components;
8. Spherical aluminium powder (CAS 7429‑90‑5) with a particle size of 60 µm or less, manufactured from material with an aluminium content of 99% or more;
9. Titanium subhydride (TiHn) of stoichiometry equivalent to n= 0.65‑1.68.
Note 1 Aircraft fuels controlled by ML8.c.1. are finished products, not their constituents.
Note 2 ML8.c.4.a. does not control hydrazine mixtures specially formulated for corrosion control.
Note 3 Explosives and fuels containing the metals or alloys listed in ML8.c.5. are controlled whether or not the metals or alloys are encapsulated in aluminium, magnesium, zirconium, or beryllium.
Note 4 ML8.c.5.b.2. does not control boron and boron carbide enriched with boron‑10 (20% or more of total boron‑10 content.)
d. Oxidizers, as follows, and mixtures thereof:
1. ADN (ammonium dinitramide or SR 12) (CAS 140456‑78‑6);
2. AP (ammonium perchlorate) (CAS 7790‑98‑9);
3. Compounds composed of fluorine and any of the following:
a. Other halogens;
b. Oxygen; or
c. Nitrogen;
Note 1 ML8.d.3 does not control chlorine trifluoride.
Note 2 ML8.d.3 does not control nitrogen trifluoride in its gaseous state.
4. DNAD (1,3‑dinitro‑1,3‑diazetidine) (CAS 78246‑06‑7);
5. HAN (hydroxylammonium nitrate) (CAS 13465‑08‑2);
6. HAP (hydroxylammonium perchlorate) (CAS 15588‑62‑2);
7. HNF (hydrazinium nitroformate) (CAS 20773‑28‑8);
8. Hydrazine nitrate (CAS 37836‑27‑4);
9. Hydrazine perchlorate (CAS 27978‑54‑7);
ML8.d. continued
10. Liquid oxidisers comprised of or containing inhibited red fuming nitric acid (IRFNA) (CAS 8007‑58‑7);
Note ML8.d.10 does not control non‑inhibited fuming nitric acid.
e. Binders, plasticizers, monomers, polymers, as follows:
1. AMMO (azidomethylmethyloxetane and its polymers) (CAS 90683‑29‑7) (see also ML8.g.1. for its “precursors”);
2. BAMO (bisazidomethyloxetane and its polymers) (CAS 17607‑20‑4)
(see also ML8.g.1. for its “precursors”);
3. BDNPA (bis (2,2‑dinitropropyl)acetal) (CAS 5108‑69‑0);
4. BDNPF (bis (2,2‑dinitropropyl)formal) (CAS 5917‑61‑3);
5. BTTN (butanetrioltrinitrate) (CAS 6659‑60‑5)
(see also ML8.g.8. for its “precursors”);
6. Energetic monomers, plasticizers and polymers containing nitro, azido, nitrate, nitraza or difluoroamino groups specially formulated for military use;
7. FAMAO (3‑difluoroaminomethyl‑3‑azidomethyl oxetane) and its polymers;
8. FEFO (bis‑(2‑fluoro‑2,2‑dinitroethyl) formal) (CAS 17003‑79‑1);
9. FPF‑1 (poly‑2,2,3,3,4,4‑hexafluoropentane‑1,5‑diol formal) (CAS 376‑90‑9);
10. FPF‑3 (poly‑2,4,4,5,5,6,6‑heptafluoro‑2‑tri‑fluoromethyl‑3‑oxaheptane‑1,7‑diol formal);
11. GAP (glycidylazide polymer) (CAS 143178‑24‑9) and its derivatives;
12. HTPB (hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene) with a hydroxyl functionality equal to or greater than 2.2 and less than or equal to 2.4, a hydroxyl value of less than 0.77 meq/g, and a viscosity at 30°C of less than 47 poise (CAS 69102‑90‑5);
13. Low (less then 10,000) molecular weight, alcohol functionalised, poly(epichlorohydrin); poly(epichlorohydrindiol) and triol;
14. NENAs (nitratoethylnitramine compounds) (CAS 17096‑47‑8, 85068‑73‑1, 82486‑83‑7, 82486‑82‑6 and 85954‑06‑9);
15. PGN (poly‑GLYN, polyglycidylnitrate or poly(nitratomethyl oxirane)
(CAS 27814‑48‑8);
16. Poly‑NIMMO (poly nitratomethylmethyloxetane) or poly‑NMMO
(poly[3‑Nitratomethyl‑3‑methyloxetane]) (CAS 84051‑81‑0);
17. Polynitroorthocarbonates;
18. TVOPA (1,2,3‑tris[1,2‑bis(difluoroamino)ethoxy] propane or tris vinoxy propane adduct) (CAS 53159‑39‑0).
f. “Additives”, as follows:
1. Basic copper salicylate (CAS 62320‑94‑9);
2. BHEGA (bis‑(2‑hydroxyethyl) glycolamide) (CAS 17409‑41‑5);
3. BNO (butadienenitrileoxide) (CAS 9003‑18‑3);
4. Ferrocene derivatives, as follows:
a. Butacene (CAS 125856‑62‑4);
b. Catocene (2,2‑bis‑ethylferrocenyl propane) (CAS 37206‑42‑1);
c. Ferrocene carboxylic acids;
d. n‑butyl‑ferrocene (CAS 31904‑29‑7);
e. Other adducted polymer ferrocene derivatives;
5. Lead beta‑resorcylate (CAS 20936‑32‑7);
6. Lead citrate (CAS 14450‑60‑3);
ML8.f. continued
7. Lead‑copper chelates of beta‑resorcylate or salicylates (CAS 68411‑07‑4);
8. Lead maleate (CAS 19136‑34‑6);
9. Lead salicylate (CAS 15748‑73‑9);
10. Lead stannate (CAS 12036‑31‑6);
11. MAPO (tris‑1‑(2‑methyl)aziridinyl phosphine oxide) (CAS 57‑39‑6); BOBBA 8 (bis(2‑methyl aziridinyl) 2‑(2‑hydroxypropanoxy) propylamino phosphine oxide); and other MAPO derivatives;
12. Methyl BAPO (bis(2‑methyl aziridinyl) methylamino phosphine oxide) (CAS 85068‑72‑0);
13. N‑methyl‑p‑nitroaniline (CAS 100‑15‑2);
14. 3‑Nitraza‑1,5‑pentane diisocyanate (CAS 7406‑61‑9);
15. Organo‑metallic coupling agents, as follows:
a. Neopentyl[diallyl]oxy, tri[dioctyl]phosphato‑titanate (CAS 103850‑22‑2); also known as titanium IV, 2,2[bis 2‑propenolato‑methyl, butanolato, tris (dioctyl) phosphato] (CAS 110438‑25‑0); or LICA 12 (CAS 103850‑22‑2);
b. Titanium IV, [(2‑propenolato‑1) methyl, n‑propanolatomethyl] butanolato‑1, tris[dioctyl] pyrophosphate or KR3538;
c. Titanium IV, [(2‑propenolato‑1)methyl, n‑propanolatomethyl] butanolato‑1, tris(dioctyl)phosphate;
16. Polycyanodifluoroaminoethyleneoxide;
17. Polyfunctional aziridine amides with isophthalic, trimesic (BITA or butylene imine trimesamide), isocyanuric or trimethyladipic backbone structures and 2‑methyl or 2‑ethyl substitutions on the aziridine ring;
18. Propyleneimine (2‑methylaziridine) (CAS 75‑55‑8);
19. Superfine iron oxide (Fe2O3) with a specific surface area more than 250 m2/g and an average particle size of 3.0 nm or less;
20. TEPAN (tetraethylenepentaamineacrylonitrile) (CAS 68412‑45‑3); cyanoethylated polyamines and their salts;
21. TEPANOL (tetraethylenepentaamineacrylonitrileglycidol) (CAS 68412‑46‑4); cyanoethylated polyamines adducted with glycidol and their salts;
22. TPB (triphenyl bismuth) (CAS 603‑33‑8).
g. “Precursors”, as follows:
N.B.: In ML8.g. the references are to controlled “Energetic Materials” manufactured from these substances.
1. BCMO (bischloromethyloxetane) (CAS 142173‑26‑0)
(see also ML8.e.1. and e.2.);
2. Dinitroazetidine‑t‑butyl salt (CAS 125735‑38‑8) (see also ML8.a.28.);
3. HBIW (hexabenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane) (CAS 124782‑15‑6)
(see also ML8.a.4.);
4. TAIW (tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane) (see also ML8.a.4.);
5. TAT (1,3,5,7 tetraacetyl‑1,3,5,7,‑tetraaza cyclo‑octane) (CAS 41378‑98‑7) (see also ML8.a.13.);
6. 1,4,5,8‑tetraazadecalin (CAS 5409‑42‑7) (see also ML8.a.27.);
7. 1,3,5‑trichlorobenzene (CAS 108‑70‑3) (see also ML8.a.23.);
ML8.g. continued
8. 1,2,4‑trihydroxybutane (1,2,4‑butanetriol) (CAS 3068‑00‑6)
(see also ML8.e.5.).
Note 5 For charges and devices see ML4.
Note 6 ML8. does not control the following substances unless they are compounded or mixed with the “energetic material” mentioned in ML8.a. or powdered metals in ML8.c.:
a. Ammonium picrate;
b. Black powder;
c. Hexanitrodiphenylamine;
d. Difluoroamine;
e. Nitrostarch;
f. Potassium nitrate;
g. Tetranitronaphthalene;
h. Trinitroanisol;
i. Trinitronaphthalene;
j. Trinitroxylene;
k. N‑pyrrolidinone; 1‑methyl‑2‑pyrrolidinone;
l. Dioctylmaleate;
m. Ethylhexylacrylate;
n. Triethylaluminium (TEA), trimethylaluminium (TMA), and otlher pyrophoric metal alkyls and aryls of lithium, sodium, magnesium, zinc or boron;
o. Nitrocellulose;
p. Nitroglycerin (or glyceroltrinitrate, trinitroglycerine) (NG);
q. 2,4,6‑trinitrotoluene (TNT);
r. Ethylenediaminedinitrate (EDDN);
s. Pentaerythritoltetranitrate (PETN);
t. Lead azide, normal and basic lead styphnate, and primary explosives or priming compositions containing azides or azide complexes;
u. Triethyleneglycoldinitrate (TEGDN);
v. 2,4,6‑trinitroresorcinol (styphnic acid);
w. Diethyldiphenyl urea; dimethylidiphenyl urea; methylethyldiphenyl urea [Centralites];
x. N,N‑diphenylurea (unsymmetrical diphenylurea);
y. Methyl‑N,N‑diphenylurea (methyl unsymmetrical diphenylurea);
z. Ethyl‑N,N‑diphenylurea (ethyl unsymmetrical diphenylurea);
aa. 2‑Nitrodiphenylamine (2‑NDPA);
bb. 4‑Nitrodiphenylamine (4‑NDPA);
cc. 2,2‑dinitropropanol;
dd. Nitroguanidine (see entry 1C011.d).
N.B.: See also item ML908.
ML9. Vessels of war, special naval equipment and accessories, as follows, and components therefor, specially designed for military use:
N.B.: For guidance and navigation equipment, see ML11, Note 7.
a. Combatant vessels and vessels (surface or underwater) specially designed or modified for offensive or defensive action, whether or not converted to non‑military use, regardless of current state of repair or operating condition, and whether or not they contain weapon delivery systems or armour, and hulls or parts of hulls for such vessels;
b. Engines and propulsion systems, as follows:
1. Diesel engines specially designed for submarines with both of the following characteristics:
a. A power output of 1.12 MW (1,500 hp.) or more; and
b. A rotary speed of 700 rpm or more;
2. Electric motors specially designed for submarines having all of the following characteristics:
a. A power output of more than 0.75 MW (1,000 hp.);
b. Quick reversing;
c. Liquid cooled; and
d. Totally enclosed;
3. Non‑magnetic diesel engines specially designed for military use with a power output of 37.3 kW (50 hp.) or more and with a non‑magnetic content in excess of 75% of total mass;
4. Air Independent Propulsion systems specially designed for submarines;
Technical Note
‘Air Independent Propulsion’ allows a submerged submarine to operate its propulsion system, without access to atmospheric oxygen, for a longer time than the batteries would have otherwise allowed. This does not include nuclear power.
c. Underwater detection devices specially designed for military use and controls thereof;
d. Submarine and torpedo nets;
e. Deleted;
f. Hull penetrators and connectors specially designed for military use that enable interaction with equipment external to a vessel;
Note ML9.f. includes connectors for vessels which are of the single‑conductor, multi‑conductor, coaxial or waveguide type, and hull penetrators for vessels, both of which are capable of remaining impervious to leakage from without and of retaining required characteristics at marine depths exceeding 100 m; and fibre‑optic connectors and optical hull penetrators specially designed for “laser” beam transmission regardless of depth. It does not include ordinary propulsive shaft and hydrodynamic control‑rod hull penetrators.
ML9. continued
g. Silent bearings, with gas or magnetic suspension, active signature or vibration suppression controls, and equipment containing those bearings, specially designed for military use.
ML10. “Aircraft”, “lighter‑than‑air vehicles”, unmanned airborne vehicles, aero‑engines and “aircraft” equipment, related equipment and components, specially designed or modified for military use, as follows:
N.B.: For guidance and navigation equipment, see ML11, Note 7.
a. Combat “aircraft” and specially designed components therefor;
b. Other “aircraft” and “lighter‑than‑air vehicles” specially designed or modified for military use, including military reconnaissance, assault, military training, transporting and airdropping troops or military equipment, logistics support, and specially designed components therefor;
c. Unmanned airborne vehicles and related equipment, specially designed or modified for military use, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
1. Unmanned airborne vehicles including remotely piloted air vehicles (RPVs), autonomous programmable vehicles and “lighter‑than‑air vehicles”;
2. Associated launchers and ground support equipment;
3. Related equipment for command and control.
d. Aero‑engines specially designed or modified for military use, and specially designed components therefor;
e. Airborne equipment, including airborne refuelling equipment, specially designed for use with the “aircraft” controlled by ML10.a. or ML10.b. or the aero‑engines controlled by ML10.d., and specially designed components therefor;
f. Pressure refuellers, pressure refuelling equipment, equipment specially designed to facilitate operations in confined areas and ground equipment, developed specially for “aircraft” controlled by ML10.a. or ML10.b., or for aero‑engines controlled by ML10.d.;
g. Military crash helmets and protective masks and specially designed components therefor, pressurized breathing equipment and partial pressure suits for use in “aircraft”, anti‑g suits, liquid oxygen converters used for “aircraft” or missiles, and catapults and cartridge actuated devices for emergency escape of personnel from “aircraft”;
h. Parachutes and related equipment, used for combat personnel, cargo dropping or “aircraft” deceleration, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
1. Parachutes for:
a. Pin point dropping of rangers;
b. Dropping of paratroopers;
ML10.h. continued
2. Cargo parachutes;
3. Paragliders, drag parachutes, drogue parachutes for stabilisation and attitude control of dropping bodies, (e.g. recovery capsules, ejection seats, bombs);
4. Drogue parachutes for use with ejection seat systems for deployment and inflation sequence regulation of emergency parachutes;
5. Recovery parachutes for guided missiles, drones or space vehicles;
6. Approach parachutes and landing deceleration parachutes;
7. Other military parachutes;
8. Equipment specially designed for high altitude parachutists (e.g., suits, special helmets, breathing systems, navigation equipment);
i. Automatic piloting systems for parachuted loads; equipment specially designed or modified for military use for controlled opening jumps at any height, including oxygen equipment.
Note 1 ML10.b. does not control “aircraft” or variants of those “aircraft” specially designed for military use which:
a. Are not configured for military use and are not fitted with equipment or attachments specially designed or modified for military use; and
b. Have been certified for civil use by the civil aviation authority in a participating state*.
Note 2 ML10.d. does not control:
a. Aero‑engines designed or modified for military use which have been certified by civil aviation authorities in a participating state* for use in “civil aircraft”, or specially designed components therefor;
b. Reciprocating engines or specially designed components therefor, except those specially designed for unmanned airborne vehicles.
Note 3 The control in ML10.b. and ML10.d. on specially designed components and related equipment for non‑military “aircraft” or aero‑engines modified for military use applies only to those military components and to military related equipment required for the modification to military use.
*N.B.: In August 2008, the Participating States of the Wassenaar Arrangement are:
Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of Korea, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom and United States.
ML11. Electronic equipment, not controlled elsewhere on the Munitions List, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
a. Electronic equipment specially designed for military use;
ML11 continued
Note ML11.a. includes:
1. Electronic countermeasure and electronic counter‑countermeasure equipment (i.e., equipment designed to introduce extraneous or erroneous signals into radar or radio communication receivers or otherwise hinder the reception, operation or effectiveness of adversary electronic receivers including their countermeasure equipment), including jamming and counter‑jamming equipment;
2. Frequency agile tubes;
3. Electronic systems or equipment designed either for surveillance and monitoring of the electro‑magnetic spectrum for military intelligence or security purposes or for counteracting such surveillance and monitoring;
4. Underwater countermeasures, including acoustic and magnetic jamming and decoy, equipment designed to introduce extraneous or erroneous signals into sonar receivers;
5. Data processing security equipment, data security equipment and transmission and signalling line security equipment, using ciphering processes;
6. Identification, authentification and keyloader equipment and key management, manufacturing and distribution equipment;
7. Guidance and navigation equipment;
8. Digital troposcatter‑radio communications transmission equipment;
9. Digital demodulators specially designed for signals intelligence.
b. Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) jamming equipment.
ML12. High velocity kinetic energy weapon systems and related equipment, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
a. Kinetic energy weapon systems specially designed for destruction or effecting mission‑abort of a target;
b. Specially designed test and evaluation facilities and test models, including diagnostic instrumentation and targets, for dynamic testing of kinetic energy projectiles and systems.
N.B.: For weapon systems using sub‑calibre ammunition or employing solely chemical propulsion, and ammunition therefor, see ML1. to ML4.
Note 1 ML12. includes the following when specially designed for kinetic energy weapon systems:
a. Launch propulsion systems capable of accelerating masses larger than 0.1 g to velocities in excess of 1.6 km/s, in single or rapid fire modes;
b. Prime power generation, electric armour, energy storage, thermal management, conditioning, switching or fuel‑handling equipment; and electrical interfaces between power supply, gun and other turret electric drive functions;
ML12. continued
c. Target acquisition, tracking, fire control or damage assessment systems;
d. Homing seeker, guidance or divert propulsion (lateral acceleration) systems for projectiles.
Note 2 ML12. controls weapon systems using any of the following methods of propulsion:
a. Electromagnetic;
b. Electrothermal;
c. Plasma;
d. Light gas; or
e. Chemical (when used in combination with any of the above).
ML13. Armoured or protective equipment and constructions and components, as follows:
a. Armoured plate as follows:
1. Manufactured to comply with a military standard or specification; or
2. Suitable for military use;
b. Constructions of metallic or non‑metallic materials or combinations thereof specially designed to provide ballistic protection for military systems, and specially designed components therefor;
c. Helmets manufactured according to military standards or specifications, or comparable national standards, and specially designed components therefor, i.e., helmet shell, liner and comfort pads;
d. Body armour and protective garments manufactured according to military standards or specifications, or equivalent, and specially designed components therefor.
Note 1 ML13.b. includes materials specially designed to form explosive reactive armour or to construct military shelters.
Note 2 ML13.c. does not control conventional steel helmets, neither modified or designed to accept, nor equipped with any type of accessory device.
Note 3 ML13.d. does not control body armour or protective garments when accompanying their user for the user’s own personal protection.
Note 4 The only helmets specially designed for bomb disposal personnel that are controlled by ML13. are those specially designed for military use.
N.B. 1 See also entry 1A005.
N.B. 2 For “fibrous or filamentary materials” used in the manufacture of body armour and helmets, see entry 1C010.
ML14. Specialised equipment for military training or for simulating military scenarios, simulators specially designed for training in the use of any firearm or weapon controlled by ML1. or ML2., and specially designed components and accessories therefor.
Technical Note
The term ‘specialised equipment for military training’ includes military types of attack trainers, operational flight trainers, radar target trainers, radar target generators, gunnery training devices, anti‑submarine warfare trainers, flight simulators (including human‑rated centrifuges for pilot/astronaut training), radar trainers, instrument flight trainers, navigation trainers, missile launch trainers, target equipment, drone “aircraft”, armament trainers, pilotless “aircraft” trainers, mobile training units and training equipment for ground military operations.
Note 1 ML14. includes image generating and interactive environment systems for simulators when specially designed or modified for military use.
Note 2 ML14. does not control equipment specially designed for training in the use of hunting or sporting weapons.
ML15. Imaging or countermeasure equipment, as follows, specially designed for military use, and specially designed components and accessories therefor:
a. Recorders and image processing equipment;
b. Cameras, photographic equipment and film processing equipment;
c. Image intensifier equipment;
d. Infrared or thermal imaging equipment;
e. Imaging radar sensor equipment;
f. Countermeasure or counter‑countermeasure equipment for the equipment controlled by sub‑items ML15.a. to ML15.e.
Note ML15.f. includes equipment designed to degrade the operation or effectiveness of military imaging systems or to minimize such degrading effects.
Note 1 The term ‘specially designed components’ includes the following when specially designed for military use:
a. Infrared image converter tubes;
b. Image intensifier tubes (other than first generation);
c. Microchannel plates;
d. Low‑light‑level television camera tubes;
e. Detector arrays (including electronic interconnection or read out systems);
f. Pyroelectric television camera tubes;
g. Cooling systems for imaging systems;
h. Electrically triggered shutters of the photochromic or electro‑optical type having a shutter speed of less than 100 µs, except in the case of shutters which are an essential part of a high speed camera;
i. Fibre optic image inverters;
j. Compound semiconductor photocathodes.
ML15. continued
Note 2 ML15 does not control “first generation image intensifier tubes” or equipment specially designed to incorporate “first generation image intensifier tubes”.
N.B.: For the status of weapons sights incorporating “first generation image intensifer tubes” see entries ML1.d, ML2.c and ML5.a.
N.B.: See also entries 6A002.a.2. and 6A002.b.
ML16. Forgings, castings and other unfinished products the use of which in a controlled product is identifiable by material composition, geometry or function, and which are specially designed for any products controlled by ML1.to ML4., ML6., ML9., ML10., ML12. or ML19.
ML17. Miscellaneous equipment, materials and libraries, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
a. Self‑contained diving and underwater swimming apparatus, as follows:
1. Closed or semi‑closed circuit (rebreathing) apparatus specially designed for military use (i.e. specially designed to be non magnetic);
2. Specially designed components for use in the conversion of open‑circuit apparatus to military use;
3. Articles designed exclusively for military use with self‑contained diving and underwater swimming apparatus;
b. Construction equipment specially designed for military use;
c. Fittings, coatings and treatments for signature suppression, specially designed for military use;
d. Field engineer equipment specially designed for use in a combat zone;
e. “Robots”, “robot” controllers and “robot” “end‑effectors”, having any of the following characteristics:
1. Specially designed for military use;
2. Incorporating means of protecting hydraulic lines against externally induced punctures caused by ballistic fragments (e.g., incorporating self‑sealing lines) and designed to use hydraulic fluids with flash points higher than 839 K (566°C); or
3. Specially designed or rated for operating in an electro‑magnetic pulse (EMP) environment;
f. Libraries (parametric technical databases) specially designed for military use with equipment controlled by the Munitions List;
g. Nuclear power generating equipment or propulsion equipment, including “nuclear reactors”, specially designed for military use and components therefor specially designed or modified for military use;
h. Equipment and material, coated or treated for signature suppression, specially designed for military use, other than those controlled elsewhere in the Munitions List;
i. Simulators specially designed for military “nuclear reactors”;
ML17. continued
j. Mobile repair shops specially designed or modified to service military equipment;
k. Field generators specially designed or modified for military use;
l. Containers specially designed or modified for military use;
m. Ferries, other than those controlled elsewhere in the Munitions List, bridges and pontoons, specially designed for military use;
n. Test models specially designed for the “development” of items controlled by ML4., ML6., ML9. or ML10.;
o. Laser protection equipment (e.g., eye and sensor protection) specially designed for military use.
Technical Notes
1. For the purpose of ML17, the term ‘library’ (parametric technical database) means a collection of technical information of a military nature, reference to which may enhance the performance of military equipment or systems.
2. For the purpose of ML17, ‘modified’ means any structural, electrical, mechanical, or other change that provides a non‑military item with military capabilities equivalent to an item which is specially designed for military use.
ML18. Equipment for the production of products referred to in the Munitions List, as follows:
a. Specially designed or modified production equipment for the production of products controlled by the Munitions List, and specially designed components therefor;
b. Specially designed environmental test facilities and specially designed equipment therefor, for the certification, qualification or testing of products controlled by the Munitions List.
Technical Note
For the purposes of ML18., the term ‘production’ includes design, examination, manufacture, testing and checking.
Note ML18.a. and ML18.b. include the following equipment:
a. Continuous nitrators;
b. Centrifugal testing apparatus or equipment having any of the following characteristics:
1. Driven by a motor or motors having a total rated horsepower of more than 298 kW (400 hp);
2. Capable of carrying a payload of 113 kg or more; or
3. Capable of exerting a centrifugal acceleration of 8 g or more on a payload of 91 kg or more;
c. Dehydration presses;
d. Screw extruders specially designed or modified for military explosive extrusion;
e. Cutting machines for the sizing of extruded propellants;
ML18. continued
f. Sweetie barrels (tumblers) 1.85 m or more in diameter and having over 227 kg product capacity;
g. Continuous mixers for solid propellants;
h. Fluid energy mills for grinding or milling the ingredients of military explosives;
i. Equipment to achieve both sphericity and uniform particle size in metal powder listed in ML8.c.8.;
j. Convection current converters for the conversion of materials listed in ML8.c.3.
ML19. Directed energy weapon systems (DEW), related or countermeasure equipment and test models, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
a. “Laser” systems specially designed for destruction or effecting mission‑abort of a target;
b. Particle beam systems capable of destruction or effecting mission‑abort of a target;
c. High power radio‑frequency (RF) systems capable of destruction or effecting mission‑abort of a target;
d. Equipment specially designed for the detection or identification of, or defence against, systems controlled by ML19.a. to ML19.c.;
e. Physical test models for the systems, equipment and components controlled by this Item;
f. Continuous wave or pulsed “laser” systems specially designed to cause permanent blindness to unenhanced vision, i.e., to the naked eye or to the eye with corrective eyesight devices.
Note 1 Directed energy weapon systems controlled by ML19. include systems whose capability is derived from the controlled application of:
a. “Lasers” of sufficient continuous wave or pulsed power to effect destruction similar to the manner of conventional ammunition;
b. Particle accelerators which project a charged or neutral particle beam with destructive power;
c. High pulsed power or high average power radio frequency beam transmitters which produce fields sufficiently intense to disable electronic circuitry at a distant target.
Note 2 ML19. includes the following when specially designed for directed energy weapon systems:
a. Prime power generation, energy storage, switching, power conditioning or fuel‑handling equipment;
b. Target acquisition or tracking systems;
ML19. continued
c. Systems capable of assessing target damage, destruction or mission‑abort;
d. Beam‑handling, propagation or pointing equipment;
e. Equipment with rapid beam slew capability for rapid multiple target operations;
f. Adaptive optics and phase conjugators;
g. Current injectors for negative hydrogen ion beams;
h. “Space qualified” accelerator components;
i. Negative ion beam funnelling equipment;
j. Equipment for controlling and slewing a high energy ion beam;
k. “Space qualified” foils for neutralising negative hydrogen isotope beams.
ML20. Cryogenic and “superconductive” equipment, as follows, and specially designed components and accessories therefor:
a. Equipment specially designed or configured to be installed in a vehicle for military ground, marine, airborne or space applications, capable of operating while in motion and of producing or maintaining temperatures below 103 K (‑170°C);
Note ML20.a. includes mobile systems incorporating or employing accessories or components manufactured from non‑metallic or non‑electrical conductive materials, such as plastics or epoxy‑impregnated materials.
b. “Superconductive” electrical equipment (rotating machinery and transformers) specially designed or configured to be installed in a vehicle for military ground, marine, airborne or space applications, capable of operating while in motion.
Note ML20.b. does not control direct‑current hybrid homopolar generators that have single‑pole normal metal armatures which rotate in a magnetic field produced by superconducting windings, provided those windings are the only superconducting component in the generator.
ML21. “Software” as follows:
a. “Software” specially designed or modified for the “development”, “production” or “use” of equipment, materials or “software”, specified by the Munitions List;
b. Specific “software”, other than that specified by ML21.a., as follows:
1. “Software” specially designed for military use and specially designed for modelling, simulating or evaluating military weapon systems;
2. “Software” specially designed for military use and specially designed for modelling or simulating military operational scenarios;
3. “Software” for determining the effects of conventional, nuclear, chemical or biological weapons;
ML.21. continued
4. “Software” specially designed for Command, Communications, Control and Intelligence (C3I) or Command, Communications, Control, Computer and Intelligence (C4I) applications;
c. “Software”, not specified by ML21.a., or b., specially designed or modified to enable equipment not specified by the Munitions List to perform the military functions of equipment specified by the Munitions List.
ML22. “Technology” as follows:
a. “Technology”, other than specified in ML22.b, which is “required” for the “development”, “production” or “use” of items controlled in the Munitions List.
b. “Technology” as follows:
1. “Technology” “required” for the design of, the assembly of components into, and the operation, maintenance and repair of complete production installations for items controlled in the Munitions List, even if the components of such production installations are not controlled;
2. “Technology” “required” for the “development” and “production” of small arms even if used to produce reproductions of antique small arms;
3. “Technology” “required” for the “development”, “production” or “use” of toxicological agents, related equipment or components controlled by ML7.a. to ML7.g.;
4. “Technology” “required” for the “development”, “production” or “use” of “biopolymers” or cultures of specific cells controlled by ML7.h.;
5. “Technology” “required” exclusively for the incorporation of “biocatalysts”, controlled by ML7.i.1., into military carrier substances or military material.
Note 1 “Technology” “required” for the “development”, “production” or “use” of items controlled in the Munitions List remains under control even when applicable to any uncontrolled item.
Note 2 ML22 does not control “technology” as follows:
a. Which is the minimum necessary for the installation, operation, maintenance (checking) and repair of those items which are not controlled or whose export has been authorised;
b. Which is “in the public domain”, “basic scientific research” or the minimum necessary information for patent applications;
c. For magnetic induction for continuous propulsion of civil transport devices.
ML901. Non-military firearms including rifles, carbines, muskets, pistols, revolvers, shotguns, and smooth‑bore weapons, not specified in ML1, and specially designed components therefor.
ML902. Ammunition, projectiles, and specially designed components therefor, for the firearms specified in ML901.
Technical Note:
Specially designed components for the products controlled by ML901 and ML902 include forgings, castings and other unfinished products the use of which in a controlled product is identifiable by material composition, geometry or function.
ML903. Deleted.
ML904. Accessories, including silencers, special gun‑mountings, magazines, weapon sights and flash suppressors, for the firearms specified in ML901.
ML905. Air guns having any of the following characteristics and specially designed components therefor:
a. muzzle velocity exceeding 152.4 m/s (500 feet per second);
b. designed for competition target shooting; or
c. capable of fully automatic operation.
Technical Note:
Air guns discharge a projectile by the use of compressed air or gas and not by the explosive force of propellant combustion. Air guns include any air pistol or air rifle.
Note: ML905 does not include air gun accessories, air gun pellets or other air gun projectiles.
ML908. "Energetic materials" other than "energetic materials" specified in ML8, including high explosives specified in 1C239, but excluding those specially formulated for toys, novelty goods and fireworks.
ML909. Detonators or other equipment for the initiation of non‑military "energetic materials" specified in ML908.
Note: ML901 to ML909 do not include nailing or stapling guns, explosive powered fixing tools, starting pistols, flare guns or other signalling devices designed for emergency or life‑saving purposes, line throwers, tranquilliser guns, guns that operate a captive bolt for the slaughter of animals, devices for the casting of weighted nets, underwater powerheads, fire extinguisher cartridges, hand-operated devices that use blank cartridges to propel objects for retrieval in connection with the training of dogs, paintball guns, airsoft guns (6mm or 8mm calibre), air bag and life raft inflation gas generators, thermal welding charges and associated ignition tapes, sidewall core guns designed for geological or mining purposes, expandable casing perforation guns designed for geological or mining purposes, oil well gas flare igniters, bird‑fright cartridges, improvised explosive device disposal (IEDD) disruptor cartridges or any other cartridges or "explosive"/"pyrotechnic" charges specially designed for use with the items listed in this Note.
ML910. Charges and devices containing "energetic materials" specified in ML908.
Note 1 Terms in “quotations” are defined terms. Refer to the ‘Definitions of Terms’ section.
Note 2 Chemicals are listed by name and CAS number. Chemicals of the same structural formula (including hydrates) are controlled regardless of name or CAS number. CAS numbers are shown to assist in identifying whether a particular chemical or mixture is controlled, irrespective of nomenclature. CAS numbers cannot be used as unique identifiers because some forms of the listed chemical have different CAS numbers, and mixtures containing a listed chemical may also have different CAS numbers.
NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY NOTE (NTN)
(To be read in conjunction with section E of Category 0.)
1. The “technology” directly associated with any goods controlled in Category 0 is controlled according to the provisions of Category 0.
2. “Technology” for the “development”, “production” or “use” of goods under control remains under control even when applicable to non‑controlled goods.
3. The approval of goods for export also authorizes the export to the same end‑user of the minimum “technology” required for the installation, operation, maintenance and repair of the goods.
4. Controls on “technology” transfer do not apply to information “in the public domain” or to “basic scientific research”.
GENERAL TECHNOLOGY NOTE (GTN)
(To be read in conjunction with section E of Categories 1 to 9.)
1. The export of “technology” which is “required” for the “development”, “production” or “use” of goods controlled in Categories 1 to 9, is controlled according to the provisions of Categories 1 to 9.
2. “Technology” “required” for the “development”, “production” or “use” of goods under control remains under control even when applicable to non‑controlled goods.
3. Controls do not apply to that “technology” which is the minimum necessary for the installation, operation, maintenance (checking) and repair of those goods which are not controlled or whose export has been authorised.
N.B.: This does not release such “technology” specified in 1E002.e., 1E002.f., 8E002.a. and 8E002.b.
4. Controls on “technology” transfer do not apply to information “in the public domain”, to “basic scientific research” or to the minimum necessary information for patent applications.
GENERAL SOFTWARE NOTE (GSN)
(This note overrides any control within section D of Categories 0 to 9.)
Categories 0 to 9 of this list do not control “software” which is either:
1. Generally available to the public by being:
a. Sold from stock at retail selling points, without restriction, by means of:
1. Over‑the‑counter transactions;
2. Mail order transactions;
3. Electronic transactions; or
4. Telephone order transactions; and
b. Designed for installation by the user without further substantial support by the supplier; or
N.B.: Entry a. of the General Software Note does not release “software” specified in Category 5 — Part 2 (“Information Security”).
2. “In the public domain”.
CATEGORY 0 ‑ NUCLEAR MATERIALS, FACILITIES, AND EQUIPMENT
0A Systems, Equipment and Components
0A001 “Nuclear reactors” and specially designed or prepared equipment and components therefor, as follows:
a. “Nuclear reactors” capable of operation so as to maintain a controlled self‑sustaining fission chain reaction;
b. Metal vessels, or major shop‑fabricated parts therefor, specially designed or prepared to contain the core of a “nuclear reactor”, including the reactor vessel head for a reactor pressure vessel;
c. Manipulative equipment specially designed or prepared for inserting or removing fuel in a “nuclear reactor”;
d. Control rods specially designed or prepared for the control of the fission process in a “nuclear reactor”, support or suspension structures therefor, rod drive mechanisms and rod guide tubes;
e. Pressure tubes specially designed or prepared to contain fuel elements and the primary coolant in a “nuclear reactor” at an operating pressure in excess of 5.1 MPa;
f. Zirconium metal and alloys in the form of tubes or assemblies of tubes in which the ratio of hafnium to zirconium is less than 1:500 parts by weight, specially designed or prepared for use in a “nuclear reactor”;
g. Coolant pumps specially designed or prepared for circulating the primary coolant of “nuclear reactors”;
h. ‘Nuclear reactor internals’ specially designed or prepared for use in a “nuclear reactor”, including support columns for the core, fuel channels, thermal shields, baffles, core grid plates, and diffuser plates;
Note: In 0A001.h. ‘nuclear reactor internals’ means any major structure within a reactor vessel which has one or more functions such as supporting the core, maintaining fuel alignment, directing primary coolant flow, providing radiation shields for the reactor vessel, and guiding in‑core instrumentation.
i. Heat exchangers (steam generators) specially designed or prepared for use in the primary coolant circuit of a “nuclear reactor”;
j. Neutron detection and measuring instruments specially designed or prepared for determining neutron flux levels within the core of a “nuclear reactor”.
0B Test, Inspection and Production Equipment
0B001 Plant for the separation of isotopes of “natural uranium”, “depleted uranium” and “special fissile materials”, and specially designed or prepared equipment and components therefor, as follows:
a. Plant specially designed for separating isotopes of “natural uranium”, “depleted uranium”, and “special fissile materials”, as follows:
1. Gas centrifuge separation plant;
2. Gaseous diffusion separation plant;
3. Aerodynamic separation plant;
4. Chemical exchange separation plant;
5. Ion‑exchange separation plant;
6. Atomic vapour “laser” isotope separation (AVLIS) plant;
7. Molecular “laser” isotope separation (MLIS) plant;
8. Plasma separation plant;
9. Electro magnetic separation plant;
b. Gas centrifuges and assemblies and components, specially designed or prepared for gas centrifuge separation process, as follows:
Note: In 0B001.b. ‘high strength‑to‑density ratio material’ means any of the following:
a. Maraging steel capable of an ultimate tensile strength of 2,050 MPa or more;
b. Aluminium alloys capable of an ultimate tensile strength of 460 MPa or more; or
c. “Fibrous or filamentary materials” with a “specific modulus” of more than 3.18 x 106 m and a “specific tensile strength” greater than 76.2 x 103 m;
1. Gas centrifuges;
2. Complete rotor assemblies;
3. Rotor tube cylinders with a wall thickness of 12 mm or less, a diameter of between 75 mm and 400 mm, made from ‘high strength‑to‑density ratio materials’;
4. Rings or bellows with a wall thickness of 3 mm or less and a diameter of between 75 mm and 400 mm and designed to give local support to a rotor tube or to join a number together, made from ‘high strength‑to‑density ratio materials’;
5. Baffles of between 75 mm and 400 mm diameter for mounting inside a rotor tube, made from ‘high strength‑to‑density ratio materials’;
6. Top or bottom caps of between 75 mm and 400 mm diameter to fit the ends of a rotor tube, made from ‘high strength‑to‑density ratio materials’;
0B001 b. continued
7. Magnetic suspension bearings consisting of an annular magnet suspended within a housing made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6” containing a damping medium and having the magnet coupling with a pole piece or second magnet fitted to the top cap of the rotor;
8. Specially prepared bearings comprising a pivot‑cup assembly mounted on a damper;
9. Molecular pumps comprised of cylinders having internally machined or extruded helical grooves and internally machined bores;
10. Ring‑shaped motor stators for multiphase AC hysteresis (or reluctance) motors for synchronous operation within a vacuum in the frequency range of 600 to 2,000 Hz and a power range of 50 to 1,000 Volt‑Amps;
11. Centrifuge housing/recipients to contain the rotor tube assembly of a gas centrifuge, consisting of a rigid cylinder of wall thickness up to 30 mm with precision machined ends and made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”;
12. Scoops consisting of tubes of up to 12 mm internal diameter for the extraction of UF6 gas from within a centrifuge rotor tube by a Pitot tube action, made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”;
13. Frequency changers (converters or inverters) specially designed or prepared to supply motor stators for gas centrifuge enrichment, having all of the following characteristics, and specially designed components therefor:
a. Multiphase output of 600 to 2,000 Hz;
b. Frequency control better than 0.1%;
c. Harmonic distortion of less than 2%; and
d. An efficiency greater than 80%;
14. Bellows valves made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”, with a diameter of 10 mm to 160 mm;
c. Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for gaseous diffusion separation process, as follows:
1. Gaseous diffusion barriers made of porous metallic, polymer or ceramic “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6” with a pore size of 10 to 100 nm, a thickness of 5 mm or less, and, for tubular forms, a diameter of 25 mm or less;
2. Gaseous diffuser housings made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”;
0B001 c. continued
3. Compressors (positive displacement, centrifugal and axial flow types) or gas blowers with a suction volume capacity of 1 m3/min or more of UF6, and discharge pressure up to 666.7 kPa, made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”;
4. Rotary shaft seals for compressors or blowers specified in 0B001.c.3. and designed for a buffer gas in‑leakage rate of less than 1,000 cm3/min.;
5. Heat exchangers made of aluminium, copper, nickel, or alloys containing more than 60 per cent nickel, or combinations of these metals as clad tubes, designed to operate at sub‑atmospheric pressure with a leak rate that limits the pressure rise to less than 10 Pa per hour under a pressure differential of 100 kPa;
6. Bellow valves made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”, with a diameter of 40 mm to 1,500 mm;
d. Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for aerodynamic separation process, as follows:
1. Separation nozzles consisting of slit‑shaped, curved channels having a radius of curvature less than 1 mm, resistant to corrosion by UF6, and having a knife‑edge contained within the nozzle which separates the gas flowing through the nozzle into two streams;
2. Tangential inlet flow‑driven cylindrical or conical tubes, (vortex tubes), made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6” with a diameter of between 0.5 cm and 4 cm and a length to diameter ratio of 20:1 or less and with one or more tangential inlets;
3. Compressors (positive displacement, centrifugal and axial flow types) or gas blowers with a suction volume capacity of 2 m3/min or more, made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”, and rotary shaft seals therefor;
4. Heat exchangers made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”;
5. Aerodynamic separation element housings, made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6” to contain vortex tubes or separation nozzles;
6. Bellows valves made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”, with a diameter of 40 to 1,500 mm;
0B001 d. continued
7. Process systems for separating UF6 from carrier gas (hydrogen or helium) to 1 ppm UF6 content or less, including:
a. Cryogenic heat exchangers and cryoseparators capable of temperatures of 153K (‑120°C) or less;
b. Cryogenic refrigeration units capable of temperatures of 153 K (‑120°C) or less;
c. Separation nozzle or vortex tube units for the separation of UF6 from carrier gas;
d. UF6 cold traps capable of temperatures of 253 K (‑20°C) or less;
e. Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for chemical exchange separation process, as follows:
1. Fast‑exchange liquid‑liquid pulse columns with stage residence time of 30 seconds or less and resistant to concentrated hydrochloric acid (e.g. made of or protected by suitable plastic materials such as fluorocarbon polymers or glass);
2. Fast‑exchange liquid‑liquid centrifugal contactors with stage residence time of 30 seconds or less and resistant to concentrated hydrochloric acid (e.g. made of or protected by suitable plastic materials such as fluorocarbon polymers or glass);
3. Electrochemical reduction cells resistant to concentrated hydrochloric acid solutions, for reduction of uranium from one valence state to another;
4. Electrochemical reduction cells feed equipment to take U+4 from the organic stream and, for those parts in contact with the process stream, made of or protected by suitable materials (e.g. glass, fluorocarbon polymers, polyphenyl sulphate, polyether sulfone and resin‑impregnated graphite);
5. Feed preparation systems for producing high purity uranium chloride solution consisting of dissolution, solvent extraction and/or ion exchange equipment for purification and electrolytic cells for reducing the uranium U+6 or U+4 to U+3;
6. Uranium oxidation systems for oxidation of U+3 to U+4;
f. Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for ion‑exchange separation process, as follows:
0B001 f. continued
1. Fast reacting ion‑exchange resins, pellicular or porous macro‑reticulated resins in which the active chemical exchange groups are limited to a coating on the surface of an inactive porous support structure, and other composite structures in any suitable form, including particles or fibres, with diameters of 0.2 mm or less, resistant to concentrated hydrochloric acid and designed to have an exchange rate half‑time of less than 10 seconds and capable of operating at temperatures in the range of 373 K (100oC) to 473 K (200oC);
2. Ion exchange columns (cylindrical) with a diameter greater than 1,000 mm, made of or protected by materials resistant to concentrated hydrochloric acid (e.g. titanium or fluorocarbon plastics) and capable of operating at temperatures in the range of 373 K (100oC) to 473 K (200oC) and pressures above 0.7 MPa;
3. Ion exchange reflux systems (chemical or electrochemical oxidation or reduction systems) for regeneration of the chemical reducing or oxidizing agents used in ion exchange enrichment cascades;
g. Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for atomic vapour “laser” isotope separation process (AVLIS), as follows:
1. High power strip or scanning electron beam guns with a delivered power of more than 2.5 kW/cm for use in uranium vaporization systems;
2. Liquid uranium metal handling systems for molten uranium or uranium alloys, consisting of crucibles, made of or protected by suitable corrosion and heat resistant materials (e.g. tantalum, yttria‑coated graphite, graphite coated with other rare earth oxides or mixtures thereof), and cooling equipment for the crucibles;
N.B.: SEE ALSO 2A225.
3. Product and tails collector systems made of or lined with materials resistant to the heat and corrosion of uranium metal vapour or liquid, such as yttria‑coated graphite or tantalum;
4. Separator module housings (cylindrical or rectangular vessels) for containing the uranium metal vapour source, the electron beam gun and the product and tails collectors;
5. “Lasers” or “laser” systems for the separation of uranium isotopes with a spectrum frequency stabiliser for operation over extended periods of time;
N.B.: SEE ALSO 6A005 AND 6A205.
0B001 continued
h. Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for molecular “laser” isotope separation process (MLIS) or chemical reaction by isotope selective laser activation (CRISLA), as follows:
1. Supersonic expansion nozzles for cooling mixtures of UF6 and carrier gas to 150 K (‑123°C) or less and made from “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”;
2. Uranium pentafluoride (UF5) product collectors consisting of filter, impact, or cyclone‑type collectors or combinations thereof, and made of “materials resistant to corrosion by UF5/UF6”;
3. Compressors made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”, and rotary shaft seals therefor;
4. Equipment for fluorinating UF5 (solid) to UF6 (gas);
5. Process systems for separating UF6 from carrier gas (e.g. nitrogen or argon) including:
a. Cryogenic heat exchangers and cryoseparators capable of temperatures of 153 K (‑120°C) or less;
b. Cryogenic refrigeration units capable of temperatures of 153 K (‑120°C) or less;
c. UF6 cold traps capable of temperatures of 253 K (‑20°C) or less;
6. “Lasers” or “laser” systems for the separation of uranium isotopes with a spectrum frequency stabiliser for operation over extended periods of time;
N.B.: SEE ALSO 6A005 AND 6A205.
i. Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for plasma separation process, as follows:
1. Microwave power sources and antennae for producing or accelerating ions, with an output frequency greater than 30 GHz and mean power output greater than 50 kW;
2. Radio frequency ion excitation coils for frequencies of more than 100 kHz and capable of handling more than 40 kW mean power;
3. Uranium plasma generation systems;
4. Liquid metal handling systems for molten uranium or uranium alloys, consisting of crucibles, made of or protected by suitable corrosion and heat resistant materials (e.g. tantalum, yttria‑coated graphite, graphite coated with other rare earth oxides or mixtures thereof), and cooling equipment for the crucibles;
N.B.: SEE ALSO 2A225.
0B001 i. continued
5. Product and tails collectors made of or protected by materials resistant to the heat and corrosion of uranium vapour such as yttria‑coated graphite or tantalum;
6. Separator module housings (cylindrical) for containing the uranium plasma source, radio‑frequency drive coil and the product and tails collectors and made of a suitable non‑magnetic material (e.g. stainless steel);
j. Equipment and components, specially designed or prepared for electromagnetic separation process, as follows:
1. Ion sources, single or multiple, consisting of a vapour source, ioniser, and beam accelerator made of suitable non‑magnetic materials (e.g. graphite, stainless steel, or copper) and capable of providing a total ion beam current of 50 mA or greater;
2. Ion collector plates for collection of enriched or depleted uranium ion beams, consisting of two or more slits and pockets and made of suitable non‑magnetic materials (e.g. graphite or stainless steel);
3. Vacuum housings for uranium electromagnetic separators made of non‑magnetic materials (e.g. stainless steel) and designed to operate at pressures of 0.1 Pa or lower;
4. Magnet pole pieces with a diameter greater than 2 m;
5. High voltage power supplies for ion sources, having all of the following characteristics:
a. Capable of continuous operation;
b. Output voltage of 20,000 V or greater;
c. Output current of 1 A or greater; and
d. Voltage regulation of better than 0.01% over a period of 8 hours;
N.B.: SEE ALSO 3A227.
6. Magnet power supplies (high power, direct current) having all of the following characteristics:
a. Capable of continuous operation with a current output of 500 A or greater at a voltage of 100 V or greater; and
b. Current or voltage regulation better than 0.01% over a period of 8 hours.
N.B.: SEE ALSO 3A226.
0B002 Specially designed or prepared auxiliary systems, equipment and components, as follows, for isotope separation plant specified in 0B001, made of or protected by “materials resistant to corrosion by UF6”:
a. Feed autoclaves, ovens or systems used for passing UF6 to the enrichment process;
b. Desublimers or cold traps, used to remove UF6 from the enrichment process for subsequent transfer upon heating;
c. Product and tails stations for transferring UF6 into containers;
d. Liquefaction or solidification stations used to remove UF6 from the enrichment process by compressing, cooling and converting UF6 to a liquid or solid form;
e. Piping systems and header systems specially designed for handling UF6 within gaseous diffusion, centrifuge or aerodynamic cascades;
f. 1. Vacuum manifolds or vacuum headers having a suction capacity of 5 m3/minute or more; or
2. Vacuum pumps specially designed for use in UF6 bearing atmospheres;
g. UF6 mass spectrometers/ion sources specially designed or prepared for taking on‑line samples of feed, product or tails from UF6 gas streams and having all of the following characteristics:
1. Unit resolution for mass of more than 320 amu;
2. Ion sources constructed of or lined with nichrome or monel, or nickel plated;
3. Electron bombardment ionisation sources; and
4. Collector system suitable for isotopic analysis.
0B003 Plant for the conversion of uranium and equipment specially designed or prepared therefor, as follows:
a. Systems for the conversion of uranium ore concentrates to UO3;
b. Systems for the conversion of UO3 to UF6;
c. Systems for the conversion of UO3 to UO2;
d. Systems for the conversion of UO2 to UF4;
e. Systems for the conversion of UF4 to UF6;
f. Systems for the conversion of UF4 to uranium metal;
g. Systems for the conversion of UF6 to UO2;
h. Systems for the conversion of UF6 to UF4;
i. Systems for the conversion of UO2 to UCl4.
0B004 Plant for the production or concentration of heavy water, deuterium and deuterium compounds and specially designed or prepared equipment and components therefor, as follows:
a. Plant for the production of heavy water, deuterium or deuterium compounds, as follows:
1. Water‑hydrogen sulphide exchange plants;
2. Ammonia‑hydrogen exchange plants;
b. Equipment and components, as follows:
1. Water‑hydrogen sulphide exchange towers fabricated from fine carbon steel (e.g. ASTM A516) with diameters of 6 m to 9 m, capable of operating at pressures greater than or equal to 2 MPa and with a corrosion allowance of 6 mm or greater;
2. Single stage, low head (i.e. 0.2 MPa) centrifugal blowers or compressors for hydrogen sulphide gas circulation (i.e. gas containing more than 70% H2S) with a throughput capacity greater than or equal to 56 m3/second when operating at pressures greater than or equal to 1.8 MPa suction and having seals designed for wet H2S service;
3. Ammonia‑hydrogen exchange towers greater than or equal to 35 m in height with diameters of 1.5 m to 2.5 m capable of operating at pressures greater than 15 MPa;
4. Tower internals, including stage contactors, and stage pumps, including those which are submersible, for heavy water production utilizing the ammonia‑hydrogen exchange process;
5. Ammonia crackers with operating pressures greater than or equal to 3 MPa for heavy water production utilizing the ammonia‑hydrogen exchange process;
6. Infrared absorption analysers capable of on‑line hydrogen/deuterium ratio analysis where deuterium concentrations are equal to or greater than 90%;
7. Catalytic burners for the conversion of enriched deuterium gas into heavy water utilizing the ammonia‑hydrogen exchange process;
8. Complete heavy water upgrade systems, or columns therefor, for the upgrade of heavy water to reactor‑grade deuterium concentration.
0B005 Plant specially designed for the fabrication of “nuclear reactor” fuel elements and specially designed or prepared equipment therefor.
Note: A plant for the fabrication of “nuclear reactor” fuel elements includes equipment which:
a. Normally comes into direct contact with or directly processes or controls the production flow of nuclear materials;
b. Seals the nuclear materials within the cladding;
c. Checks the integrity of the cladding or the seal; or
d. Checks the finish treatment of the sealed fuel.
0B006 Plant for the reprocessing of irradiated “nuclear reactor” fuel elements, and specially designed or prepared equipment and components therefor.
Note: 0B006 includes:
a. Plant for the reprocessing of irradiated “nuclear reactor” fuel elements including equipment and components which normally come into direct contact with and directly control the irradiated fuel and the major nuclear material and fission product processing streams;
b. Fuel element chopping or shredding machines, i.e. remotely operated equipment to cut, chop, shred or shear irradiated “nuclear reactor” fuel assemblies, bundles or rods;
c. Dissolvers, critically safe tanks (e.g. small diameter, annular or slab tanks) specially designed or prepared for the dissolution of irradiated “nuclear reactor” fuel, which are capable of withstanding hot, highly corrosive liquids, and which can be remotely loaded and maintained;
d. Counter‑current solvent extractors and ion‑exchange processing equipment specially designed or prepared for use in a plant for the reprocessing of irradiated “natural uranium”, “depleted uranium” or “special fissile materials”;
e. Holding or storage vessels specially designed to be critically safe and resistant to the corrosive effects of nitric acid;
Note: Holding or storage vessels may have the following features:
1. Walls or internal structures with a boron equivalent (calculated for all constituent elements as defined in the note to 0C004) of at least two per cent;
2. A maximum diameter of 175 mm for cylindrical vessels; or
3. A maximum width of 75 mm for either a slab or annular vessel.
f. Process control instrumentation specially designed or prepared for monitoring or controlling the reprocessing of irradiated “natural uranium”, “depleted uranium” or “special fissile materials”.
0B007 Plant for the conversion of plutonium and equipment specially designed or prepared therefor, as follows:
a. Systems for the conversion of plutonium nitrate to oxide;
b. Systems for plutonium metal production.
0C Materials
0C003 Deuterium, heavy water (deuterium oxide) and other compounds of deuterium, and mixtures and solutions containing deuterium, in which the isotopic ratio of deuterium to hydrogen exceeds 1:5,000.
0C004 Graphite, nuclear grade, having a purity level of less than 5 parts per million ‘boron equivalent’ and with a density greater than 1.5 g/cm3.
N.B.: SEE ALSO 1C107
Note 1: 0C004 does not control the following:
a. Manufactures of graphite having a mass less than 1 kg, other than those specially designed or prepared for use in a nuclear reactor;
b. Graphite powder.
Note 2: In 0C004, ‘boron equivalent’ (BE) is defined as the sum of BEz for impurities (excluding BEcarbon since carbon is not considered an impurity) including boron, where:
BEz (ppm) = CF x concentration of element Z in ppm;
sZ AB
where CF is the conversion factor = ‑‑‑‑‑‑‑
sB AZ
and sB and sZ are the thermal neutron capture cross sections (in barns) for naturally occurring boron and element Z respectively; and AB and AZ are the atomic masses of naturally occurring boron and element Z respectively.
0C005 Specially prepared compounds or powders for the manufacture of gaseous diffusion barriers, resistant to corrosion by UF6 (e.g. nickel or alloy containing 60 weight per cent or more nickel, aluminium oxide and fully fluorinated hydrocarbon polymers), having a purity of 99.9 weight per cent or more and a mean particle size of less than 10 micrometres measured by American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) B330 standard and a high degree of particle size uniformity.
0D Software
0D001 “Software” specially designed or modified for the “development”, “production” or “use” of goods specified in this Category.
0E Technology
0E001 “Technology” according to the Nuclear Technology Note for the “development”, “production” or “use” of goods specified in this Category.
CATEGORY 1 ‑ MATERIALS, CHEMICALS, “MICROORGANISMS” & “TOXINS”
1A Systems, Equipment and Components
1A001 Components made from fluorinated compounds, as follows:
a. Seals, gaskets, sealants or fuel bladders specially designed for “aircraft” or aerospace use made from more than 50 % by weight of any of the materials specified in 1C009.b. or 1C009.c.;
b. Piezoelectric polymers and copolymers made from vinylidene fluoride materials specified in 1C009.a.:
1. In sheet or film form; and
2. With a thickness exceeding 200 µm;
c. Seals, gaskets, valve seats, bladders or diaphragms made from fluoroelastomers containing at least one vinylether group as a constitutional unit, specially designed for “aircraft”, aerospace or ‘missile’ use.
Note: In 1A001.c., ‘missile’ means complete rocket systems and unmanned aerial vehicle systems.
1A002 “Composite” structures or laminates, having any of the following:
N.B: SEE ALSO 1A202, 9A010 and 9A110
a. Consisting of an organic “matrix” and materials specified in 1C010.c., 1C010.d. or 1C010.e.; or
b. Consisting of a metal or carbon “matrix”, and any of the following:
1. Carbon “fibrous or filamentary materials” having all of the following:
a. A “specific modulus” exceeding 10.15 x 106 m; and
b. A “specific tensile strength” exceeding 17.7 x 104 m; or
2. Materials specified in 1C010.c.
Note 1: 1A002 does not control composite structures or laminates made from epoxy resin impregnated carbon “fibrous or filamentary materials” for the repair of “civil aircraft” structures or laminates, provided the size does not exceed 100 cm x 100 cm.
Note 2: 1A002 does not control finished or semi‑finished items specially designed for purely civilian applications as follows:
a. Sporting goods;
b. Automotive industry;
c. Machine tool industry;
d. Medical applications.
1A003 Manufactures of non‑fluorinated polymeric substances, specified in 1C008.a.3., in film, sheet, tape or ribbon form having any of the following:
a. A thickness exceeding 0.254 mm; or
b. Coated or laminated with carbon, graphite, metals or magnetic substances.
Note: 1A003 does not control manufactures when coated or laminated with copper and designed for the production of electronic printed circuit boards.
1A004 Protective and detection equipment and components, other than those specified in military goods controls, as follows:
N.B.: SEE ALSO 2B351 AND 2B352.
a. Gas masks, filter canisters and decontamination equipment therefor, designed or modified for defence against any of the following, and specially designed components therefor:
1. Biological agents “adapted for use in war”;
2. Radioactive materials “adapted for use in war”;
3. Chemical warfare (CW) agents; or
4. “Riot control agents”, including:
a. a‑Bromobenzeneacetonitrile, (Bromobenzyl cyanide) (CA) (CAS 5798‑79‑8);
b. [(2‑chlorophenyl) methylene] propanedinitrile, (o‑Chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile) (CS) (CAS 2698‑41‑1);
c. 2‑Chloro‑1‑phenylethanone, Phenylacyl chloride (w‑chloroacetophenone) (CN) (CAS 532‑27‑4);
d. Dibenz‑(b,f)‑1,4‑oxazephine (CR) (CAS 257‑07‑8);
e. 10‑Chloro‑5,10‑dihydrophenarsazine, (Phenarsazine chloride), (Adamsite), (DM) (CAS 578‑94‑9);
f. N‑Nonanoylmorpholine, (MPA) (CAS 5299‑64‑9);
b. Protective suits, gloves and shoes, specially designed or modified for defence against any of the following:
1. Biological agents “adapted for use in war”;
2. Radioactive materials “adapted for use in war”; or
3. Chemical warfare (CW) agents;
c. Nuclear, biological and chemical (NBC) detection systems, specially designed or modified for detection or identification of any of the following, and specially designed components therefor:
1. Biological agents “adapted for use in war”;
2. Radioactive materials “adapted for use in war”; or
3. Chemical warfare (CW) agents.
1A004 continued
Note: 1A004 does not control:
a. Personal radiation monitoring dosimeters;
b. Equipment limited by design or function to protect against hazards specific to civil industries, such as mining, quarrying, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, medical, veterinary, environmental, waste management, or to the food industry.
Technical Notes:
1. 1A004 includes equipment and components that have been identified, successfully tested to national standards or otherwise proven effective, for the detection of or defence against radioactive materials “adapted for use in war”, biological agents “adapted for use in war”, chemical warfare agents, ‘simulants’ or “riot control agents”, even if such equipment or components are used in civil industries such as mining, quarrying, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, medical, veterinary, environmental, waste management, or the food industry.
2. ‘Simulant’ is a substance or material that is used in place of toxic agent (chemical or biological) in training, research, testing or evaluation.
1A005 Body armour, and specially designed components therefor, other than those manufactured to military standards or specifications or to their equivalents in performance.
N.B.: SEE ALSO ML13.
N.B.: For “fibrous or filamentary materials” used in the manufacture of body armour, see 1C010.
Note 1: 1A005 does not control body armour or protective garments when accompanying their user for the user’s own personal protection.
Note 2: 1A005 does not control body armour designed to provide frontal protection only from both fragment and blast from non‑military explosive devices.
1A006 Equipment, specially designed or modified for the disposal of improvised explosive devices, as follows, and specially designed components and accessories therefor:
N.B.: SEE ALSO ML4.b.
a. Remotely operated vehicles;
b. ‘Disruptors’.
Technical Note:
‘Disruptors’ are devices specially designed for the purpose of preventing the operation of an explosive device by projecting a liquid, solid or frangible projectile.
Note: 1A006 does not control equipment when accompanying its operator.
1A007 Equipment and devices, specially designed to initiate charges and devices containing energetic materials, by electrical means, as follows:
N.B.: SEE ALSO ML4.a., ML4.b., ML909, 3A229 AND 3A232.
a. Explosive detonator firing sets designed to drive explosive detonators specified in 1A007.b.;
b. Electrically driven explosive detonators as follows:
1. Exploding bridge (EB);
2. Exploding bridge wire (EBW);
3. Slapper;
4. Exploding foil initiators (EFI).
Technical Notes:
1. The word initiator or igniter is sometimes used in place of the word detonator.
2. For the purpose of 1A007.b. the detonators of concern all utilise a small electrical conductor (bridge, bridge wire, or foil) that explosively vaporises when a fast, high‑current electrical pulse is passed through it. In non slapper types, the exploding conductor starts a chemical detonation in a contacting high explosive material such as PETN (pentaerythritoltetranitrate). In slapper detonators, the explosive vaporization of the electrical conductor drives a flyer or slapper across a gap, and the impact of the slapper on an explosive starts a chemical detonation. The slapper in some designs is driven by magnetic force. The term exploding foil detonator may refer to either an EB or a slapper‑type detonator.
1A102 Resaturated pyrolized carbon‑carbon components designed for space launch vehicles specified in 9A004 or sounding rockets specified in 9A104.
1A202 Composite structures, not controlled in 1A002, in the form of tubes and having both of the following characteristics:
N.B.: SEE ALSO 9A010 AND 9A110.
a. An inside diameter of between 75 mm and 400 mm; and
b. Made with any of the “fibrous or filamentary materials” specified in 1C010.a. or b. or 1C210.a. or with carbon prepreg materials specified in 1C210.c.
1A225 Platinized catalysts specially designed or prepared for promoting the hydrogen isotope exchange reaction between hydrogen and water for the recovery of tritium from heavy water or for the production of heavy water.
1A226 Specialized packings which may be used in separating heavy water from ordinary water, having both of the following characteristics:
a. Made of phosphor bronze mesh chemically treated to improve wettability; and
b. Designed to be used in vacuum distillation towers.
1A227 High‑density (lead glass or other) radiation shielding windows, having all of the following characteristics, and specially designed frames therefor:
a. A ‘cold area’ greater than 0.09 m2;
b. A density greater than 3 g/cm3; and
c. A thickness of 100 mm or greater.
Technical Note:
In 1A227 the term ‘cold area’ means the viewing area of the window exposed to the lowest level of radiation in the design application.
1B Test, Inspection and Production Equipment
1B001 Equipment for the production of fibres, prepregs, preforms or “composites”, specified in 1A002 or 1C010, as follows, and specially designed components and accessories therefor:
N.B.: SEE ALSO 1B101 AND 1B201.
a. Filament winding machines of which the motions for positioning, wrapping and winding fibres are coordinated and programmed in three or more axes, specially designed for the manufacture of “composite” structures or laminates from “fibrous or filamentary materials”;
b. Tape‑laying or tow‑placement machines of which the motions for positioning and laying tape, tows or sheets are coordinated and programmed in two or more axes, specially designed for the manufacture of “composite” airframe or ‘missile’ structures;
Note: In 1B001.b., ‘missile’ means complete rocket systems and unmanned aerial vehicle systems.
c. Multidirectional, multidimensional weaving machines or interlacing machines, including adapters and modification kits, for weaving, interlacing or braiding fibres to manufacture “composite” structures;
Technical Note:
For the purposes of 1B001.c., the technique of interlacing includes knitting.
Note: 1B001.c. does not control textile machinery not modified for the above end‑uses.
1B001 continued
d. Equipment specially designed or adapted for the production of reinforcement fibres, as follows:
1. Equipment for converting polymeric fibres (such as polyacrylonitrile, rayon, pitch or polycarbosilane) into carbon fibres or silicon carbide fibres, including special equipment to strain the fibre during heating;
2. Equipment for the chemical vapour deposition of elements or compounds on heated filamentary substrates to manufacture silicon carbide fibres;
3. Equipment for the wet‑spinning of refractory ceramics (such as aluminium oxide);
4. Equipment for converting aluminium containing precursor fibres into alumina fibres by heat treatment;
e. Equipment for producing prepregs specified in 1C010.e. by the hot melt method;
f. Non‑destructive inspection equipment specially designed for “composite” materials, as follows:
1. X‑ray tomography systems for three dimensional defect inspection;
2. Numerically controlled ultrasonic testing machines of which the motions for positioning transmitters and/or receivers are simultaneously coordinated and programmed in four or more axes to follow the three dimensional contours of the component under inspection.
1B002 Equipment for producing metal alloys, metal alloy powder or alloyed materials,
specially designed to avoid contamination and specially designed for use in one
of the processes specified in 1C002.c.2.
N.B.: SEE ALSO 1B102.
1B003 Tools, dies, moulds or fixtures, for “superplastic forming” or “diffusion bonding”
titanium, aluminium or their alloys, specially designed for the manufacture of any of the following:
a. Airframe or aerospace structures;
b. “Aircraft” or aerospace engines; or
c. Specially designed components for those structures or engines.
1B101 Equipment, other than that specified in 1B001, for the “production” of structural composites as follows; and specially designed components and accessories therefor:
N.B.: SEE ALSO 1B201.
Note: Components and accessories specified in 1B101 include moulds, mandrels, dies, fixtures and tooling for the preform pressing, curing, casting, sintering or bonding of composite structures, laminates and manufactures thereof.
a. Filament winding machines of which the motions for positioning, wrapping
and winding fibres can be coordinated and programmed in three or more axes, designed to fabricate composite structures or laminates from fibrous or filamentary materials, and coordinating and programming controls;
b. Tape‑laying machines of which the motions for positioning and laying tape and sheets can be coordinated and programmed in two or more axes, designed for the manufacture of composite airframe and “missile” structures;
c. Equipment designed or modified for the “production” of “fibrous or filamentary materials” as follows:
1. Equipment for converting polymeric fibres (such as polyacrylonitrile, rayon or polycarbosilane) including special provision to strain the fibre during heating;
2. Equipment for the vapour deposition of elements or compounds on heated filament substrates;
3. Equipment for the wet‑spinning of refractory ceramics (such as aluminium oxide);
d. Equipment designed or modified for special fibre surface treatment or for producing prepregs and preforms specified in entry 9C110.
Note: 1B101.d. includes rollers, tension stretchers, coating equipment, cutting equipment and clicker dies.
1B102 Metal powder “production equipment”, other than that specified in 1B002, and
components as follows:
N.B.: SEE ALSO 1B115.b.
a. Metal powder “production equipment” usable for the “production”, in a controlled environment, of spherical or atomised materials specified in 1C011.a., 1C011.b., 1C111.a.1., 1C111.a.2. or in ML8.a.
b. Specially designed components for “production equipment” specified in 1B002 or 1B102.a.
1B102 continued
Note: 1B102 includes:
a. Plasma generators (high frequency arc‑jet) usable for obtaining sputtered or spherical metallic powders with organization of the process in an argon‑water environment;
b. Electroburst equipment usable for obtaining sputtered or spherical metallic powders with organization of the process in an argon‑water environment;
c. Equipment usable for the “production” of spherical aluminium powders by powdering a melt in an inert medium (e.g. nitrogen).
1B115 Equipment, other than that specified in 1B002 or 1B102, for the production of propellant and propellant constituents, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:
a. “Production equipment” for the “production”, handling or acceptance testing of liquid propellants or propellant constituents specified in 1C011.a., 1C011.b., 1C111 or in ML8;
b. “Production equipment” for the “production”, handling, mixing, curing, casting, pressing, machining, extruding or acceptance testing of solid propellants or propellant constituents specified in 1C011.a., 1C011.b., 1C111 or in ML8.
Note: 1B115.b. does not control batch mixers, continuous mixers or fluid energy mills. For the control of batch mixers, continuous mixers and fluid energy mills see 1B117, 1B118 and 1B119.
Note 1: For equipment specially designed for the production of military goods, see the Munitions List.
Note 2: 1B115 does not control equipment for the “production”, handling and acceptance testing of boron carbide.
1B116 Specially designed nozzles for producing pyrolitically derived materials formed on a mould, mandrel or other substrate from precursor gases which decompose in the 1,573 K (1,300oC) to 3,173 K (2,900oC) temperature range at pressures of 130 Pa to 20 kPa.
1B117 Batch mixers with provision for mixing under vacuum in the range of zero to 13.326 kPa and with temperature control capability of the mixing chamber and having all of the following, and specially designed components therefor:
a. A total volumetric capacity of 110 litres or more; and
b. At least one mixing/kneading shaft mounted off centre.
1B118 Continuous mixers with provision for mixing under vacuum in the range of zero to 13.326 kPa and with a temperature control capability of the mixing chamber having any of the following, and specially designed components therefor:
a. Two or more mixing/kneading shafts; or
b. A single rotating shaft which oscillates and having kneading teeth/pins on the shaft as well as inside the casing of the mixing chamber.
1B119 Fluid energy mills usable for grinding or milling substances specified in 1C011.a., 1C011.b., 1C111 or in the Munitions List, and specially designed components therefor.
1B201 Filament winding machines, not controlled in 1B001 or 1B101, and related equipment, as follows:
a. Filament winding machines having all of the following characteristics:
1. Having motions for positioning, wrapping, and winding fibres coordinated and programmed in two or more axes;
2. Specially designed to fabricate composite structures or laminates from “fibrous or filamentary materials”; and
3. Capable of winding cylindrical rotors of diameter between 75 and 400 mm and lengths of 600 mm or greater;
b. Coordinating and programming controls for the filament winding machines specified in 1B201.a.;
c. Precision mandrels for the filament winding machines specified in 1B201.a.
1B225 Electrolytic cells for fluorine production with an output capacity greater than 250 g of fluorine per hour.
1B226 Electromagnetic isotope separators designed for, or equipped with, single or multiple ion sources capable of providing a total ion beam current of 50 mA or greater.
Note: 1B226 includes separators:
a. Capable of enriching stable isotopes;
b. With the ion sources and collectors both in the magnetic field and those configurations in which they are external to the field.
1B227 Ammonia synthesis converters or ammonia synthesis units, in which the synthesis gas (nitrogen and hydrogen) is withdrawn from an ammonia/hydrogen high‑pressure exchange column and the synthesized ammonia is returned to said column.
1B228 Hydrogen‑cryogenic distillation columns having all of the following characteristics:
a. Designed for operation with internal temperatures of 35 K (‑238°C) or less;
b. Designed for operation at an internal pressure of 0.5 to 5 MPa;
c. Constructed of either:
1. Stainless steel of the 300 series with low sulphur content and with an austenitic ASTM (or equivalent standard) grain size number of 5 or greater; or
2. Equivalent materials which are both cryogenic and H2‑compatible; and
d. With internal diameters of 1 m or greater and effective lengths of 5 m or greater.
1B229 Water‑hydrogen sulphide exchange tray columns and ‘internal contactors’, as follows:
N.B.: For columns which are specially designed or prepared for the production of heavy water see 0B004.
a. Water‑hydrogen sulphide exchange tray columns, having all of the following characteristics:
1. Can operate at pressures of 2 MPa or greater;
2. Constructed of carbon steel having an austenitic ASTM (or equivalent standard) grain size number of 5 or greater; and
3. With a diameter of 1.8 m or greater;
b. ‘Internal contactors’ for the water‑hydrogen sulphide exchange tray columns specified in 1B229.a.
Technical Note:
‘Internal contactors’ of the columns are segmented trays which have an effective assembled diameter of 1.8 m or greater, are designed to facilitate countercurrent contacting and are constructed of stainless steels with a carbon content of 0.03% or less. These may be sieve trays, valve trays, bubble cap trays, or turbogrid trays.
1B230 Pumps capable of circulating solutions of concentrated or dilute potassium amide catalyst in liquid ammonia (KNH2/NH3), having all of the following characteristics:
a. Airtight (i.e., hermetically sealed);
b. A capacity greater than 8.5 m3/h; and
c. Either of the following characteristics:
1. For concentrated potassium amide solutions (1% or greater), an operating pressure of 1.5 to 60 MPa; or
2. For dilute potassium amide solutions (less than 1%), an operating pressure of 20 to 60 MPa.
1B231 Tritium facilities or plants, and equipment therefor, as follows:
a. Facilities or plants for the production, recovery, extraction, concentration, or handling of tritium;
b. Equipment for tritium facilities or plants, as follows:
1. Hydrogen or helium refrigeration units capable of cooling to 23 K (‑250°C) or less, with heat removal capacity greater than 150 W;
2. Hydrogen isotope storage or purification systems using metal hydrides as the storage or purification medium.
1B232 Turboexpanders or turboexpander‑compressor sets having both of the following characteristics:
a. Designed for operation with an outlet temperature of 35 K (‑238°C) or less; and
b. Designed for a throughput of hydrogen gas of 1000 kg/h or greater.
1B233 Lithium isotope separation facilities or plants, and equipment therefor, as follows:
a. Facilities or plants for the separation of lithium isotopes;
b. Equipment for the separation of lithium isotopes, as follows:
1. Packed liquid‑liquid exchange columns specially designed for lithium amalgams;
2. Mercury or lithium amalgam pumps;
3. Lithium amalgam electrolysis cells;
4. Evaporators for concentrated lithium hydroxide solution.
1C Materials
Technical Note:
Metals and alloys:
Unless provision to the contrary is made, the words ‘metals’ and ‘alloys’ in 1C001 to 1C012 cover crude and semi‑fabricated forms, as follows:
Crude forms:
Anodes, balls, bars (including notched bars and wire bars), billets, blocks, blooms, brickets, cakes, cathodes, crystals, cubes, dice, grains, granules, ingots, lumps, pellets, pigs, powder, rondelles, shot, slabs, slugs, sponge, sticks;
1C Materials continued
Semi‑fabricated forms (whether or not coated, plated, drilled or punched):
a. Wrought or worked materials fabricated by rolling, drawing, extruding, forging, impact extruding, pressing, graining, atomising, and grinding, i.e.: angles, channels, circles, discs, dust, flakes, foils and leaf, forging, plate, powder, pressings and stampings, ribbons, rings, rods (including bare welding rods, wire rods, and rolled wire), sections, shapes, sheets, strip, pipe and tubes (including tube rounds, squares, and hollows), drawn or extruded wire;
b. Cast material produced by casting in sand, die, metal, plaster or other types of moulds, including high pressure castings, sintered forms, and forms made by powder metallurgy.
The object of the control should not be defeated by the export of non‑listed forms alleged to be finished products but representing in reality crude forms or semi‑fabricated forms.
1C001 Materials specially designed for use as absorbers of electromagnetic waves, or
intrinsically conductive polymers, as follows:
N.B.: SEE ALSO 1C101.
a. Materials for absorbing frequencies exceeding 2 x 108 Hz but less than 3 x 1012 Hz;
Note 1: 1C001.a. does not control:
a. Hair type absorbers, constructed of natural or synthetic fibres, with non‑magnetic loading to provide absorption;
b. Absorbers having no magnetic loss and whose incident surface is non‑planar in shape, including pyramids, cones, wedges and convoluted surfaces;
c. Planar absorbers, having all of the following:
1. Made from any of the following:
a. Plastic foam materials (flexible or non‑flexible) with carbon‑loading, or organic materials, including binders, providing more than 5% echo compared with metal over a bandwidth exceeding ±15% of the centre frequency of the incident energy, and not capable of withstanding temperatures exceeding 450 K (177°C); or
b. Ceramic materials providing more than 20% echo compared with metal over a bandwidth exceeding ±15% of the centre frequency of the incident energy, and not capable of withstanding temperatures exceeding 800 K (527°C);
1C001 a. continued
Technical Note:
Absorption test samples for 1C001.a. Note: 1.c.1. should be a square at least 5 wavelengths of the centre frequency on a side and positioned in the far field of the radiating element.
2. Tensile strength less than 7 x 106 N/m2; and
3. Compressive strength less than 14 x 106 N/m2;
d. Planar absorbers made of sintered ferrite, having all of the following:
1. A specific gravity exceeding 4.4; and
2. A maximum operating temperature of 548 K (275°C).
Note 2: Nothing in Note 1 to 1C001.a. releases magnetic materials to provide absorption when contained in paint.
b. Materials for absorbing frequencies exceeding 1.5 x 1014 Hz but less than 3.7 x 1014 Hz and not transparent to visible light;
c. Intrinsically conductive polymeric materials with a ‘bulk electrical conductivity’ exceeding 10,000 S/m (Siemens per metre) or a ‘sheet (surface) resistivity’ of less than 100 ohms/square, based on any of the following polymers:
1. Polyaniline;
2. Polypyrrole;
3. Polythiophene;
4. Poly phenylene‑vinylene; or
5. Poly thienylene‑vinylene.
Technical Note:
‘Bulk electrical conductivity’ and ‘sheet (surface) resistivity’ should be determined using ASTM D‑257 or national equivalents.
1C002 Metal alloys, metal alloy powder and alloyed materials, as follows:
N.B.: SEE ALSO 1C202.
Note: 1C002 does not control metal alloys, metal alloy powder and alloyed materials for coating substrates.
Technical Notes:
1. The metal alloys in 1C002 are those containing a higher percentage by weight of the stated metal than of any other element.
2. ‘Stress‑rupture life’ should be measured in accordance with ASTM standard E‑139 or national equivalents.
1C002 continued
3. ‘Low cycle fatigue life’ should be measured in accordance with ASTM Standard E‑606 ‘Recommended Practice for Constant‑Amplitude Low‑Cycle Fatigue Testing’ or national equivalents. Testing should be axial with an average stress ratio equal to 1 and a stress‑concentration factor (Kt) equal to 1. The average stress is defined as maximum stress minus minimum stress divided by maximum stress.
a. Aluminides, as follows:
1. Nickel aluminides containing a minimum of 15 % by weight aluminium, a maximum of 38 % by weight aluminium and at least one additional alloying element;
2. Titanium aluminides containing 10 % by weight or more aluminium and at least one additional alloying element;
b. Metal alloys, as follows, made from material specified in 1C002.c.:
1. Nickel alloys having any of the following:
a. A ‘stress‑rupture life’ of 10,000 hours or longer at 923 K (650°C) at a stress of 676 MPa; or
b. A ‘low cycle fatigue life’ of 10,000 cycles or more at 823 K (550° C) at a maximum stress of 1,095 MPa;
2. Niobium alloys having any of the following:
a. A ‘stress‑rupture life’ of 10,000 hours or longer at 1,073 K (800°C) at a stress of 400 MPa; or
b. A ‘low cycle fatigue life’ of 10,000 cycles or more at 973 K (700°C) at a maximum stress of 700 MPa;
3. Titanium alloys having any of the following:
a. A ‘stress‑rupture life’ of 10,000 hours or longer at 723 K (450°C) at a stress of 200 MPa; or
b. A ‘low cycle fatigue life’ of 10,000 cycles or more at 723 K (450°C) at a maximum stress of 400 MPa;
4. Aluminium alloys having any of the following:
a. A tensile strength of 240 MPa or more at 473 K (200°C); or
b. A tensile strength of 415 MPa or more at 298 K (25°C);
5. Magnesium alloys having any of the following:
a. A tensile strength of 345 MPa or more; and
b. A corrosion rate of less than 1 mm/year in 3% sodium chloride aqueous solution measured in accordance with ASTM standard G‑31 or national equivalents;
1C002 continued
c. Metal alloy powder or particulate material for material, having all of the following:
1. Made from any of the following composition systems:
Technical Note:
X in the following equals one or more alloying elements.
a. Nickel alloys (Ni‑Al‑X, Ni‑X‑Al) qualified for turbine engine parts or components, i.e. with less than 3 non‑metallic particles (introduced during the manufacturing process) larger than 100 µm in 109 alloy particles;
b. Niobium alloys (Nb‑Al‑X or Nb‑X‑Al, Nb‑Si‑X or Nb‑X‑Si, Nb‑Ti‑X or Nb‑X‑Ti);
c. Titanium alloys (Ti‑Al‑X or Ti‑X‑Al);
d. Aluminium alloys (Al‑Mg‑X or Al‑X‑Mg, Al‑Zn‑X or Al‑X‑Zn, Al‑Fe‑X or Al‑X‑Fe); or
e. Magnesium alloys (Mg‑Al‑X or Mg‑X‑Al);
2. Made in a controlled environment by any of the following processes:
a. “Vacuum atomisation”;
b. “Gas atomisation”;
c. “Rotary atomisation”;
d. “Splat quenching”;
e. “Melt spinning” and “comminution”;
f. “Melt extraction” and “comminution”; or
g. “Mechanical alloying”; and
3. Capable of forming materials specified in 1C002.a. or 1C002.b.
d. Alloyed materials having all of the following:
1. Made from any of the composition systems specified in 1C002.c.1.;
2. In the form of uncomminuted flakes, ribbons or thin rods; and
3. Produced in a controlled environment by any of the following:
a. “Splat quenching”;
b. “Melt spinning”; or
c. “Melt extraction”.
1C003 Magnetic metals, of all types and of whatever form, having any of the following:
a. Initial relative permeability of 120,000 or more and a thickness of 0.05 mm or less;
Technical Note:
Measurement of initial permeability must be performed on fully annealed materials.
b. Magnetostrictive alloys, having any of the following:
1. A saturation magnetostriction of more than 5 x 10‑4; or
2. A magnetomechanical coupling factor (k) of more than 0.8; or
c. Amorphous or ‘nanocrystalline’ alloy strips, having all of the following characteristics:
1. A composition having a minimum of 75 % by weight of iron, cobalt or nickel;
2. A saturation magnetic induction (Bs) of 1.6 T or more; and
3. Any of the following:
a. A strip thickness of 0.02 mm or less; or
b. An electrical resistivity of 2 x 10‑4 ohm cm or more.
Technical Note:
‘Nanocrystalline’ materials in 1C003.c. are those materials having a crystal grain size of 50 nm or less, as determined by X‑ray diffraction.
1C004 Uranium titanium alloys or tungsten alloys with a “matrix” based on iron, nickel or copper, having all of the following:
a. A density exceeding 17.5 g/cm3;
b. An elastic limit exceeding 880 MPa;
c. An ultimate tensile strength exceeding 1,270 MPa; and
d. An elongation exceeding 8%.
1C005 “Superconductive” “composite” conductors in lengths exceeding 100 m or with a mass exceeding 100 g, as follows:
a. “Superconductive” “composite” conductors containing one or more niobium‑titanium ‘filaments’, having all of the following:
1. Embedded in a “matrix” other than a copper or copper‑based mixed “matrix”; and
2. Having a cross‑section area less than 0.28 x 10‑4 mm2 (6 µm in diameter for circular ‘filaments’);
b. “Superconductive” “composite” conductors consisting of one or more “superconductive” ‘filaments’ other than niobium‑titanium, having all of the following:
1C005 b. continued
1. A “critical temperature” at zero magnetic induction exceeding 9.85 K (‑263.31°C); and
2. Remaining in the “superconductive” state at a temperature of 4.2 K
(‑268.96°C) when exposed to a magnetic field oriented in any direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of conductor and corresponding to a magnetic induction of 12 T with critical current density exceeding 1,750 A/mm2 on overall cross‑section of the conductor;
c. “Superconductive” “composite” conductors consisting of one or more “superconductive” ‘filaments’ which remain “superconductive” above 115 K (‑158.16°C).
Technical Note:
For the purpose of 1C005 ‘filaments’ may be in wire, cylinder, film, tape or ribbon form.
1C006 Fluids and lubricating materials, as follows:
a. Hydraulic fluids containing, as their principal ingredients, any of the following compounds or materials:
1. Synthetic ‘silahydrocarbon oils’, having all of the following:
Technical Note:
For the purpose of 1C006.a.1., ‘silahydrocarbon oils’ contain exclusively silicon, hydrogen and carbon.
a. A ‘flash point’ exceeding 477 K (204°C);
b. A ‘pour point’ at 239 K (‑34°C) or less;
c. A ‘viscosity index’ of 75 or more; and
d. A ‘thermal stability’ at 616 K (343°C); or
2. ‘Chlorofluorocarbons’, having all of the following:
Technical Note:
For the purpose of 1C006.a.2., ‘chlorofluorocarbons’ contain exclusively carbon, fluorine and chlorine.
a. No ‘flash point’;
b. An ‘autogenous ignition temperature’ exceeding 977 K (704°C);
c. A ‘pour point’ at 219 K (‑54°C) or less;
d. A ‘viscosity index’ of 80 or more; and
e. A boiling point at 473 K (200°C) or higher;
b. Lubricating materials containing, as their principal ingredients, any of the following:
1. Phenylene or alkylphenylene ethers or thio‑ethers, or their mixtures, containing more than two ether or thio‑ether functions or mixtures thereof; or
1C006 b. continued
2. Fluorinated silicone fluids with a kinematic viscosity of less than 5,000 mm2/s (5,000 centistokes) measured at 298 K (25°C);
c. Damping or flotation fluids with a purity exceeding 99.8%, containing less than 25 particles of 200 µm or larger in size per 100 ml and made from at least 85% of any of the following compounds or materials:
1. Dibromotetrafluoroethane;
2. Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (oily and waxy modifications only); or
3. Polybromotrifluoroethylene;
d. Fluorocarbon electronic cooling fluids having all of the following:
1. Containing 85% by weight or more of any of the following, or mixtures thereof:
a. Monomeric forms of perfluoropolyalkylether‑triazines or perfluoroaliphatic‑ethers;
b. Perfluoroalkylamines;
c. Perfluorocycloalkanes; or
d. Perfluoroalkanes;
2. Density at 298 K (25°C) of 1.5 g/ml or more;
3. In a liquid state at 273 K (0°C); and
4. Containing 60% or more by weight of fluorine.
Technical Note:
For the purpose of 1C006:
1. ‘Flash point’ is determined using the Cleveland Open Cup Method described in ASTM D‑92 or national equivalents;
2. ‘Pour point’ is determined using the method described in ASTM D‑97 or national equivalents;
3. ‘Viscosity index’ is determined using the method described in ASTM D‑2270 or national equivalents;
4. ‘Thermal stability’ is determined by the following test procedure or national equivalents:
Twenty ml of the fluid under test is placed in a 46 ml type 317 stainless steel chamber containing one each of 12.5 mm (nominal) diameter balls of M‑10 tool steel, 52100 steel and naval bronze (60% Cu, 39% Zn, 0.75% Sn);
The chamber is purged with nitrogen, sealed at atmospheric pressure and the temperature raised to and maintained at 644 ± 6 K (371 ± 6°C) for six hours;
The specimen will be considered thermally stable if, on completion of the above procedure, all of the following conditions are met:
a. The loss in weight of each ball is less than 10 mg/mm2 of ball surface;
b. The change in original viscosity as determined at 311 K (38°C) is less than 25%; and
c. The total acid or base number is less than 0.40;
5. ‘Autogenous ignition’ temperature is determined using the method described in ASTM E‑659 or national equivalents.
1C007 Ceramic base materials, non‑“composite” ceramic materials, ceramic‑“matrix”
“composite” materials and precursor materials, as follows:
N.B.: SEE ALSO 1C107.
a. Base materials of single or complex borides of titanium having total metallic impurities, excluding intentional additions, of less than 5,000 ppm, an average particle size equal to or less than 5 µm and no more than 10% of the particles larger than 10 µm;
b. Non‑“composite” ceramic materials in crude or semi‑fabricated form, composed of borides of titanium with a density of 98% or more of the theoretical density;
Note: 1C007.b. does not control abrasives.
c. Ceramic‑ceramic “composite” materials with a glass or oxide‑“matrix” and reinforced with fibres having all of the following:
1. Made from any of the following materials:
a. Si‑N;
b. Si‑C;
c. Si‑Al‑O‑N; or
d. Si‑O‑N; and
2. Having a “specific tensile strength” exceeding 12.7 x 103m;
d. Ceramic‑ceramic “composite” materials, with or without a continuous metallic phase, incorporating particles, whiskers or fibres, where carbides or nitrides of silicon, zirconium or boron form the “matrix”;
e. Precursor materials (i.e., special purpose polymeric or metallo‑organic materials) for producing any phase or phases of the materials specified in 1C007.c., as follows:
1. Polydiorganosilanes (for producing silicon carbide);
2. Polysilazanes (for producing silicon nitride);
3. Polycarbosilazanes (for producing ceramics with silicon, carbon and nitrogen components);
f. Ceramic‑ceramic “composite” materials with an oxide or glass “matrix” reinforced with continuous fibres from any of the following systems:
1. Al2O3; or
2. Si‑C‑N.
Note: 1C007.f. does not control “composites” containing fibres from these systems with a fibre tensile strength of less than 700 MPa at 1,273 K (1,000°C) or fibre tensile creep resistance of more than 1% creep strain at 100 MPa load and 1,273 K (1,000°C) for 100 hours.
1C008 Non‑fluorinated polymeric substances as follows:
a. 1. Bismaleimides;
2. Aromatic polyamide‑imides;
3. Aromatic polyimides;
4. Aromatic polyetherimides having a glass transition temperature (Tg) exceeding 513 K (240°C);
Note 1: 1C008.a. controls the substances in liquid or solid form, including resin, powder, pellet, film, sheet, tape or ribbon;
Note 2: 1C008.a. does not control non‑fusible compression moulding powders or moulded forms.
b. Thermoplastic liquid crystal copolymers having a heat distortion temperature exceeding 523 K (250°C) measured according to ISO 75‑2 (2004), method A or national equivalents, with a load of 1.80 N/mm2 and composed of:
1. Any of the following:
a. Phenylene, biphenylene or naphthalene; or
b. Methyl, tertiary‑butyl or phenyl substituted phenylene, biphenylene or naphthalene; and
2. Any of the following:
a. Terephthalic acid;
b. 6‑hydroxy‑2 naphthoic acid; or
c. 4‑hydroxybenzoic acid;
c. Deleted;
d. Polyarylene ketones;
e. Polyarylene sulphides, where the arylene group is biphenylene, triphenylene or combinations thereof;
f. Polybiphenylenethersulphone having a ‘glass transition temperature (Tg) ‘ exceeding 513 K (240°C).
Technical Note:
The ‘glass transition temperature (Tg)’ for 1C008 materials is determined using the method described in ISO 11357‑2 (1999) or national equivalents.
1C009 Unprocessed fluorinated compounds as follows:
a. Copolymers of vinylidene fluoride having 75% or more beta crystalline structure without stretching;
b. Fluorinated polyimides containing 10% by weight or more of combined fluorine;
c. Fluorinated phosphazene elastomers containing 30% by weight or more of combined fluorine.
1C010 “Fibrous or filamentary materials”, which may be used in organic “matrix”, metallic “matrix” or carbon “matrix” “composite” structures or laminates, as follows:
N.B.: SEE ALSO 1C210.
a. Organic “fibrous or filamentary materials”, having all of the following:
1. A “specific modulus” exceeding 12.7 x 106 m; and
2. A “specific tensile strength” exceeding 23.5 x 104 m;
Note: 1C010.a. does not control polyethylene.
b. Carbon “fibrous or filamentary materials”, having all of the following:
1. A “specific modulus” exceeding 12.7 x 106 m; and
2. A “specific tensile strength” exceeding 23.5 x 104 m;
Note: 1C010.b. does not control fabric made from “fibrous or filamentary materials” for the repair of “civil aircraft” structures or laminates, in which the size of individual sheets does not exceed 100 cm x 100 cm.
Technical Note:
Properties for materials described in 1C010.b. should be determined using SACMA recommended methods SRM 12 to 17, or national equivalent tow tests, such as Japanese Industrial Standard JIS‑R‑7601, Paragraph 6.6.2., and based on lot average.
c. Inorganic “fibrous or filamentary materials”, having all of the following:
1. A “specific modulus” exceeding 2.54 x 106 m; and
2. A melting, softening, decomposition or sublimation point exceeding 1,922 K (1,649°C) in an inert environment;
Note: 1C010.c. does not control:
a. Discontinuous, multiphase, polycrystalline alumina fibres in chopped fibre or random mat form, containing 3 % by weight or more silica, with a “specific modulus” of less than 10 x 106 m;
b. Molybdenum and molybdenum alloy fibres;
c. Boron fibres;
d. Discontinuous ceramic fibres with a melting, softening, decomposition or sublimation point lower than 2,043 K (1,770°C) in an inert environment.
d. “Fibrous or filamentary materials”, having any of the following:
1. Composed of any of the following:
a. Polyetherimides specified in 1C008.a.; or
b. Materials specified in 1C008.b. to 1C008.f.; or
2. Composed of materials specified in 1C010.d.1.a. or 1C010.d.1.b. and “commingled” with other fibres specified in 1C010.a., 1C010.b. or 1C010.c.;
1C010 continued
e. Resin‑impregnated or pitch‑impregnated fibres (prepregs), metal or carbon‑coated fibres (preforms) or “carbon fibre preforms”, as follows:
1. Made from “fibrous or filamentary materials” specified in 1C010.a., 1C010.b. or 1C010.c.;
2. Made from organic or carbon “fibrous or filamentary materials”, having any of the following:
a. A “specific tensile strength” exceeding 17.7 x 104 m;
b. A “specific modulus” exceeding 10.15 x 106 m;
c. Not specified in 1C010.a. or 1C010.b.; and
d. When impregnated with materials specified in 1C008 or 1C009.b., having a ‘glass transition temperature (Tg)’ exceeding 383 K (110°C) or with phenolic or epoxy resins, having a ‘glass transition temperature (Tg)’ equal to or exceeding 418 K (145°C).
Notes: 1C010.e. does not control:
a. Epoxy resin “matrix” impregnated carbon “fibrous or filamentary materials” (prepregs) for the repair of “civil aircraft” structures or laminates, in which the size of individual sheets of prepreg does not exceed 100 cm x 100 cm;
b. Prepregs when impregnated with phenolic or epoxy resins having a ‘glass transition temperature (Tg)’ less than 433 K (160°C) and a cure temperature lower than the ‘glass transition temperature (Tg)’.
Technical Note:
The ‘glass transition temperature (Tg)’ for 1C010.e. materials is determined using the method described in ASTM D 3418 using the dry method. The ‘glass transition temperature (Tg)’ for phenolic and epoxy resins is determined using the method described in ASTM D 4065 at a frequency of 1Hz and a heating rate of 2 K (°C) per minute using the dry method.
1C011 Metals and compounds, as follows:
N.B.: SEE ALSO ML8.a.1., ML8.a.2. AND 1C111.
a. Metals in particle sizes of less than 60 µm whether spherical, atomised, spheroidal, flaked or ground, manufactured from material consisting of 99% or more of zirconium, magnesium and alloys thereof;
Technical Note:
The natural content of hafnium in the zirconium (typically 2% to 7%) is counted with the zirconium.
Note: The metals or alloys specified in 1C011.a. are controlled whether or not the metals or alloys are encapsulated in aluminium, magnesium, zirconium or beryllium.
1C011 continued
b. Boron or boron carbide of 85% purity or higher, and a particle size of 60 µm or less;
Note: The metals or alloys specified in 1C011.b. are controlled whether or not the metals or alloys are encapsulated in aluminium, magnesium, zirconium or beryllium.
c. Guanidine nitrate;
d. Nitroguanidine (NQ) (CAS 556‑88‑7).
1C012 Materials as follows:
Technical Note:
These materials are typically used for nuclear heat sources.
a. Plutonium in any form with a plutonium isotopic assay of plutonium‑238 of more than 50% by weight;
Note: 1C012.a. does not control:
a. Shipments with a plutonium content of 1 g or less;
b. Shipments of 3 “effective grams” or less when contained in a sensing component in instruments.
b. “Previously separated” neptunium‑237 in any form.
Note: 1C012.b. does not control shipments with a neptunium‑237 content of 1 g or less.
1C101 Materials and devices for reduced observables such as radar reflectivity,
ultraviolet/infrared signatures and acoustic signatures, not controlled
in 1C001, usable in ‘missiles’, “missile” subsystems or unmanned aerial vehicles specified in 9A012.
Note 1: 1C101 includes:
a. Structural materials and coatings specially designed for reduced radar reflectivity;
b. Coatings, including paints, specially designed for reduced or tailored reflectivity or emissivity in the microwave, infrared or ultraviolet regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Note 2: 1C101 does not include coatings when specially used for the thermal control of satellites.
Technical Note:
In 1C101 ‘missile’ means complete rocket systems and unmanned aerial vehicle systems capable of a range exceeding 300 km.
1C102 Resaturated pyrolized carbon‑carbon materials designed for space launch vehicles specified in 9A004 or sounding rockets specified in 9A104.
1C107 Graphite and ceramic materials, not controlled in 1C007, as follows:
a. Fine grain graphites with a bulk density of 1.72 g/cm3 or greater, measured at 288 K (15°C), and having a grain size of 100 µm or less, usable for rocket nozzles and re‑entry vehicle nose tips, which can be machined to any of the following products:
1. Cylinders having a diameter of 120 mm or greater and a length of 50 mm or greater;
2. Tubes having an inner diameter of 65 mm or greater and a wall thickness of 25 mm or greater and a length of 50 mm or greater; or
3. Blocks having a size of 120 mm x 120 mm x 50 mm or greater;
N.B.: SEE ALSO 0C004
b. Pyrolytic or fibrous reinforced graphites, usable for rocket nozzles and reentry vehicle nose tips usable in “missiles”, space launch vehicles specified in 9A004 or sounding rockets specified in 9A104;
N.B.: SEE ALSO 0C004
c. Ceramic composite materials (dielectric constant less than 6 at any frequency from 100 MHz to 100 GHz) for use in radomes usable in “missiles”, space launch vehicles specified in 9A004 or sounding rockets specified in 9A104;
d. Bulk machinable silicon‑carbide reinforced unfired ceramic, usable for nose tips usable in “missiles”, space launch vehicles specified in 9A004 or sounding rockets specified in 9A104;
e. Reinforced silicon‑carbide ceramic composites, usable for nose tips, reentry vehicles and nozzle flaps usable in “missiles”, space launch vehicles specified in 9A004 or sounding rockets specified in 9A104.
1C111 Propellants and constituent chemicals for propellants, not controlled in 1C011, as follows:
a. Propulsive substances:
1. Spherical aluminium powder, other than that specified in ML8.a., with particles of uniform diameter of less than 200 µm and an aluminium content of 97% by weight or more, if at least 10% of the total weight is made up of particles of less than 63 µm, according to ISO 2591:1988 or national equivalents;
Technical Note:
A particle size of 63 µm (ISO R‑565) corresponds to 250 mesh (Tyler) or 230 mesh (ASTM standard E‑11).
2. Metal fuels, other than that specified in ML8.a., in particle sizes of less than 60 µm, whether spherical, atomized, spheroidal, flaked or ground, consisting 97% by weight or more of any of the following:
a. Zirconium;
b. Beryllium;
c. Magnesium; or
d. Alloys of the metals specified by a. to c. above;
1C111 a. continued
Technical Note:
The natural content of hafnium in the zirconium (typically 2% to 7%) is counted with the zirconium.
3. Oxidiser substances usable in liquid propellant rocket engines as follows:
a. Dinitrogen trioxide (CAS 10544‑73‑7);
b. Nitrogen dioxide (CAS 10102‑44‑0)/dinitrogen tetroxide (CAS 10544‑72‑6);
c. Dinitrogen pentoxide (CAS 10102‑03‑1);
d. Mixed Oxides of Nitrogen (MON);
Technical Note:
Mixed Oxides of Nitrogen (MON) are solutions of Nitric Oxide (NO) in Dinitrogen Tetroxide/Nitrogen Dioxide (N2O4/NO2 ) that can be used in missile systems. There are a range of compositions that can be denoted as MONi or MONij, where i and j are integers representing the percentage of Nitric Oxide in the mixture (e.g., MON3 contains 3% Nitric Oxide, MON25 25% Nitric Oxide. An upper limit is MON40, 40% by weight).
e. See ML8.d.10. for Inhibited Red Fuming Nitric Acid (IRFNA);
f. See ML8.d.3. and 1C238 for
compounds composed of fluorine and one or more of other halogens, oxygen or nitrogen;
4. Hydrazine derivatives as follows:
N.B.: SEE ALSO ML8.c.4.
a. Trimethylhydrazine;
b. Tetramethylhydrazine;
c. N,N diallylhydrazine;
d. Allylhydrazine;
e. Ethylene dihydrazine;
f. Monomethylhydrazine dinitrate;
g. Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine nitrate;
h. Hydrazinium azide;
i. Dimethylhydrazinium azide;
j. Hydrazinium dinitrate;
k. Diimido oxalic acid dihydrazine;
l. 2‑hydroxyethylhydrazine nitrate (HEHN);
m. See ML8.c.4. for Hydrazinium perchlorate;
n. Hydrazinium diperchlorate;
o. Methylhydrazine nitrate (MHN);
p. Diethylhydrazine nitrate (DEHN);
q. 3,6‑dihydrazino tetrazine nitrate (1,4‑dihydrazine nitrate) (DHTN);
b. Polymeric substances:
1. Carboxy‑terminated polybutadiene (including carboxyl‑terminated polybutadiene) (CTPB);
1C111 b. continued
2. Hydroxy‑terminated polybutadiene (including hydroxyl‑terminated polybutadiene) (HTPB), other than that specified in ML8.e.22.;
3. Polybutadiene‑acrylic acid (PBAA);
4. Polybutadiene‑acrylic acid‑acrylonitrile (PBAN);
5. Polytetrahydrofuran polyethylene glycol (TPEG);
Technical Note:
Polytetrahydrofuran polyethylene glycol (TPEG) is a block co‑polymer of poly 1,4‑Butanediol and polyethylene glycol (PEG).
c. Other propellant additives and agents:
1. See ML8.c.3. for carboranes, decaboranes, pentaboranes and derivatives thereof;
2. Triethylene glycol dinitrate (TEGDN) (CAS 111‑22‑8);
3. 2‑Nitrodiphenylamine;
4. Trimethylolethane trinitrate (TMETN);
5. Diethylene glycol dinitrate (DEGDN) (CAS 693‑21‑0);
6. Ferrocene derivatives as follows:
a. See ML8.f.4.b. for catocene;
b. Ethyl ferrocene;
c. Propyl ferrocene (CAS 1273‑89‑8);
d. See ML8.f.4.d. for n‑butyl ferrocene;
e. Pentyl ferrocene (CAS 1274‑00‑6);
f. Dicyclopentyl ferrocene (CAS 20773‑28‑8);
g. Dicyclohexyl ferrocene;
h. Diethyl ferrocene;
i. Dipropyl ferrocene;
j. Dibutyl ferrocene (CAS 1274‑08‑4);
k. Dihexyl ferrocene (CAS 93894‑59‑8);
l. Acetyl ferrocenes;
m. See ML8.f.4.c. for ferrocene carboxylic acids;
n. See ML8.f.4.a. for butacene;
o. Other ferrocene derivatives usable as rocket propellant burning rate modifiers, not controlled in ML8.f.4.e.
Note: For propellants and constituent chemicals for propellants not specified in 1C111, see ML8.
1C116 Maraging steels having an ultimate tensile strength of 1,500 MPa or greater, measured at 293 K (20°C), in the form of sheet, plate or tubing with a wall or plate thickness equal to or less than 5 mm.
N.B.: SEE ALSO 1C216.
Technical Note:
Maraging steels are iron alloys generally characterised by high nickel, very low carbon content and the use of substitutional elements or precipitates to produce strengthening and age‑hardening of the alloy.
1C117 Tungsten, molybdenum and alloys of these metals in the form of uniform spherical or atomized particles of 500 micrometre diameter or less with a purity of 97% or greater for fabrication of rocket motor components usable in “missiles”, space launch vehicles specified in 9A004 or sounding rockets specified in 9A104 (i.e., heat shields, nozzle substrates, nozzle throats and thrust vector control surfaces).
1C118 Titanium‑stabilised duplex stainless steel (Ti‑DSS) having all of the following:
a. Having all of the following characteristics:
1. Containing 17.0 – 23.0 weight percent chromium and 4.5 – 7.0 weight percent nickel;
2. Having a titanium content of greater than 0.10 weight percent; and
3. A ferritic‑austenitic microstructure (also referred to as a two‑phase microstructure) of which at least 10 percent is austenite by volume (according to ASTM E‑1181‑87 or national equivalents); and
b. Having any of the following forms:
1. Ingots or bars having a size of 100 mm or more in each dimension;
2. Sheets having a width of 600 mm or more and a thickness of 3 mm or less; or
3. Tubes having an outer diameter of 600 mm or more and a wall thickness of 3 mm or less.
1C202 Alloys, not controlled in 1C002.b.3. or .b.4., as follows:
a. Aluminium alloys having both of the following characteristics:
1. ‘Capable of’ an ultimate tensile strength of 460 MPa or more at 293 K (20°C); and
2. In the form of tubes or cylindrical solid forms (including forgings) with an outside diameter of more than 75 mm;
b. Titanium alloys having both of the following characteristics:
1. ‘Capable of’ an ultimate tensile strength of 900 MPa or more at 293 K (20°C); and
2. In the form of tubes or cylindrical solid forms (including forgings) with an outside diameter of more than 75 mm.
Technical Note:
The phrase alloys ‘capable of’ encompasses alloys before or after heat treatment.
1C210 ‘Fibrous or filamentary materials’ or prepregs, not controlled in 1C010.a., b. or e., as follows:
a. Carbon or aramid ‘fibrous or filamentary materials’ having either of the following characteristics:
1C210 a. continued
1. A “specific modulus” of 12.7 x 106 m or greater; or
2. A “specific tensile strength” of 235 x 103 m or greater;
Note: 1C210.a. does not control aramid ‘fibrous or filamentary materials’ having 0.25 percent or more by weight of an ester based fibre surface modifier;
b. Glass ‘fibrous or filamentary materials’ having both of the following characteristics:
1. A “specific modulus” of 3.18 x 106 m or greater; and
2. A “specific tensile strength” of 76.2 x 103 m or greater;
c. Thermoset resin impregnated continuous “yarns”, “rovings”, “tows” or “tapes” with a width of 15 mm or less (prepregs), made from carbon or glass ‘fibrous or filamentary materials’ specified in 1C210.a. or b.
Technical Note:
The resin forms the matrix of the composite.
Note: In 1C210, ‘fibrous or filamentary materials’ is restricted to continuous “monofilaments”, “yarns”, “rovings”, “tows” or “tapes”.
1C216 Maraging steel, other than that specified in 1C116, ‘capable of’ an ultimate tensile strength of 2,050 MPa or more, at 293 K (20oC).
Note: 1C216 does not control forms in which all linear dimensions are 75 mm or less.
Technical Note:
The phrase maraging steel ‘capable of’ encompasses maraging steel before or after heat treatment.
1C225 Boron enriched in the boron‑10 (10B) isotope to greater than its natural isotopic
abundance, as follows: elemental boron, compounds, mixtures containing boron, manufactures thereof, waste or scrap of any of the foregoing.
Note: In 1C225 mixtures containing boron include boron loaded materials.
Technical Note:
The natural isotopic abundance of boron‑10 is approximately 18.5 weight per cent (20 atom per cent).
1C226 Tungsten, tungsten carbide, and alloys containing more than 90% tungsten by weight, having both of the following characteristics:
a. In forms with a hollow cylindrical symmetry (including cylinder segments) with an inside diameter between 100 mm and 300 mm; and
b. A mass greater than 20 kg.
Note: 1C226 does not control manufactures specially designed as weights or gamma‑ray collimators.
1C227 Calcium having both of the following characteristics:
a. Containing less than 1,000 parts per million by weight of metallic impurities other than magnesium; and
b. Containing less than 10 parts per million by weight of boron.
1C228 Magnesium having both of the following characteristics:
a. Containing less than 200 parts per million by weight of metallic impurities other than calcium; and
b. Containing less than 10 parts per million by weight of boron.
1C229 Bismuth having both of the following characteristics:
a. A purity of 99.99% or greater by weight; and
b. Containing less than 10 parts per million by weight of silver.
1C230 Beryllium metal, alloys containing more than 50% beryllium by weight, beryllium compounds, manufactures thereof, and waste or scrap of any of the foregoing.
Note: 1C230 does not control the following:
a. Metal windows for X‑ray machines, or for bore‑hole logging devices;
b. Oxide shapes in fabricated or semi‑fabricated forms specially designed for electronic component parts or as substrates for electronic circuits;
c. Beryl (silicate of beryllium and aluminium) in the form of emeralds or aquamarines.
1C231 Hafnium metal, alloys containing more than 60% hafnium by weight, hafnium compounds containing more than 60% hafnium by weight, manufactures thereof, and waste or scrap of any of the foregoing.
1C232 Helium‑3 (3He), mixtures containing helium‑3, and products or devices containing any of the foregoing.
Note: 1C232 does not control a product or device containing less than 1 g of helium‑3.
1C233 Lithium enriched in the lithium‑6 (6Li) isotope to greater than its natural isotopic
abundance, and products or devices containing enriched lithium, as follows: elemental lithium, alloys, compounds, mixtures containing lithium, manufactures thereof, waste or scrap of any of the foregoing.
Note: 1C233 does not control thermoluminescent dosimeters.
Technical Note:
The natural isotopic abundance of lithium‑6 is approximately 6.5 weight per cent (7.5 atom per cent).
1C234 Zirconium with a hafnium content of less than 1 part hafnium to 500 parts zirconium by weight, as follows: metal, alloys containing more than 50% zirconium by weight, compounds, manufactures thereof, waste or scrap of any of the foregoing.
Note: 1C234 does not control zirconium in the form of foil having a thickness of 0.10 mm or less.
1C235 Tritium, tritium compounds, mixtures containing tritium in which the ratio of tritium to hydrogen atoms exceeds 1 part in 1000, and products or devices containing any of the foregoing.
Note: 1C235 does not control a product or device containing less than 1.48 x 103 GBq (40 Ci) of tritium.
1C236 Alpha‑emitting radionuclides having an alpha half‑life of 10 days or greater but less than 200 years, in the following forms:
a. Elemental;
b. Compounds having a total alpha activity of 37 GBq/kg (1 Ci/kg) or greater;
c. Mixtures having a total alpha activity of 37 GBq/kg (1 Ci/kg) or greater;
d. Products or devices containing any of the foregoing.
Note: 1C236 does not control a product or device containing less than 3.7 GBq (100 millicuries) of alpha activity.
1C237 Radium‑226 (226Ra), radium‑226 alloys, radium‑226 compounds, mixtures containing radium‑226, manufactures therof, and products or devices containing any of the foregoing.
Note: 1C237 does not control the following:
a. Medical applicators;
b. A product or device containing less than 0.37 GBq (10 millicuries) of radium‑226.
1C238 Chlorine trifluoride (ClF3).
1C239 High explosives, not controlled in ML8, or substances or mixtures containing more than 2% by weight thereof, with a crystal density greater than 1.8 g/cm3 and having a detonation velocity greater than 8,000 m/s.
1C240 Nickel powder and porous nickel metal, not controlled in 0C005, as
follows:
a. Nickel powder having both of the following characteristics:
1. A nickel purity content of 99.0% or greater by weight; and
2. A mean particle size of less than 10 micrometres measured by American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) B330 standard;
b. Porous nickel metal produced from materials specified in 1C240.a.
Note: 1C240 does not control the following:
a. Filamentary nickel powders;
b. Single porous nickel sheets with an area of 1,000 cm2 per sheet or less.
Technical Note:
1C240.b. refers to porous metal formed by compacting and sintering the materials in 1C240.a. to form a metal material with fine pores interconnected throughout the structure.
1C350 Chemicals, which may be used as precursors for toxic chemical agents, as follows, and “chemical mixtures” containing one or more thereof:
N.B.: SEE ALSO ML7 AND 1C450.
1. Thiodiglycol (111‑48‑8);
2. Phosphorus oxychloride (10025‑87‑3);
3. Dimethyl methylphosphonate (756‑79‑6);
4. See ML7.b.1. for methyl phosphonyl difluoride (676‑99‑3);
5. Methyl phosphonyl dichloride (676‑97‑1);
6. Dimethyl phosphite (DMP) (868‑85‑9);
7. Phosphorus trichloride (7719‑12‑2);
8. Trimethyl phosphite (TMP) (121‑45‑9);
9. Thionyl chloride (7719‑09‑7);
10. 3‑Hydroxy‑1‑methylpiperidine (3554‑74‑3);
11. N,N‑Diisopropyl‑(beta)‑aminoethyl chloride (96‑79‑7);
12. N,N‑Diisopropyl‑(beta)‑aminoethane thiol (5842‑07‑9);
13. 3‑Quinuclidinol (1619‑34‑7);
14. Potassium fluoride (7789‑23‑3);
15. 2‑Chloroethanol (107‑07‑3);
16. Dimethylamine (124‑40‑3);
17. Diethyl ethylphosphonate (78‑38‑6);
18. Diethyl‑N,N‑dimethylphosphoramidate (2404‑03‑7);
19. Diethyl phosphite (762‑04‑9);
20. Dimethylamine hydrochloride (506‑59‑2);
21. Ethyl phosphinyl dichloride (1498‑40‑4);
1C350 continued
22. Ethyl phosphonyl dichloride (1066‑50‑8);
23. See ML7.b.1. for ethyl phosphonyl difluoride (753‑98‑0);
24. Hydrogen fluoride (7664‑39‑3);
25. Methyl benzilate (76‑89‑1);
26. Methyl phosphinyl dichloride (676‑83‑5);
27. N,N‑Diisopropyl‑(beta)‑amino ethanol (96‑80‑0);
28. Pinacolyl alcohol (464‑07‑3);
29. See ML7.b.2. for O‑Ethyl‑2‑diisopropylaminoethyl methyl phosphonite (QL) (57856‑11‑8);
30. Triethyl phosphite (122‑52‑1);
31. Arsenic trichloride (7784‑34‑1);
32. Benzilic acid (76‑93‑7);
33. Diethyl methylphosphonite (15715‑41‑0);
34. Dimethyl ethylphosphonate (6163‑75‑3);
35. Ethyl phosphinyl difluoride (430‑78‑4);
36. Methyl phosphinyl difluoride (753‑59‑3);
37. 3‑Quinuclidone (3731‑38‑2);
38. Phosphorus pentachloride (10026‑13‑8);
39. Pinacolone (75‑97‑8);
40. Potassium cyanide (151‑50‑8);
41. Potassium bifluoride (7789‑29‑9);
42. Ammonium hydrogen fluoride or ammonium bifluoride (1341‑49‑7);
43. Sodium fluoride (7681‑49‑4);
44. Sodium bifluoride (1333‑83‑1);
45. Sodium cyanide (143‑33‑9);
46. Triethanolamine (102‑71‑6);
47. Phosphorus pentasulphide (1314‑80‑3);
48. Di‑isopropylamine (108‑18‑9);
49. Diethylaminoethanol (100‑37‑8);
50. Sodium sulphide (1313‑82‑2);
51. Sulphur monochloride (10025‑67‑9);
52. Sulphur dichloride (10545‑99‑0);
53. Triethanolamine hydrochloride (637‑39‑8);
54. N,N‑Diisopropyl‑(Beta)‑aminoethyl chloride hydrochloride (4261‑68‑1);
55. Methylphosphonic acid (993‑13‑5);
56. Diethyl methylphosphonate (683‑08‑9);
57. N,N‑Dimethylaminophosphoryl dichloride or N,N‑dimethyl phosphoramidic dichloride (677‑43‑0);
58. Triisopropyl phosphite (116‑17‑6);
59. Ethyldiethanolamine (139‑87‑7);
60. O,O‑Diethyl phosphorothioate (2465‑65‑8);
61. O,O‑Diethyl phosphorodithioate (298‑06‑6);
62. Sodium hexafluorosilicate (16893‑85‑9);
63. Methylphosphonothioic dichloride (676‑98‑2);
64. Thiophosphoryl chloride (3982‑91‑0);
65. Oxalyl chloride (79‑37‑8).
1C350 continued
Note 1: For exports to “States not Party to the Chemical Weapons Convention”, 1C350 does not control “chemical mixtures” containing one or more of the chemicals specified in entries 1C350.1, .3, .5, .11, .12, .13, .17, .18, .21, .22, .26, .27, .28, .31, .32, .33, .34, .35, .36, .54, .55, .56, .57 and .63 in which no individually specified chemical constitutes more than 10% by the weight of the mixture.
Note 2: For exports to “States Party to the Chemical Weapons Convention”, 1C350 does not control “chemical mixtures” containing one or more of the chemicals specified in entries 1C350.1, .3, .5, .11, .12, .13, .17, .18, .21, .22, .26, .27, .28, .31, .32, .33, .34, .35, .36, .54, .55, .56, .57 and .63 in which no individually specified chemical constitutes more than 30% by the weight of the mixture.
Note 3: 1C350 does not control “chemical mixtures” containing one or more of the chemicals specified in entries 1C350 .2, .6, .7, .8, .9, .10, .14, .15, .16, .19, .20, .24, .25, .30, .37, .38, .39, .40, .41, .42, .43, .44, .45, .46, .47, .48, .49, .50, .51, .52, .53, .58, .59, .60, .61, .62, .64 and .65 in which no individually specified chemical constitutes more than 30% by the weight of the mixture.
Note 4: 1C350 does not control products identified as consumer goods packaged for retail sale for personal use or packaged for individual use.
N.B.: This exemption does not apply to chemicals 1C350.4, .23 and .29 (see Note 5 of ML7).
1C351 Human pathogens, zoonoses and “toxins”, as follows:
a. Viruses, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of “isolated live cultures” or as material including living material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures, as follows:
1. Chikungunya virus;
2. Congo‑Crimean haemorrhagic fever virus;
3. Dengue fever virus;
4. Eastern equine encephalitis virus;
5. Ebola virus;
6. Hantaan virus;
7. Junin virus;
8. Lassa fever virus;
9. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus;
10. Machupo virus;
11. Marburg virus;
12. Monkey pox virus;
13. Rift Valley fever virus;
14. Tick‑borne encephalitis virus (Russian Spring‑Summer encephalitis virus);
15. Variola virus;
1C351 continued
16. Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus;
17. Western equine encephalitis virus;
18. White pox;
19. Yellow fever virus;
20. Japanese encephalitis virus;
21. Kyasanur Forest virus;
22. Louping ill virus;
23. Murray Valley encephalitis virus;
24. Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus;
25. Oropouche virus;
26. Powassan virus;
27. Rocio virus;
28. St Louis encephalitis virus;
29. Hendra virus (Equine morbillivirus);
30. South American haemorrhagic fever (Sabia, Flexal, Guanarito);
31. Pulmonary & renal syndrome‑haemorrhagic fever viruses
(Seoul, Dobrava, Puumala, Sin Nombre);
32. Nipah virus.
b. Rickettsiae, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of “isolated live cultures” or as material including living material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures, as follows:
1. Coxiella burnetii;
2. Bartonella quintana (Rochalimaea quintana, Rickettsia quintana);
3. Rickettsia prowasecki;
4. Rickettsia rickettsii.
c. Bacteria, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of “isolated live cultures” or as material including living material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures, as follows:
1. Bacillus anthracis;
2. Brucella abortus;
3. Brucella melitensis;
4. Brucella suis;
5. Chlamydia psittaci;
5. Clostridium botulinum;
7. Francisella tularensis;
8. Burkholderia mallei (Pseudomonas mallei);
9. Burkholderia pseudomallei (Pseudomonas pseudomallei);
10. Salmonella typhi;
11. Shigella dysenteriae;
12. Vibrio cholerae;
13. Yersinia pestis;
14. Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin producing types;
15. Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli, serotype O157 and other verotoxin producing serotypes.
1C351 continued
d. “Toxins”, as follows, and “sub‑unit of toxins” thereof:
1. Botulinum toxins;
2. Clostridium perfringens toxins;
3. Conotoxin;
4. Ricin;
5. Saxitoxin;
6. Shiga toxin;
7. Staphylococcus aureus toxins;
8. Tetrodotoxin;
9. Verotoxin and shiga‑like ribosome inactivating proteins;
10. Microcystin (Cyanginosin);
11. Aflatoxins;
12. Abrin;
13. Cholera toxin;
14. Diacetoxyscirpenol toxin;
15. T‑2 toxin;
16. HT‑2 toxin;
17. Modeccin;
18. Volkensin;
19. Viscum album Lectin 1 (Viscumin).
Note: 1C351.d. does not control botulinum toxins or conotoxins in product form meeting all of the following criteria:
1. Are pharmaceutical formulations designed for human administration in the treatment of medical conditions;
2. Are pre‑packaged for distribution as medical products;
3. Are authorised by a state authority to be marketed as medical products.
e. Fungi, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of “isolated live cultures” or as material including living material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures, as follows:
1. Coccidioides immitis;
2. Coccidioides posadasii.
Note: 1C351 does not control “vaccines” or “immunotoxins”.
1C352 Animal pathogens, as follows:
a. Viruses, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of “isolated live cultures” or as material including living material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures, as follows:
1. African swine fever virus;
2. Avian influenza virus, which are:
a. Uncharacterised; or
1C352 continued
b. Defined in Annex I(2) EC Directive 2005/94/EC (O.J. L.10 14.1.2006 p.16) as having high pathogenicity, as follows:
1. Type A viruses with an IVPI (intravenous pathogenicity index) in 6 week old chickens of greater than 1.2; or
2. Type A viruses of the subtypes H5 or H7 with genome sequences codified for multiple basic amino acids at the cleavage site of the haemagglutinin molecule similar to that observed for other HPAI viruses, indicating that the haemagglutinin molecule can be cleaved by a host ubiquitous protease;
3. Bluetongue virus;
4. Foot and mouth disease virus;
5. Goat pox virus;
6. Porcine herpes virus (Aujeszky’s disease);
7. Swine fever virus (Hog cholera virus);
8. Lyssa virus;
9. Newcastle disease virus;
10. Peste des petits ruminants virus;
11. Porcine enterovirus type 9 (swine vesicular disease virus);
12. Rinderpest virus;
13. Sheep pox virus;
14. Teschen disease virus;
15. Vesicular stomatitis virus;
16. Lumpy skin disease virus;
17. African horse sickness virus.
b. Mycoplasmas, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of “isolated live cultures” or as material including living material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures, as follows:
1. Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides SC (small colony);
2. Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae.
Note: 1C352 does not control “vaccines”.
1C353 Genetic elements and genetically modified organisms, as follows:
a. Genetically modified organisms or genetic elements that contain nucleic acid sequences associated with pathogenicity of organisms specified in 1C351.a., 1C351.b., 1C351.c, 1C351.e., 1C352 or 1C354;
b. Genetically modified organisms or genetic elements that contain nucleic acid sequences coding for any of the “toxins” specified in 1C351.d. or “sub‑units of toxins” thereof.
Technical Notes:
1. Genetic elements include, inter alia, chromosomes, genomes, plasmids, transposons and vectors whether genetically modified or unmodified.
1C353 continued
2. Nucleic acid sequences associated with the pathogenicity of any of the micro‑organisms specified in 1C351.a., 1C351.b., 1C351.c., 1C351.e., 1C352 or 1C354 means any sequence specific to the specified micro‑organism that:
a. In itself or through its transcribed or translated products represents a significant hazard to human, animal or plant health; or
b. Is known to enhance the ability of a specified micro‑organism, or any other organism into which it may be inserted or otherwise integrated, to cause serious harm to humans, animals or plant health.
Note: 1C353 does not apply to nucleic acid sequences associated with the pathogenicity of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli, serotype O157 and other verotoxin producing strains, other than those coding for the verotoxin, or for its sub‑units.
1C354 Plant pathogens, as follows:
a. Viruses, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of “isolated live cultures” or as material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures, as follows:
1. Potato Andean latent tymovirus;
2. Potato spindle tuber viroid.
b. Bacteria, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of “isolated live cultures” or as material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures, as follows:
1. Xanthomonas albilineans;
2. Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri including strains referred to as Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri types A,B,C,D,E or otherwise classified as Xanthomonas citri, Xanthomonas campestris pv. aurantifolia or Xanthomonas campestris pv. citrumelo;
3. Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae (Pseudomonas campestris pv. Oryzae);
4. Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. Sepedonicus (Corynebacterium michiganensis subsp. Sepedonicum or Corynebacterium Sepedonicum);
5. Ralstonia solanacearum Races 2 and 3 (Pseudomonas solanacearum Races 2 and 3 or Burkholderia solanacearum Races 2 and 3).
c. Fungi, whether natural, enhanced or modified, either in the form of “isolated live cultures” or as material which has been deliberately inoculated or contaminated with such cultures, as follows:
1. Colletotrichum coffeanum var. virulans (Colletotrichum kahawae);
2. Cochliobolus miyabeanus (Helminthosporium oryzae);
3. Microcyclus ulei (syn. Dothidella ulei);
4. Puccinia graminis (syn. Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici);
5. Puccinia striiformis (syn. Puccinia glumarum);
6. Magnaporthe grisea (pyricularia grisea/pyricularia oryzae).
1C450 Toxic chemicals and toxic chemical precursors, as follows, and “chemical mixtures” containing one or more thereof:
N.B.: SEE ALSO 1C350, 1C351.d. AND ML7.
a. Toxic chemicals, as follows:
1. Amiton: O,O‑Diethyl S‑[2‑(diethylamino)ethyl] phosphorothiolate (78‑53‑5) and corresponding alkylated or protonated salts;
2. PFIB: 1,1,3,3,3‑Pentafluoro‑2‑(trifluoromethyl)‑1‑propene (382‑21‑8);
3. See ML7.b.3. for BZ: 3‑Quinuclidinyl benzilate (6581‑06‑2);
4. Phosgene: Carbonyl dichloride (75‑44‑5);
5. Cyanogen chloride (506‑77‑4);
6. Hydrogen cyanide (74‑90‑8);
7. Chloropicrin: Trichloronitromethane (76‑06‑2);
Note 1: For exports to “States not Party to the Chemical Weapons Convention”, 1C450 does not control “chemical mixtures” containing one or more of the chemicals specified in entries 1C450.a.1. and .a.2. in which no individually specified chemical constitutes more than 1% by the weight of the mixture.
Note 2: For exports to “States Party to the Chemical Weapons Convention”, 1C450 does not control “chemical mixtures” containing one or more of the chemicals specified in entries 1C450.a.1. and .a.2. in which no individually specified chemical constitutes more than 30% by the weight of the mixture.
Note 3: 1C450 does not control “chemical mixtures” containing one or more of the chemicals specified in entries 1C450.a.4., .a.5., .a.6. and .a.7. in which no individually specified chemical constitutes more than 30% by the weight of the mixture.
Note 4: 1C450 does not control products identified as consumer goods packaged for retail sale for personal use or packaged for individual use.
b. Toxic chemical precursors, as follows:
1. Chemicals, not controlled in the Munitions List or in 1C350, containing a phosphorus atom to which is bonded one methyl, ethyl or propyl (normal or iso) group but not further carbon atoms, including:
a. diphenyl methylphosphonate (7526‑26‑3);
b. phosphonic acid, methyl‑, methyl 3‑(trimethoxysilyl)‑ propyl ester (67812‑17‑3);
c. phosphonic acid, methyl‑, monoammonium salt (34255‑87‑3);
d. phosphonic acid, methyl‑, monomethyl ester, monosodium salt (73750‑69‑3);
e. phosphonothioic dichloride, ethyl‑ (993‑43‑1);
f. phosphonic acid, methyl‑, bis(3‑(trimethoxysilyl)propyl) ester (67812‑18‑4);
1C450 b. continued
g. phosphonic acid, methyl‑, compd. with (aminoiminomethyl) urea (1:1) (84402‑58‑4);
h. phosphonic acid, methyl‑, (5‑ethyl‑2‑methyl‑1,3,2‑dioxaphosphorinan‑5‑yl) methyl methyl ester, P‑oxide)
(41203‑81‑0);
i. phosphonic acid, methyl‑, bis((5‑ethyl‑2‑methyl‑1,3,2‑dioxaphosphorinan‑5‑yl) methyl ester, P,P’‑dioxide) (42595‑45‑9).
Note: 1C450.b.1. does not control Fonofos: O‑Ethyl S‑phenyl ethylphosphonothiolothionate (944‑22‑9);
2. N,N‑Dialkyl [methyl, ethyl or propyl (normal or iso)] phosphoramidic dihalides, other than N,N‑Dimethylaminophosphoryl dichloride or N,N‑dimethyl phosphoramidic dichloride (677‑43‑0);
N.B.: See 1C350.57. for N,N‑dimethylaminophosphoryl dichloride or N,N‑dimethyl phosphoramidic dichloride (677‑43‑0).
3. Dialkyl [methyl, ethyl or propyl (normal or iso)] N,N‑dialkyl [methyl, ethyl or propyl (normal or iso)]‑phosphoramidates, other than Diethyl‑N,N‑dimethylphosphoramidate (2404‑03‑7) which is specified in 1C350;
4. N,N‑Dialkyl [methyl, ethyl or propyl (normal or iso)] aminoethyl‑2‑chlorides and corresponding protonated salts, other than N,N‑Diisopropyl‑(beta)‑aminoethyl chloride (96‑79‑7) or N,N‑Diisopropyl‑(beta)‑aminoethyl chloride hydrochloride (4261‑68‑1) which are specified in 1C350;
5. N,N‑Dialkyl [methyl, ethyl or propyl (normal or iso)] aminoethane‑2‑ols and corresponding protonated salts, other than N,N‑Diisopropyl‑(beta)‑aminoethanol (96‑80‑0) and N,N‑Diethylaminoethanol (100‑37‑8) which are specified in 1C350;
Note: 1C450.b.5. does not control the following:
a. N,N‑Dimethylaminoethanol (108‑01‑0) and corresponding protonated salts;
b. Protonated salts of N,N‑Diethylaminoethanol (100‑37‑8);
6. N,N‑Dialkyl [methyl, ethyl or propyl (normal or iso)] aminoethane‑2‑thiols and corresponding protonated salts, other than N,N‑Diisopropyl‑(beta)‑aminoethane thiol (5842‑07‑9) which is specified in 1C350;
7. See 1C350 for ethyldiethanolamine (139‑87‑7);
8. Methyldiethanolamine (105‑59‑9).
1C450 b. continued
Note 1: For exports to “States not Party to the Chemical Weapons Convention”, 1C450 does not control “chemical mixtures” containing one or more of the chemicals specified in entries 1C450.b.1., .b.2., .b.3., .b.4., .b.5. and .b.6. in which no individually specified chemical constitutes more than 10% by the weight of the mixture.
Note 2: For exports to “States Party to the Chemical Weapons Convention”, 1C450 does not control “chemical mixtures” containing one or more of the chemicals specified in entries 1C450.b.1., .b.2., .b.3., .b.4., .b.5. and .b.6. in which no individually specified chemical constitutes more than 30% by the weight of the mixture.
Note 3: 1C450 does not control “chemical mixtures” containing the chemical specified in entry 1C450.b.8. in which the specified chemical constitutes no more than 30% by the weight of the mixture.
Note 4: 1C450 does not control products identified as consumer goods packaged for retail sale for personal use or packaged for individual use.
1D Software
1D001 “Software” specially designed or modified for the “development”, “production” or “use” of equipment specified in 1B001 to 1B003.
1D002 “Software” for the “development” of organic “matrix”, metal “matrix” or carbon
“matrix” laminates or “composites”.
1D003 “Software” specially designed or modified to enable equipment to perform the functions of equipment specified in 1A004.c.
1D101 “Software” specially designed or modified for the “use” of goods specified in 1B101.
1D103 “Software” specially designed for analysis of reduced observables such as radar
reflectivity, ultraviolet/infrared signatures and acoustic signatures.
1D201 “Software” specially designed for the “use” of goods specified in 1B201.
1E Technology
1E001 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “development”
or “production” of equipment or materials specified in 1A001.b., 1A001.c., 1A002 to 1A005, 1B or 1C.
1E002 Other “technology” as follows:
a. “Technology” for the “development” or “production” of polybenzothiazoles or polybenzoxazoles;
b. “Technology” for the “development” or “production” of fluoroelastomer compounds containing at least one vinylether monomer;
c. “Technology” for the design or “production” of the following base materials or non‑“composite” ceramic materials:
1. Base materials having all of the following:
a. Any of the following compositions:
1. Single or complex oxides of zirconium and complex oxides of silicon or aluminium;
2. Single nitrides of boron (cubic crystalline forms);
3. Single or complex carbides of silicon or boron; or
4. Single or complex nitrides of silicon;
b. Any of the following total metallic impurities (excluding intentional additions):
1. Less than 1,000 ppm for single oxides or carbides; or
2. Less than 5,000 ppm for complex compounds or single nitrides; and
c. Being any of the following:
1. Zirconia with an average particle size equal to or less than 1 µm and no more than 10% of the particles larger than 5 µm;
2. Other base materials with an average particle size equal to or less than 5 µm and no more than 10% of the particles larger than 10 µm; or
3. Having all of the following:
a. Platelets with a length to thickness ratio exceeding 5;
b. Whiskers with a length to diameter ratio exceeding 10 for diameters less than 2 µm; and
c. Continuous or chopped fibres less than 10 µm in diameter;
2. Non‑“composite” ceramic materials composed of the materials specified in 1E002.c.1;
Note: 1E002.c.2. does not control “technology” for the design or production of abrasives.
d. “Technology” for the “production” of aromatic polyamide fibres;
e. “Technology” for the installation, maintenance or repair of materials specified in 1C001;
1E002 continued
f. “Technology” for the repair of “composite” structures, laminates or materials specified in 1A002, 1C007.c. or 1C007.d.
Note: 1E002.f. does not control “technology” for the repair of “civil aircraft” structures using carbon “fibrous or filamentary materials” and epoxy resins, contained in aircraft manufacturers’ manuals.
g. ‘Libraries (parametric technical databases)’ specially designed or modified to enable equipment to perform the functions of equipment specified in 1A004.c.
Technical Note:
For the purpose of 1E002.g., ‘library (parametric technical database)’ means a collection of technical information, reference to which may enhance the performance of relevant equipment or systems.
1E101 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “use” of goods specified in 1A102, 1B001, 1B101, 1B102, 1B115 to 1B119, 1C001, 1C101, 1C107, 1C111 to 1C118, 1D101 or 1D103.
1E102 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “development” of “software” specified in 1D001, 1D101 or 1D103.
1E103 “Technology” for the regulation of temperature, pressure or atmosphere in autoclaves or hydroclaves, when used for the “production” of “composites” or partially processed “composites”.
1E104 “Technology” relating to the “production” of pyrolytically derived materials formed on a mould, mandrel or other substrate from precursor gases which decompose in the 1,573 K (1,300°C) to 3,173 K (2,900°C) temperature range at pressures of 130 Pa to 20 kPa.
Note: 1E104 includes “technology” for the composition of precursor gases, flow‑rates and process control schedules and parameters.
1E201 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “use” of goods specified in 1A002, 1A007, 1A202, 1A225 to 1A227, 1B201, 1B225 to 1B233, 1C002.b.3. or .b.4., 1C010.b., 1C202, 1C210, 1C216, 1C225 to 1C240 or 1D201.
1E202 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “development” or “production” of goods specified in 1A007, 1A202 or 1A225 to 1A227.
1E203 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “development” of “software” specified in 1D201.
CATEGORY 2 – MATERIALS PROCESSING
2A Systems, Equipment and Components
N.B.: For quiet running bearings, see ML9.g.
2A001 Anti‑friction bearings and bearing systems, as follows, and components therefor:
Note: 2A001 does not control balls with tolerances specified by the manufacturer in accordance with ISO 3290 as grade 5 or worse.
a. Ball bearings and solid roller bearings having all tolerances specified by the manufacturer in accordance with ISO 492 Tolerance Class 4 (or ANSI/ABMA Std 20 Tolerance Class ABEC‑7 or RBEC‑7, or other national equivalents), or better, and having both rings and rolling elements (ISO 5593), made from monel or beryllium;
Note: 2A001.a. does not control tapered roller bearings.
b. Other ball bearings and solid roller bearings having all tolerances specified by the manufacturer in accordance with ISO 492 Tolerance Class 2 (or ANSI/ABMA Std 20 Tolerance Class ABEC‑9 or RBEC‑9, or other national equivalents), or better;
Note: 2A001.b. does not control tapered roller bearings.
c. Active magnetic bearing systems using any of the following:
1. Materials with flux densities of 2.0 T or greater and yield strengths greater than 414 MPa;
2. All‑electromagnetic 3D homopolar bias designs for actuators; or
3. High temperature (450 K (177°C) and above) position sensors.
2A225 Crucibles made of materials resistant to liquid actinide metals, as follows:
a. Crucibles having both of the following characteristics:
1. A volume of between 150 cm3 and 8,000 cm3; and
2. Made of or coated with any of the following materials, having a purity of 98% or greater by weight:
a. Calcium fluoride (CaF2);
b. Calcium zirconate (metazirconate) (CaZrO3);
c. Cerium sulphide (Ce2S3);
d. Erbium oxide (erbia) (Er2O3);
e. Hafnium oxide (hafnia) (HfO2);
f. Magnesium oxide (MgO);
g. Nitrided niobium‑titanium‑tungsten alloy (approximately 50% Nb, 30% Ti, 20% W);
2A225 a. continued
h. Yttrium oxide (yttria) (Y2O3); or
i. Zirconium oxide (zirconia) (ZrO2);
b. Crucibles having both of the following characteristics:
1. A volume of between 50 cm3 and 2,000 cm3; and
2. Made of or lined with tantalum, having a purity of 99.9% or greater by weight;
c. Crucibles having all of the following characteristics:
1. A volume of between 50 cm3 and 2,000 cm3;
2. Made of or lined with tantalum, having a purity of 98% or greater by weight; and
3. Coated with tantalum carbide, nitride, boride, or any combination thereof.
2A226 Valves having all of the following characteristics:
a. A ‘nominal size’ of 5 mm or greater;
b. Having a bellows seal; and
c. Wholly made of or lined with aluminium, aluminium alloy, nickel, or nickel alloy containing more than 60% nickel by weight.
Technical Note:
For valves with different inlet and outlet diameters, the ‘nominal size’ in 2A226 refers to the smallest diameter.
2B Test, Inspection and Production Equipment
Technical Notes:
1. Secondary parallel contouring axes, (e.g., the w‑axis on horizontal boring mills or a secondary rotary axis the centre line of which is parallel to the primary rotary axis) are not counted in the total number of contouring axes. Rotary axes need not rotate over 360°. A rotary axis can be driven by a linear device (e.g. a screw or a rack‑and‑pinion).
2. For the purposes of 2B, the number of axes which can be co‑ordinated simultaneously for “contouring control” is the number of axes along or around which, during processing of the workpiece, simultaneous and interrelated motions are performed between the workpiece and a tool. This does not include any additional axes along or around which other relative movements within the machine are performed such as:
a. Wheel‑dressing systems in grinding machines;
b. Parallel rotary axes designed for mounting of separate workpieces;
c. Co‑linear rotary axes designed for manipulating the same workpiece by holding it in a chuck from different ends.
3. Axis nomenclature shall be in accordance with International Standard ISO 841, ‘Numerical Control Machines ‑ Axis and Motion Nomenclature’.
4. For the purposes of 2B001 to 2B009 a “tilting spindle” is counted as a rotary axis.
2B continued
5. ‘Stated positioning accuracy’ derived from measurements made according to ISO 230/2 (1988) or national equivalents may be used for each machine tool model as an alternative to individual machine tests. ‘Stated positioning accuracy’ means the accuracy value provided to the competent authorities of the Member State in which the exporter is established as representative of the accuracy of a specific machine model.
Determination of ‘Stated Positioning Accuracy’
a. Select five machines of a model to be evaluated;
b. Measure the linear axis accuracies according to ISO 230/2 (1988);
c. Determine the A‑values for each axis of each machine. The method of calculating the A‑value is described in the ISO standard;
d. Determine the mean value of the A‑value of each axis. This mean value  becomes the stated value of each axis for the model (Âx Ây...);
e. Since the Category 2 list refers to each linear axis there will be as many stated values as there are linear axes;
f. If any axis of a machine model not controlled by 2B001.a. to 2B001.c. or 2B201 has a stated accuracy  of 6 microns for grinding machines and 8 microns for milling and turning machines or better, the manufacturer should be required to reaffirm the accuracy level once every eighteen months.
2B001 Machine tools and any combination thereof, for removing (or cutting) metals, ceramics or “composites”, which, according to the manufacturer’s technical specification, can be equipped with electronic devices for “numerical control”, and specially designed components as follows:
N.B.: SEE ALSO 2B201.
Note 1: 2B001 does not control special purpose machine tools limited to the manufacture of gears. For such machines see 2B003.
Note 2: 2B001 does not control special purpose machine tools limited to the manufacture of any of the following:
a. Crankshafts or cam shafts;
b. Tools or cutters;
c. Extruder worms;or
d. Engraved or facetted jewellery parts.
Note 3: A machine tool having at least two of the three turning, milling or grinding capabilities (e.g. a turning machine with milling capability), must be evaluated against each applicable entry 2B001.a., b. or c.
N.B.: For optical finishing machines, see 2B002.
2B001 continued
a. Machine tools for turning having all of the following:
1. Positioning accuracy with “all compensations available” equal to or less (better) than 6 µm according to ISO 230/2 (1988) or national equivalents along any linear axis; and
2. Two or more axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for “contouring control”;
Note: 2B001.a. does not control turning machines specially designed for producing contact lenses, having all of the following:
1. Machine controller limited to using ophthalmic based software for part programming data input; and
2. No vacuum chucking.
b. Machine tools for milling, having any of the following:
1. Having all of the following:
a. Positioning accuracy with “all compensations available” equal to or less (better) than 6 µm according to ISO 230/2 (1988) or national equivalents along any linear axis; and
b. Three linear axes plus one rotary axis which can be coordinated simultaneously for “contouring control”;
2. Five or more axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for “contouring control”;
3. A positioning accuracy for jig boring machines, with “all compensations available”, equal to or less (better) than 4 µm according to ISO 230/2 (1988) or national equivalents along any linear axis; or
4. Fly cutting machines having all of the following:
a. Spindle “run‑out” and “camming” less (better) than 0.0004 mm TIR; and
b. Angular deviation of slide movement (yaw, pitch and roll) less (better) than 2 seconds of arc, TIR over 300 mm of travel.
c. Machine tools for grinding, having any of the following:
1. Having all of the following:
a. Positioning accuracy with “all compensations available” equal to or less (better) than 4 µm according to ISO 230/2 (1988) or national equivalents along any linear axis; and
b. Three or more axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for “contouring control”; or
2. Five or more axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for “contouring control”;
2B001 c. continued
Note: 2B001.c. does not control grinding machines, as follows:
a. Cylindrical external, internal, and external‑internal grinding machines, having all of the following:
1. Limited to cylindrical grinding; and
2. Limited to a maximum workpiece capacity of 150 mm outside diameter or length.
b. Machines designed specifically as jig grinders that do not have a z‑axis or a w‑axis, with a positioning accuracy with “all compensations available” less (better) than 4 µm according to ISO 230/2 (1988) or national equivalents.
c. Surface grinders.
d. Electrical discharge machines (EDM) of the non‑wire type which have two or more rotary axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for “contouring control”;
e. Machine tools for removing metals, ceramics or “composites”, having all of the following characteristics:
1. Removing material by means of any of the following:
a. Water or other liquid jets, including those employing abrasive additives;
b. Electron beam; or
c. “Laser” beam; and
2. Having two or more rotary axes and all of the following:
a. Can be coordinated simultaneously for “contouring control”; and
b. A positioning accuracy of less (better) than 0.003°;
f. Deep‑hole‑drilling machines and turning machines modified for deep‑hole‑drilling, having a maximum depth‑of‑bore capability exceeding 5 m and specially designed components therefor.
2B002 Numerically controlled optical finishing machine tools equipped for selective material removal to produce non‑spherical optical surfaces having all of the following characteristics:
a. Finishing the form to less (better) than 1.0 µm;
b. Finishing to a roughness less (better) than 100 nm rms;
c. Four or more axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for “contouring control”; and
d. Using any of the following processes:
1. Magnetorheological finishing (‘MRF’);
2. Electrorheological finishing (‘ERF’);
3. Energetic particle beam finishing;
4. ‘Inflatable membrane tool finishing’; or
5. ‘Fluid jet finishing’.
2B002 continued
Technical Notes:
For the purposes of 2B002:
1. ‘MRF’ is a material removal process using an abrasive magnetic fluid whose viscosity is controlled by a magnetic field.
2. ‘ERF’ is a removal process using an abrasive fluid whose viscosity is controlled by an electric field.
3. ‘Energetic particle beam finishing’ uses Reactive Atom Plasmas (RAP) or ion‑beams to selectively remove material.
4. ‘Inflatable membrane tool finishing’ is a process that uses a pressurized membrane that deforms to contact the workpiece over a small area.
5. ‘Fluid jet finishing’ makes use of a fluid stream for material removal.
2B003 “Numerically controlled” or manual machine tools, and specially designed components, controls and accessories therefor, specially designed for the shaving, finishing, grinding or honing of hardened (Rc = 40 or more) spur, helical and double‑helical gears with a pitch diameter exceeding 1,250 mm and a face width of 15% of pitch diameter or larger finished to a quality of AGMA 14 or better (equivalent to ISO 1328 class 3).
2B004 Hot “isostatic presses” having all of the following, and specially designed components and accessories therefor:
N.B.: SEE ALSO 2B104 AND 2B204.
a. A controlled thermal environment within the closed cavity and a chamber cavity with an inside diameter of 406 mm or more; and
b. Having any of the following:
1. A maximum working pressure exceeding 207 MPa;
2. A controlled thermal environment exceeding 1,773 K (1,500°C); or
3. A facility for hydrocarbon impregnation and removal of resultant gaseous degradation products.
Technical Note:
The inside chamber dimension is that of the chamber in which both the working temperature and the working pressure are achieved and does not include fixtures. That dimension will be the smaller of either the inside diameter of the pressure chamber or the inside diameter of the insulated furnace chamber, depending on which of the two chambers is located inside the other.
N.B.: For specially designed dies, moulds and tooling see 1b003, 9b009 and ML18.
2B005 Equipment specially designed for the deposition, processing and in‑process control of inorganic overlays, coatings and surface modifications, as follows, for non‑electronic substrates, by processes shown in the Table and associated Notes following 2E003.f., and specially designed automated handling, positioning, manipulation and control components therefor:
a. Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) production equipment having all of the following:
N.B.: SEE ALSO 2B105.
1. A process modified for one of the following:
a. Pulsating CVD;
b. Controlled nucleation thermal deposition (CNTD); or
c. Plasma enhanced or plasma assisted CVD; and
2. Having any of the following:
a. Incorporating high vacuum (equal to or less than 0.01 Pa) rotating seals; or
b. Incorporating in situ coating thickness control;
b. Ion implantation production equipment having beam currents of 5 mA or more;
c. Electron beam physical vapour deposition (EB‑PVD) production equipment incorporating power systems rated for over 80 kW and having any of the following:
1. A liquid pool level “laser” control system which regulates precisely the ingots feed rate; or
2. A computer controlled rate monitor operating on the principle of photo‑luminescence of the ionised atoms in the evaporant stream to control the deposition rate of a coating containing two or more elements;
d. Plasma spraying production equipment having any of the following:
1. Operating at reduced pressure controlled atmosphere (equal to or less than 10 kPa measured above and within 300 mm of the gun nozzle exit) in a vacuum chamber capable of evacuation down to 0.01 Pa prior to the spraying process; or
2. Incorporating in situ coating thickness control;
e. Sputter deposition production equipment capable of current densities of 0.1 mA/mm2 or higher at a deposition rate of 15 µm/h or more;
f. Cathodic arc deposition production equipment incorporating a grid of electromagnets for steering control of the arc spot on the cathode;
g. Ion plating production equipment allowing for the in situ measurement of any of the following:
1. Coating thickness on the substrate and rate control; or
2. Optical characteristics.
2B005 continued
Note: 2B005 does not control chemical vapour deposition, cathodic arc, sputter deposition, ion plating or ion implantation equipment, specially designed for cutting or machining tools.
2B006 Dimensional inspection or measuring systems, equipment and “electronic assemblies”, as follows:
a. Computer controlled or “numerically controlled” co‑ordinate measuring machines (CMM), having a three dimensional (volumetric) maximum permissible error of indication (MPEE) at any point within the operating range of the machine (i.e., within the length of axes) equal to or less (better) than (1.7 + L/1,000) µm (L is the measured length in mm) tested according to ISO 10360‑2 (2001);
N.B.: SEE ALSO 2B206.
b. Linear and angular displacement measuring instruments, as follows:
1. ‘Linear displacement’ measuring instruments having any of the following:
Technical Note:
For the purpose of 2B006.b.1. ‘linear displacement’ means the change of distance between the measuring probe and the measured object.
a. Non‑contact type measuring systems with a “resolution” equal to or less (better) than 0.2 µm within a measuring range up to 0.2 mm;
b. Linear voltage differential transformer systems having all of the following:
1. “Linearity” equal to or less (better) than 0.1% within a measuring range up to 5 mm; and
2. Drift equal to or less (better) than 0.1% per day at a standard ambient test room temperature ±1 K;
c. Measuring systems having all of the following:
1. Containing a “laser”; and
2. Maintaining, for at least 12 hours, at a temperature of 20±1 °C, all of the following:
a. A “resolution” over their full scale of 0.1 µm or less (better); and
b. Capable of achieving a “measurement uncertainty”, when compensated for the refractive index of air, equal to or less (better) than (0.2 + L/2,000) µm (L is the measured length in mm); or
d. “Electronic assemblies” specially designed to provide feedback capability in systems specified in 2B006.b.1.c.;
2B006 b. continued
Note: 2B006.b.1. does not control measuring interferometer systems, with an automatic control system that is designed to use no feedback techniques, containing a “laser” to measure slide movement errors of machine‑tools, dimensional inspection machines or similar equipment.
2. Angular displacement measuring instruments having an “angular position deviation” equal to or less (better) than 0.00025°;
Note: 2B006.b.2. does not control optical instruments, such as autocollimators, using collimated light (e.g., laser light) to detect angular displacement of a mirror.
c. Equipment for measuring surface irregularities, by measuring optical scatter as a function of angle, with a sensitivity of 0.5 nm or less (better).
Note: Machine tools, which can be used as measuring machines, are controlled if they meet or exceed the criteria specified for the machine tool function or the measuring machine function.
2B007 “Robots” having any of the following characteristics and specially designed controllers and “end‑effectors” therefor:
N.B.: SEE ALSO 2B207.
a. Capable in real time of full three‑dimensional image processing or full three‑dimensional ‘scene analysis’ to generate or modify “programs” or to generate or modify numerical program data;
Technical Note:
The ‘scene analysis’ limitation does not include approximation of the third dimension by viewing at a given angle, or limited grey scale interpretation for the perception of depth or texture for the approved tasks (2 1/2 D).
b. Specially designed to comply with national safety standards applicable to potentially explosive munitions environments;
Note: 2B007.b. does not control “robots” specially designed for paint‑spraying booths.
c. Specially designed or rated as radiation‑hardened to withstand a total radiation dose greater than 5 x 103 Gy (silicon) without operational degradation; or
Technical Note:
The term Gy (silicon) refers to the energy in Joules per kilogram absorbed by an unshielded silicon sample when exposed to ionising radiation.
d. Specially designed to operate at altitudes exceeding 30,000 m.
2B008 Assemblies or units, specially designed for machine tools, or dimensional inspection or measuring systems and equipment, as follows:
a. Linear position feedback units (e.g., inductive type devices, graduated scales, infrared systems or “laser” systems) having an overall “accuracy” less (better) than (800 + (600 x L x 10‑3)) nm (L equals the effective length in mm);
N.B.: For “laser” systems see also Note to 2B006.b.1.c. and d.
b. Rotary position feedback units (e.g., inductive type devices, graduated scales, infrared systems or “laser” systems) having an “accuracy” less (better) than 0.00025°;
N.B.: For “laser” systems see also Note to 2B006.b.2.
c. “Compound rotary tables” and “tilting spindles”, capable of upgrading, according to the manufacturer’s specifications, machine tools to or above the levels specified in 2B.
2B009 Spin‑forming machines and flow‑forming machines, which, according to the manufacturer’s technical specification, can be equipped with “numerical control” units or a computer control and having all of the following:
N.B.: SEE ALSO 2B109 AND 2B209.
a. Two or more controlled axes of which at least two can be coordinated simultaneously for “contouring control”; and
b. A roller force more than 60 kN.
Technical Note:
For the purpose of 2B009, machines combining the function of spin‑forming and flow‑forming are regarded as flow‑forming machines.
2B104 “Isostatic presses”, not controlled in 2B004, having all of the following:
N.B.: SEE ALSO 2B204.
a. Maximum working pressure of 69 MPa or greater;
b. Designed to achieve and maintain a controlled thermal environment of 873 K (600°C) or greater; and
c. Possessing a chamber cavity with an inside diameter of 254 mm or greater.
2B105 Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) furnaces, not controlled in 2B005.a., designed or modified for the densification of carbon‑carbon composites.
2B109 Flow‑forming machines, not controlled in 2B009, and specially designed components as follows:
N.B.: SEE ALSO 2B209.
a. Flow‑forming machines having all of the following:
1. According to the manufacturer’s technical specification, can be equipped with “numerical control” units or a computer control, even when not equipped with such units; and
2. With more than two axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for “contouring control”.
b. Specially designed components for flow‑forming machines specified in 2B009 or 2B109.a.
Note: 2B109 does not control machines that are not usable in the production of propulsion components and equipment (e.g. motor cases) for systems specified in 9A005, 9A007.a. or 9A105.a.
Technical Note:
Machines combining the function of spin‑forming and flow‑forming are for the purpose of 2B109 regarded as flow‑forming machines.
2B116 Vibration test systems, equipment and components therefor, as follows:
a. Vibration test systems employing feedback or closed loop techniques and incorporating a digital controller, capable of vibrating a system at an
acceleration equal to or greater than 10 g rms between 20 Hz and 2 kHz while imparting forces equal to or greater than 50 kN, measured ‘bare table’;
b. Digital controllers, combined with specially designed vibration test software, with a real‑time bandwidth greater than 5 kHz designed for use with vibration test systems specified in 2B116.a.;
c. Vibration thrusters (shaker units), with or without associated amplifiers, capable of imparting a force equal to or greater than 50 kN, measured ‘bare table’, and usable in vibration test systems specified in 2B116.a.;
d. Test piece support structures and electronic units designed to combine multiple shaker units in a system capable of providing an effective combined force of 50 kN, measured ‘bare table’, or greater, and usable in vibration systems specified in 2B116.a.
Technical Note:
In 2B116, ‘bare table’ means a flat table, or surface, with no fixture or fittings.
2B117 Equipment and process controls, not controlled in 2B004, 2B005.a., 2B104 or 2B105, designed or modified for densification and pyrolysis of structural composite rocket nozzles and reentry vehicle nose tips.
2B119 Balancing machines and related equipment, as follows:
N.B.: SEE ALSO 2B219.
a. Balancing machines having all the following characteristics:
1. Not capable of balancing rotors/assemblies having a mass greater than 3 kg;
2. Capable of balancing rotors/assemblies at speeds greater than 12,500 rpm;
3. Capable of correcting unbalance in two planes or more; and
4. Capable of balancing to a residual specific unbalance of 0.2 g mm per kg of rotor mass;
Note: 2B119.a. does not control balancing machines designed or modified for dental or other medical equipment.
b. Indicator heads designed or modified for use with machines specified in 2B119.a.
Technical Note:
Indicator heads are sometimes known as balancing instrumentation.
2B120 Motion simulators or rate tables having all of the following characteristics:
a. Two axes or more;
b. Slip rings capable of transmitting electrical power and/or signal information; and
c. Having any of the following characteristics:
1. For any single axis having all of the following:
a. Capable of rates of 400 degrees/s or more, or 30 degrees/s or less; and
b. A rate resolution equal to or less than 6 degrees/s and an accuracy equal to or less than 0.6 degrees/s;
2. Having a worst‑case rate stability equal to or better (less) than plus or minus 0.05 % averaged over 10 degrees or more; or
3. A positioning accuracy equal to or less (better) than 5 arc second.
Note: 2B120 does not control rotary tables designed or modified for machine tools or for medical equipment. For controls on machine tool rotary tables see 2B008.
2B121 Positioning tables (equipment capable of precise rotary positioning in any axes), not controlled in 2B120, having all the following characteristics:
a. Two axes or more; and
2B121 continued
b. A positioning accuracy equal to or less (better) than 5 arc second.
Note: 2B121 does not control rotary tables designed or modified for machine tools or for medical equipment. For controls on machine tool rotary tables see 2B008.
2B122 Centrifuges capable of imparting accelerations above 100 g and having slip rings capable of transmitting electrical power and signal information.
2B201 Machine tools and any combination thereof, not controlled in 2B001, as follows, for removing or cutting metals, ceramics or “composites”, which, according to the manufacturer’s technical specification, can be equipped with electronic devices for simultaneous “contouring control” in two or more axes:
a. Machine tools for milling, having any of the following characteristics:
1. Positioning accuracies with “all compensations available” equal to or less (better) than 6 µm according to ISO 230/2 (1988) or national equivalents along any linear axis; or
2. Two or more contouring rotary axes;
Note: 2B201.a. does not control milling machines having the following characteristics:
a. X‑axis travel greater than 2 m; and
b. Overall positioning accuracy on the x‑axis more (worse) than 30 µm.
b. Machine tools for grinding, having any of the following characteristics:
1. Positioning accuracies with “all compensations available” equal to or less (better) than 4 µm according to ISO 230/2 (1988) or national equivalents along any linear axis; or
2. Two or more contouring rotary axes.
Note: 2B201.b. does not control the following grinding machines:
a. Cylindrical external, internal, and external‑internal grinding machines having all of the following characteristics:
1. Limited to a maximum workpiece capacity of 150 mm or length; and
2. Axes limited to x, z and c;
b. Jig grinders that do not have a z‑axis or a w‑axis with an overall positioning accuracy less (better) than 4 µm according to ISO 230/2 (1988) or national equivalents.
2B201 continued
Note 1: 2B201 does not control special purpose machine tools limited to the manufacture of any of the following parts:
a. Gears;
b. Crankshafts or camshafts;
c. Tools or cutters;
d. Extruder worms.
Note 2: A machine tool having at least two of the three turning, milling or grinding capabilities (e.g., a turning machine with milling capability), must be evaluated against each applicable entry 2B001.a. or 2B201.a. or b.
2B204 “Isostatic presses”, other than those specified in 2B004 or 2B104, and related
equipment, as follows:
a. “Isostatic presses” having both of the following characteristics:
1. Capable of achieving a maximum working pressure of 69 MPa or greater; and
2. A chamber cavity with an inside diameter in excess of 152 mm;
b. Dies, moulds and controls, specially designed for “isostatic presses” specified in 2B204.a.
Technical Note:
In 2B204 the inside chamber dimension is that of the chamber in which both the working temperature and the working pressure are achieved and does not include fixtures. That dimension will be the smaller of either the inside diameter of the pressure chamber or the inside diameter of the insulated furnace chamber, depending on which of the two chambers is located inside the other.
2B206 Dimensional inspection machines, instruments or systems, not controlled in 2B006, as follows:
a. Computer controlled or numerically controlled dimensional inspection machines having both of the following characteristics:
1. Two or more axes; and
2. A one‑dimensional length “measurement uncertainty” equal to or less (better) than (1.25 + L/1000) µm tested with a probe of an “accuracy” of less (better) than 0.2 µm (L is the measured length in millimetres) (Ref.: VDI/VDE 2617 Parts 1 and 2);
b. Systems for simultaneous linear‑angular inspection of hemishells, having both of the following characteristics:
1. “Measurement uncertainty” along any linear axis equal to or less (better) than 3.5 µm per 5 mm; and
2. “Angular position deviation” equal to or less than 0.02°.
2B206 continued
Note 1: Machine tools that can be used as measuring machines are controlled if they meet or exceed the criteria specified for the machine tool function or the measuring machine function.
Note 2: A machine specified in 2B206 is controlled if it exceeds the control threshold anywhere within its operating range.
Technical Notes:
1. The probe used in determining the measurement uncertainty of a dimensional inspection system shall be described in VDI/VDE 2617 parts 2, 3 and 4.
2. All parameters of measurement values in 2B206 represent plus/minus i.e., not total band.
2B207 “Robots”, “end‑effectors” and control units, not controlled in 2B007, as follows:
a. “Robots” or “end‑effectors” specially designed to comply with national safety standards applicable to handling high explosives (for example, meeting electrical code ratings for high explosives);
b. Control units specially designed for any of the “robots” or “end‑effectors” specified in 2B207.a.
2B209 Flow forming machines, spin forming machines capable of flow forming functions, not controlled in 2B009 or 2B109, and mandrels, as follows:
a. Machines having both of the following characteristics:
1. Three or more rollers (active or guiding); and
2. Which, according to the manufacturer’s technical specification, can be equipped with “numerical control” units or a computer control;
b. Rotor‑forming mandrels designed to form cylindrical rotors of inside diameter between 75 mm and 400 mm.
Note: 2B209.a. includes machines which have only a single roller designed to deform metal plus two auxiliary rollers which support the mandrel, but do not participate directly in the deformation process.
2B219 Centrifugal multiplane balancing machines, fixed or portable, horizontal or vertical, as follows:
a. Centrifugal balancing machines designed for balancing flexible rotors having a length of 600 mm or more and having all of the following characteristics:
1. Swing or journal diameter greater than 75 mm;
2. Mass capability of from 0.9 to 23 kg ; and
3. Capable of balancing speed of revolution greater than 5,000 r.p.m.;
2B219 continued
b. Centrifugal balancing machines designed for balancing hollow cylindrical rotor components and having all of the following characteristics:
1. Journal diameter greater than 75 mm;
2. Mass capability of from 0.9 to 23 kg;
3. Capable of balancing to a residual imbalance equal to or less than 0.01 kg x mm/kg per plane; and
4. Belt drive type.
2B225 Remote manipulators that can be used to provide remote actions in radiochemical separation operations or hot cells, having either of the following characteristics:
a. A capability of penetrating 0.6 m or more of hot cell wall (through‑the‑wall operation); or
b. A capability of bridging over the top of a hot cell wall with a thickness of 0.6 m or more (over‑the‑wall operation).
Technical Note:
Remote manipulators provide translation of human operator actions to a remote operating arm and terminal fixture. They may be of ‘master/slave’ type or operated by joystick or keypad.
2B226 Controlled atmosphere (vacuum or inert gas) induction furnaces, and power supplies therefor, as follows:
N.B: SEE ALSO 3B.
a. Furnaces having all of the following characteristics:
1. Capable of operation above 1,123 K (850°C);
2. Induction coils 600 mm or less in diameter; and
3. Designed for power inputs of 5 kW or more;
b. Power supplies, with a specified power output of 5 kW or more, specially designed for furnaces specified in 2B226.a.
Note: 2B226.a. does not control furnaces designed for the processing of semiconductor wafers.
2B227 Vacuum or other controlled atmosphere metallurgical melting and casting furnaces and related equipment as follows:
a. Arc remelt and casting furnaces having both of the following characteristics:
1. Consumable electrode capacities between 1,000 cm3 and 20,000 cm3; and
2. Capable of operating with melting temperatures above 1,973 K (1,700oC);
b. Electron beam melting furnaces and plasma atomization and melting furnaces, having both of the following characteristics:
1. A power of 50 kW or greater; and
2. Capable of operating with melting temperatures above 1,473 K (1,200oC).
c. Computer control and monitoring systems specially configured for any of the furnaces specified in 2B227.a. or b.
2B228 Rotor fabrication or assembly equipment, rotor straightening equipment,
bellows‑forming mandrels and dies, as follows:
a. Rotor assembly equipment for assembly of gas centrifuge rotor tube sections, baffles, and end caps;
Note: 2B228.a. includes precision mandrels, clamps, and shrink fit machines.
b. Rotor straightening equipment for alignment of gas centrifuge rotor tube sections to a common axis;
Technical Note:
In 2B228.b. such equipment normally consists of precision measuring probes linked to a computer that subsequently controls the action of, for example, pneumatic rams used for aligning the rotor tube sections.
c. Bellows‑forming mandrels and dies for producing single‑convolution bellows.
Technical Note:
In 2B228.c. the bellows have all of the following characteristics:
1. Inside diameter between 75 mm and 400 mm;
2. Length equal to or greater than 12.7 mm;
3. Single convolution depth greater than 2 mm; and
4. Made of high‑strength aluminium alloys, maraging steel or high strength “fibrous or filamentary materials”.
2B230 “Pressure transducers” capable of measuring absolute pressures at any point in the range 0 to 13 kPa and having both of the following characteristics:
a. Pressure sensing elements made of or protected by aluminium, aluminium alloy, nickel or nickel alloy with more than 60% nickel by weight; and
b. Having either of the following characteristics:
1. A full scale of less than 13 kPa and an ‘accuracy’ of better than + 1% of full‑scale; or
2. A full scale of 13 kPa or greater and an ‘accuracy’ of better than + 130 Pa.
Technical Note:
For the purposes of 2B230, ‘accuracy’ includes non‑linearity, hysteresis and repeatability at ambient temperature.
2B231 Vacuum pumps having all of the following characteristics:
a. Input throat size equal to or greater than 380 mm;
b. Pumping speed equal to or greater than 15 m3/s; and
c. Capable of producing an ultimate vacuum better than 13 mPa.
Technical Notes:
1. The pumping speed is determined at the measurement point with nitrogen gas or air.
2. The ultimate vacuum is determined at the input of the pump with the input of the pump blocked off.
2B232 Multistage light gas guns or other high‑velocity gun systems (coil, electromagnetic, and electrothermal types, and other advanced systems) capable of accelerating projectiles to 2 km/s or greater.
2B350 Chemical manufacturing facilities, equipment and components, as follows:
a. Reaction vessels or reactors, with or without agitators, with total internal (geometric) volume greater than 0.1 m3 (100 litres) and less than 20 m3 (20,000 litres), where all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed or contained are made from any of the following materials:
1. Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight;
2. Fluoropolymers;
3. Glass (including vitrified or enamelled coating or glass lining);
4. Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;
5. Tantalum or tantalum alloys;
6. Titanium or titanium alloys;
7. Zirconium or zirconium alloys; or
8. Niobium (columbium) or niobium alloys;
2B350 continued
b. Agitators for use in reaction vessels or reactors specified in 2B350.a.; and impellers, blades or shafts designed for such agitators, where all surfaces of the agitator that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed or contained are made from any of the following materials:
1. Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight;
2. Fluoropolymers;
3. Glass (including vitrified or enamelled coatings or glass lining);
4. Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;
5. Tantalum or tantalum alloys;
6. Titanium or titanium alloys;
7. Zirconium or zirconium alloys; or
8. Niobium (columbium) or niobium alloys;
c. Storage tanks, containers or receivers with a total internal (geometric) volume greater than 0.1 m3 (100 litres) where all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed or contained are made from any of the following materials:
1. Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight;
2. Fluoropolymers;
3. Glass (including vitrified or enamelled coatings or glass lining);
4. Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;
5. Tantalum or tantalum alloys;
6. Titanium or titanium alloys;
7. Zirconium or zirconium alloys; or
8. Niobium (columbium) or niobium alloys;
d. Heat exchangers or condensers with a heat transfer surface area greater than 0.15 m2, and less than 20 m2; and tubes, plates, coils or blocks (cores) designed for such heat exchangers or condensers, where all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed are made from any of the following materials:
1. Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight;
2. Fluoropolymers;
3. Glass (including vitrified or enamelled coatings or glass lining);
4. Graphite or ‘carbon graphite’;
5. Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;
6. Tantalum or tantalum alloys;
7. Titanium or titanium alloys;
8. Zirconium or zirconium alloys;
9. Silicon carbide;
10. Titanium carbide; or
11. Niobium (columbium) or niobium alloys;
e. Distillation or absorption columns of internal diameter greater than 0.1 m; and liquid distributors, vapour distributors or liquid collectors designed for such distillation or absorption columns, where all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed are made from any of the following materials:
2B350 continued
1. Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight;
2. Fluoropolymers;
3. Glass (including vitrified or enamelled coatings or glass lining);
4. Graphite or ‘carbon graphite’;
5. Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;
6. Tantalum or tantalum alloys;
7. Titanium or titanium alloys;
8. Zirconium or zirconium alloys; or
9. Niobium (columbium) or niobium alloys;
f. Remotely operated filling equipment in which all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed are made from any of the following materials:
1. Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight; or
2. Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;
g. Valves with nominal sizes greater than 10 mm and casings (valve bodies) or preformed casing liners designed for such valves, in which all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed or contained are made from any of the following materials:
1. Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight;
2. Fluoropolymers;
3. Glass (including vitrified or enamelled coatings or glass lining);
4. Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;
5. Tantalum or tantalum alloys;
6. Titanium or titanium alloys;
7. Zirconium or zirconium alloys; or
8. Niobium (columbium) or niobium alloys;
h. Multi‑walled piping incorporating a leak detection port, in which all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed or contained are made from any of the following materials:
1. Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight;
2. Fluoropolymers;
3. Glass (including vitrified or enamelled coatings or glass lining);
4. Graphite or ‘carbon graphite’;
5. Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;
6. Tantalum or tantalum alloys;
7. Titanium or titanium alloys;
8. Zirconium or zirconium alloys; or
9. Niobium (columbium) or niobium alloys;
2B350 continued
i. Multiple‑seal and seal‑less pumps, with manufacturer’s specified maximum flow‑rate greater than 0.6 m3/hour, or vacuum pumps with manufacturer’s specified maximum flow‑rate greater than 5 m3/hour (under standard temperature (273 K (0oC)) and pressure (101.3 kPa) conditions); and casings (pump bodies), preformed casing liners, impellers, rotors or jet pump nozzles designed for such pumps, in which all surfaces that come in direct contact with the chemical(s) being processed are made from any of the following materials:
1. Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight;
2. Ceramics;
3. Ferrosilicon;
4. Fluoropolymers;
5. Glass (including vitrified or enamelled coatings or glass lining);
6. Graphite or ‘carbon graphite’;
7. Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight;
8. Tantalum or tantalum alloys;
9. Titanium or titanium alloys;
10. Zirconium or zirconium alloys; or
11. Niobium (columbium) or niobium alloys;
j. Incinerators designed to destroy chemicals specified in entry 1C350, having specially designed waste supply systems, special handling facilities and an average combustion chamber temperature greater than 1,273 K (1,000oC), in which all surfaces in the waste supply system that come into direct contact with the waste products are made from or lined with any of the following materials:
1. Alloys with more than 25% nickel and 20% chromium by weight;
2. Ceramics; or
3. Nickel or alloys with more than 40% nickel by weight.
Technical Note:
‘Carbon graphite’ is a composition consisting of amorphous carbon and graphite, in which the graphite content is eight percent or more by weight.
2B351 Toxic gas monitoring systems, as follows; and dedicated detectors therefor:
a. Designed for continuous operation and usable for the detection of chemical warfare agents or chemicals specified in 1C350, at concentrations of less than 0.3 mg/m3; or
b. Designed for the detection of cholinesterase‑inhibiting activity.
2B352 Equipment capable of use in handling biological materials, as follows:
a. Complete biological containment facilities at P3, P4 containment level;
Technical Note:
P3 or P4 (BL3, BL4, L3, L4) containment levels are as specified in the WHO Laboratory Biosafety manual (3rd edition Geneva 2004).
b. Fermenters capable of cultivation of pathogenic “microorganisms”, viruses or capable of toxin production, without the propagation of aerosols, and having a total capacity of 20 litres or more;
Technical Note:
Fermenters include bioreactors, chemostats and continuous‑flow systems.
c. Centrifugal separators, capable of continuous separation without the propagation of aerosols, having all the following characteristics:
1. Flow rate exceeding 100 litres per hour;
2. Components of polished stainless steel or titanium;
3. One or more sealing joints within the steam containment area; and
4. Capable of in‑situ steam sterilisation in a closed state;
Technical Note:
Centrifugal separators include decanters.
d. Cross (tangential) flow filtration equipment and components as follows:
1. Cross (tangential) flow filtration equipment capable of separation of pathogenic micro‑organisms, viruses, toxins or cell cultures, without the propagation of aerosols, having both of the following characteristics:
a. A total filtration area equal to or greater than1 m2; and
b. Capable of being sterilised or disinfected in‑situ;
Technical Note:
In 2B352.d.1.b. sterilised denotes the elimination of all viable microbes from the equipment through the use of either physical (e.g. steam) or chemical agents. Disinfected denotes the destruction of potential microbial infectivity in the equipment through the use of chemical agents with a germicidal effect. Disinfection and sterilisation are distinct from sanitisation, the latter referring to cleaning procedures designed to lower the microbial content of equipment without necessarily achieving elimination of all microbial infectivity or viability.
2. Cross (tangential) flow filtration components (e.g. modules, elements, cassettes, cartridges, units or plates) with filtration area equal to or greater than 0.2 m2 for each component and designed for use in cross (tangential) flow filtration equipment specified in 2B352.d.;
Note: 2B352.d. does not control reverse osmosis equipment, as specified by the manufacturer.
e. Steam sterilisable freeze drying equipment with a condenser capacity exceeding 10 kg of ice in 24 hours and less than 1,000 kg of ice in 24 hours;
2B352 continued
f. Protective and containment equipment, as follows:
1. Protective full or half suits, or hoods dependent upon a tethered external air supply and operating under positive pressure;
Note: 2B352.f.1. does not control suits designed to be worn with self‑contained breathing apparatus.
2. Class III biological safety cabinets or isolators with similar performance standards;
Note: In 2B352.f.2., isolators include flexible isolators, dry boxes, anaerobic chambers, glove boxes and laminar flow hoods (closed with vertical flow).
g. Chambers designed for aerosol challenge testing with “microorganisms”, viruses or “toxins” and having a capacity of 1 m3 or greater.
2C Materials
None.
2D Software
2D001 “Software”, other than that specified in 2D002, specially designed or modified for the “development”, “production” or “use” of equipment specified in 2A001 or 2B001 to 2B009.
2D002 “Software” for electronic devices, even when residing in an electronic device or
system, enabling such devices or systems to function as a “numerical control” unit, capable of co‑ordinating simultaneously more than four axes for “contouring control”.
Note 1: 2D002 does not control “software” specially designed or modified for the operation of machine tools not controlled by Category 2.
Note 2: 2D002 does not control “software” for items specified in 2B002. See 2D001 for “software” for items specified in 2B002.
2D101 “Software” specially designed or modified for the “use” of equipment specified in 2B104, 2B105, 2B109, 2B116, 2B117 or 2B119 to 2B122.
N.B.: SEE ALSO 9D004.
2D201 “Software” specially designed for the “use” of equipment specified in 2B204, 2B206, 2B207, 2B209, 2B219 or 2B227.
2D202 “Software” specially designed or modified for the “development”, “production” or “use” of equipment specified in 2B201.
2E Technology
2E001 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “development” of equipment or “software” specified in 2A, 2B or 2D.
2E002 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “production” of
equipment specified in 2A or 2B.
2E003 Other “technology”, as follows:
a. “Technology” for the “development” of interactive graphics as an integrated part in “numerical control” units for preparation or modification of part programs;
b. “Technology” for metal‑working manufacturing processes, as follows:
1. “Technology” for the design of tools, dies or fixtures specially designed for any of the following processes:
a. “Superplastic forming”;
b. “Diffusion bonding”; or
c. “Direct‑acting hydraulic pressing”;
2. Technical data consisting of process methods or parameters as listed below used to control:
a. “Superplastic forming” of aluminium alloys, titanium alloys or “superalloys”:
1. Surface preparation;
2. Strain rate;
3. Temperature;
4. Pressure;
b. “Diffusion bonding” of “superalloys” or titanium alloys:
1. Surface preparation;
2. Temperature;
3. Pressure;
c. “Direct‑acting hydraulic pressing” of aluminium alloys or titanium alloys:
1. Pressure;
2. Cycle time;
d. “Hot isostatic densification” of titanium alloys, aluminium alloys or “superalloys”:
1. Temperature;
2. Pressure;
3. Cycle time;
2E003 continued
c. “Technology” for the “development” or “production” of hydraulic stretch‑forming machines and dies therefor, for the manufacture of airframe structures;
d. “Technology” for the “development” of generators of machine tool instructions (e.g., part programs) from design data residing inside “numerical control” units;
e. “Technology” for the “development” of integration “software” for incorporation of expert systems for advanced decision support of shop floor operations into “numerical control” units;
f. “Technology” for the application of inorganic overlay coatings or inorganic surface modification coatings (specified in column 3 of the following table) to non‑electronic substrates (specified in column 2 of the following table), by processes specified in column 1 of the following table and defined in the Technical Note.
Note: The table and Technical Note appear after entry 2E301.
2E101 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “use” of equipment or “software” specified in 2B004, 2B009, 2B104, 2B109, 2B116, 2B119 to 2B122 or 2D101.
2E201 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “use” of equipment or “software” specified in 2A225, 2A226, 2B001, 2B006, 2B007.b., 2B007.c., 2B008, 2B009, 2B201, 2B204, 2B206, 2B207, 2B209, 2B225 to 2B232, 2D201 or 2D202.
2E301 “Technology” according to the General Technology Note for the “use” of goods
specified in 2B350 to 2B352.
TABLE – DEPOSITION TECHNIQUES
1. Coating Process (1) 2. Substrate 3. Resultant Coating
A. Chemical Vapour “Superalloys” Aluminides for internal
Deposition (CVD) passages
Ceramics (19) and Low‑ Silicides
expansion glasses (14) Carbides
Dielectric layers (15)
Diamond
Diamond‑like carbon (17)
Carbon‑carbon, Silicides
Ceramic and Carbides
Metal “matrix” Refractory metals
“composites” Mixtures thereof (4)
Dielectric layers (15)
Aluminides
Alloyed aluminides (2)
Boron nitride
Cemented tungsten Carbides
carbide (16), Tungsten
Silicon carbide (18) Mixtures thereof (4)
Dielectric layers (15)
Molybdenum and Dielectric layers (15)
Molybdenum alloys
Beryllium and Dielectric layers (15)
Beryllium alloys Diamond
Diamond‑like carbon (17)
Sensor window Dielectric layers (15)
materials (9) Diamond
Diamond‑like carbon (17)
___________________________________________________________________________
TABLE – DEPOSITION TECHNIQUES
1. Coating Process (1) 2. Substrate 3. Resultant Coating
B. Thermal‑Evaporation
Physical Vapour
Deposition (TE‑PVD)
B.1. Physical Vapour “Superalloys” Alloyed silicides
Deposition (PVD): Alloyed aluminides (2)
Electron‑Beam McrAlX (5)
(EB‑PVD) Modified zirconia (12)
Silicides
Aluminides
Mixtures thereof (4)
Ceramics (19) and Low‑ Dielectric layers (15)
expansion glasses (14)
Corrosion resistant McrAlX (5)
steel (7) Modified zirconia (12)
Mixtures thereof (4)
Carbon‑carbon, Silicides
Ceramic and Carbides
Metal “matrix” Refractory metals
“composites” Mixtures thereof (4)
Dielectric layers (15)
Boron nitride
Cemented tungsten Carbides
carbide (16), Tungsten
Silicon carbide (18) Mixtures thereof (4)
Dielectric layers (15)
Molybdenum and Dielectric layers (15)
Molybdenum alloys
Beryllium and Dielectric layers (15)
Beryllium alloys Borides
Beryllium
Sensor window Dielectric layers (15)
materials (9)
Titanium alloys (13) Borides
Nitrides
___________________________________________________________________________
TABLE – DEPOSITION TECHNIQUES
1. Coating Process (1) 2. Substrate 3. Resultant Coating
B.2. Ion assisted resistive Ceramics (19) and Low‑ Dielectric layers (15)
heating Physical Vapour expansion glasses (14) Diamond‑like carbon (17)
Deposition (PVD)
(Ion Plating)
Carbon‑carbon, Dielectric layers (15)
Ceramic and Metal
“matrix” “composites”
Cemented tungsten Dielectric layers (15)
carbide (16),
Silicon carbide
Molybdenum and
Molybdenum alloys Dielectric layers (15)
Beryllium and
Beryllium alloys Dielectric layers (15)
Sensor window Dielectric layers (15)
materials (9) Diamond‑like carbon (17)
___________________________________________________________________________
B.3. Physical Vapour Ceramics (19) and Low‑ Silicides
Deposition (PVD): expansion glasses (14) Dielectric layers (15)
“Laser” Vaporization Diamond‑like carbon (17)
Carbon‑carbon, Dielectric layers (15)
Ceramic and Metal
“matrix” “composites”
Cemented tungsten Dielectric layers (15)
carbide (16),
Silicon carbide
Molybdenum and Dielectric layers (15)
Molybdenum alloys
Beryllium and Dielectric layers (15)
Beryllium alloys
Sensor window Dielectric layers (15)
materials (9) Diamond‑like carbon
___________________________________________________________________________
TABLE – DEPOSITION TECHNIQUES
1. Coating Process (1) 2. Substrate 3. Resultant Coating
B.4. Physical Vapour “Superalloys” Alloyed silicides
Deposition (PVD):