Contents
Part I—Preliminary 1
1............................ Short title............................................................................ 1
2............................ Object of this Act................................................................ 1
2A......................... Application of Act to Commonwealth and Commonwealth authorities 1
2B.......................... Application of Act to States and Territories........................ 2
2BA....................... Application of Part IV to local government bodies............. 2
2C.......................... Activities that are not business............................................ 3
3............................ Repeal................................................................................. 4
4............................ Interpretation....................................................................... 5
4A......................... Subsidiary, holding and related bodies corporate.............. 18
4B.......................... Consumers........................................................................ 21
4C.......................... Acquisition, supply and re‑supply.................................... 24
4E.......................... Market.............................................................................. 24
4F.......................... References to purpose or reason....................................... 25
4G......................... Lessening of competition to include preventing or hindering competition 25
4H......................... Application of Act in relation to leases and licences of land and buildings 26
4J........................... Joint ventures.................................................................... 26
4K.......................... Loss or damage to include injury...................................... 27
4KA....................... Definitions etc. that do not apply in Part XI or Schedule 2 27
4L.......................... Severability....................................................................... 27
4M......................... Saving of law relating to restraint of trade and breaches of confidence 27
4N......................... Extended application of Part IIIA..................................... 28
5............................ Extended application of this Act to conduct outside Australia 28
6............................ Extended application of this Act to persons who are not corporations 29
6AA...................... Application of the Criminal Code..................................... 37
Part II—The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission 38
6A......................... Establishment of Commission.......................................... 38
7............................ Constitution of Commission............................................. 39
8............................ Terms and conditions of appointment............................... 39
8A......................... Associate members........................................................... 40
8AB....................... State/Territory AER members taken to be associate members 41
9............................ Remuneration.................................................................... 41
10.......................... Deputy Chairpersons........................................................ 42
11.......................... Acting Chairperson........................................................... 43
12.......................... Leave of absence............................................................... 43
13.......................... Termination of appointment of members of the Commission.. 44
14.......................... Termination of appointment of associate members of the Commission 44
15.......................... Resignation....................................................................... 45
16.......................... Arrangement of business.................................................. 45
17.......................... Disclosure of interests by Chairperson............................. 45
17A....................... Disclosure of certain interests by members of the Commission when taking part in determinations of matters.......................................................................................... 45
18.......................... Meetings of Commission.................................................. 46
19.......................... Chairperson may direct Commission to sit in Divisions... 47
25.......................... Delegation by Commission............................................... 48
26.......................... Delegation by Commission of certain functions and powers 49
27.......................... Staff of Commission......................................................... 50
27A....................... Consultants....................................................................... 51
28.......................... Functions of Commission in relation to dissemination of information, law reform and research 51
29.......................... Commission to comply with directions of Minister and requirements of the Parliament 52
Part IIA—The National Competition Council 54
29A....................... Establishment of Council.................................................. 54
29B........................ Functions and powers of Council..................................... 54
29BA..................... Commonwealth consent to conferral of functions etc. on Council 55
29BB..................... How duty is imposed........................................................ 56
29BC..................... When a State/Territory energy law imposes a duty........... 57
29C........................ Membership of Council.................................................... 57
29D....................... Terms and conditions of office......................................... 57
29E........................ Acting Council President.................................................. 58
29F........................ Remuneration of Councillors............................................ 58
29G....................... Leave of absence............................................................... 58
29H....................... Termination of appointment of Councillors...................... 59
29I......................... Resignation of Councillors............................................... 59
29J......................... Arrangement of Council business..................................... 59
29L........................ Council meetings.............................................................. 60
29LA..................... Resolutions without meetings........................................... 60
29M....................... Staff to help Council......................................................... 61
29N....................... Consultants....................................................................... 61
29O....................... Annual report.................................................................... 61
Part III—The Australian Competition Tribunal 63
30.......................... Constitution of Tribunal.................................................... 63
31.......................... Qualifications of members of Tribunal............................. 63
31A....................... Appointment of Judge as presidential member of Tribunal not to affect tenure etc. 63
32.......................... Terms and conditions of appointment............................... 64
33.......................... Remuneration and allowances of members of Tribunal.... 64
34.......................... Acting appointments......................................................... 64
35.......................... Suspension and removal of members of Tribunal............. 66
36.......................... Resignation....................................................................... 66
37.......................... Constitution of Tribunal for particular matters.................. 67
38.......................... Validity of determinations................................................. 67
39.......................... President may give directions........................................... 67
40.......................... Disclosure of interests by members of Tribunal............... 67
41.......................... Presidential member to preside......................................... 68
42.......................... Decision of questions....................................................... 68
43.......................... Member of Tribunal ceasing to be available...................... 68
43A....................... Counsel assisting Tribunal................................................ 69
43B........................ Consultants....................................................................... 69
44.......................... Staff of Tribunal............................................................... 70
44A....................... Acting appointments......................................................... 70
Part IIIAA—The Australian Energy Regulator (AER) 71
Division 1—Preliminary 71
44AB..................... Definitions........................................................................ 71
44AC..................... This Part binds the Crown................................................ 71
44AD.................... Extra‑territorial operation.................................................. 71
Division 2—Establishment of the AER 73
44AE..................... Establishment of the AER................................................. 73
44AF..................... AER to hold money and property on behalf of the Commonwealth 73
44AG.................... Constitution of the AER................................................... 73
Division 3—Functions and powers of the AER 74
44AH.................... Commonwealth functions................................................. 74
44AI...................... Commonwealth consent to conferral of functions etc. on AER 74
44AIA................... No merits review of AER decisions................................. 75
44AJ...................... How duty is imposed........................................................ 75
44AK..................... When a State/Territory energy law etc. imposes a duty..... 76
44AL..................... Powers of the AER........................................................... 77
Division 4—Administrative provisions relating to the AER 78
Subdivision A—Appointment etc. of members 78
44AM.................... Appointment of Commonwealth AER member................ 78
44AN.................... Membership of AER and Commission............................. 78
44AO.................... Acting appointment of Commonwealth AER member...... 79
44AP..................... Appointment of State/Territory AER members................. 79
44AQ.................... Acting appointment of State/Territory AER member........ 80
44AR..................... AER Chair........................................................................ 80
44AS..................... Acting AER Chair............................................................ 81
44AT..................... Remuneration of AER members....................................... 81
44AU.................... Additional remuneration of AER Chair............................ 82
44AV.................... Leave of absence............................................................... 82
44AW.................... Other terms and conditions............................................... 82
44AX.................... Outside employment......................................................... 82
44AY.................... Disclosure of interests...................................................... 83
44AZ..................... Resignation....................................................................... 83
44AAB.................. Termination of appointment.............................................. 83
Subdivision B—Staff etc. to assist the AER 84
44AAC.................. Staff etc. to assist the AER............................................... 84
Subdivision C—Meetings of the AER etc. 85
44AAD................. Meetings........................................................................... 85
44AAE.................. Resolutions without meetings........................................... 85
44AAEA............... Arbitration........................................................................ 86
Subdivision D—Miscellaneous 86
44AAF.................. Confidentiality.................................................................. 86
44AAG................. Federal Court may make certain orders............................. 88
44AAGA.............. Federal Court may order disconnection if an event specified in the National Electricity Rules occurs 90
44AAH................. Delegation by the AER..................................................... 91
44AAI................... Fees.................................................................................. 91
44AAK.................. Regulations may deal with transitional matters................. 91
Part IIIAB—Application of the finance law 93
44AAL.................. Application of the finance law.......................................... 93
Part IIIA—Access to services 94
Division 1—Preliminary 94
44AA.................... Objects of Part.................................................................. 94
44B........................ Definitions........................................................................ 94
44C........................ How this Part applies to partnerships and joint ventures.. 98
44CA..................... Meaning of declaration criteria........................................ 99
44D....................... Meaning of designated Minister..................................... 100
44DA.................... The principles in the Competition Principles Agreement have status as guidelines 101
44E........................ This Part binds the Crown.............................................. 102
Division 2—Declared services 103
Subdivision A—Recommendation by the Council 103
44F........................ Person may request recommendation.............................. 103
44FA..................... Council may request information.................................... 105
44G....................... Criteria for the Council recommending declaration of a service 106
44GA.................... Time limit for Council recommendations........................ 106
44GB..................... Council may invite public submissions on the application 108
44GC..................... Council must publish its recommendation...................... 110
Subdivision B—Declaration by the designated Minister 111
44H....................... Designated Minister may declare a service..................... 111
44HA.................... Designated Minister must publish his or her decision.... 111
44I......................... Duration and effect of declaration................................... 112
44J......................... Revocation of declaration................................................ 113
44K........................ Review of declaration..................................................... 114
44KA..................... Tribunal may stay operation of declaration..................... 115
44KB..................... Tribunal may order costs be awarded............................. 117
44L........................ Review of decision not to revoke a declaration............... 118
Division 2AA—Services that are ineligible to be declared 120
Subdivision A—Scope of Division 120
44LA..................... Constitutional limits on operation of this Division.......... 120
Subdivision B—Ineligibility recommendation by Council 120
44LB..................... Ineligibility recommendation........................................... 120
44LC..................... Council may request information.................................... 122
44LD..................... Time limit for Council recommendations........................ 123
44LE...................... Council may invite public submissions on the application 125
44LF...................... Council must publish its recommendation...................... 126
Subdivision C—Designated Minister’s decision on ineligibility 127
44LG..................... Designated Minister’s decision on ineligibility............... 127
44LH..................... Designated Minister must publish his or her decision.... 129
Subdivision D—Revocation of ineligibility decision 129
44LI....................... Revocation of ineligibility decision................................. 129
Subdivision E—Review of decisions 131
44LJ...................... Review of ineligibility decisions..................................... 131
44LK..................... Review of decision to revoke or not revoke an ineligibility decision 133
Subdivision F—Other matters 135
44LL...................... Ineligibility decisions subject to alteration, cancellation etc. 135
Division 2A—Effective access regimes 136
Subdivision A—Recommendation by Council 136
44M....................... Recommendation for a Ministerial decision on effectiveness of access regime 136
44MA.................... Council may request information.................................... 137
Subdivision B—Decision by Commonwealth Minister 137
44N....................... Ministerial decision on effectiveness of access regime... 137
Subdivision C—Extensions of Commonwealth Minister’s decision 139
44NA.................... Recommendation by Council.......................................... 139
44NAA................. Council may request information.................................... 140
44NB..................... Decision by the Commonwealth Minister....................... 140
Subdivision CA—Revocation of Commonwealth Minister’s decision 141
44NBA.................. Recommendation by Council.......................................... 141
44NBB.................. Council may request information.................................... 143
44NBC.................. Decision by the Commonwealth Minister....................... 144
Subdivision D—Procedural provisions 144
44NC..................... Time limit for Council recommendations........................ 144
44NE..................... Council may invite public submissions........................... 147
44NF..................... Publication—Council...................................................... 149
44NG.................... Publication—Commonwealth Minister........................... 150
Subdivision E—Review of decisions 151
44O....................... Review of Ministerial decision on effectiveness of access regime 151
Subdivision F—State or Territory ceasing to be a party to Competition Principles Agreement 152
44P........................ State or Territory ceasing to be a party to Competition Principles Agreement 152
Division 2B—Competitive tender processes for government owned facilities 154
44PA..................... Approval of competitive tender process.......................... 154
44PAA.................. Commission may request information............................ 155
44PB..................... Report on conduct of tender process............................... 156
44PC..................... Revocation of approval decision..................................... 156
44PD..................... Time limit for Commission decisions............................. 158
44PE...................... Commission may invite public submissions................... 160
44PF...................... Commission must publish its decisions.......................... 161
44PG..................... Review of Commission’s initial decision........................ 162
44PH..................... Review of decision to revoke an approval...................... 164
Division 2C—Register of decisions and declarations 166
44Q....................... Register of decisions, declarations and ineligibility decisions 166
Division 3—Access to declared services 167
Subdivision A—Scope of Division 167
44R........................ Constitutional limits on operation of this Division.......... 167
Subdivision B—Notification of access disputes 167
44S........................ Notification of access disputes........................................ 167
44T........................ Withdrawal of notifications............................................. 168
Subdivision C—Arbitration of access disputes 168
44U....................... Parties to the arbitration.................................................. 168
44V....................... Determination by Commission....................................... 168
44W....................... Restrictions on access determinations............................. 170
44X....................... Matters that the Commission must take into account...... 172
44XA.................... Time limit for Commission’s final determination............ 173
44Y....................... Commission may terminate arbitration in certain cases... 174
44YA.................... Commission must terminate arbitration if declaration varied or set aside by Tribunal 175
Subdivision D—Procedure in arbitrations 175
44Z........................ Constitution of Commission for conduct of arbitration... 175
44ZA..................... Member of the Commission presiding at an arbitration.. 175
44ZB..................... Reconstitution of Commission........................................ 176
44ZC..................... Determination of questions............................................. 176
44ZD..................... Hearing to be in private................................................... 176
44ZE...................... Right to representation.................................................... 177
44ZF...................... Procedure of Commission.............................................. 177
44ZG..................... Particular powers of Commission................................... 178
44ZH..................... Power to take evidence on oath or affirmation................ 179
44ZI....................... Failing to attend as a witness.......................................... 179
44ZJ...................... Failing to answer questions etc....................................... 179
44ZK..................... Intimidation etc............................................................... 180
44ZL...................... Party may request Commission to treat material as confidential 180
44ZM.................... Sections 18 and 19 do not apply to the Commission in an arbitration 181
44ZN..................... Parties to pay costs of an arbitration............................... 181
44ZNA.................. Joint arbitration hearings................................................. 181
Subdivision DA—Arbitration reports 183
44ZNB.................. Arbitration reports.......................................................... 183
Subdivision E—Effect of determinations 185
44ZO..................... Operation of final determinations.................................... 185
44ZOA.................. Effect and duration of interim determinations................. 186
Subdivision F—Review of final determinations 187
44ZP...................... Review by Tribunal........................................................ 187
44ZQ..................... Provisions that do not apply in relation to a Tribunal review 188
44ZR..................... Appeals to Federal Court from determinations of the Tribunal 188
44ZS...................... Operation and implementation of a determination that is subject to appeal 189
44ZT...................... Transmission of documents............................................ 190
Subdivision G—Variation and revocation of determinations 190
44ZU..................... Variation of final determinations..................................... 190
44ZUA.................. Variation and revocation of interim determinations......... 190
Division 4—Registered contracts for access to declared services 191
44ZV..................... Constitutional limits on operation of this Division.......... 191
44ZW.................... Registration of contract................................................... 191
44ZX..................... Review of decision not to register contract..................... 192
44ZY..................... Effect of registration of contract...................................... 193
Division 5—Hindering access to declared services 194
44ZZ...................... Prohibition on hindering access to declared services...... 194
Division 6—Access undertakings and access codes for services 195
Subdivision A—Giving of access undertakings and access codes 195
44ZZA................... Access undertakings by providers.................................. 195
44ZZAAA............. Proposed amendments to access undertakings................ 197
44ZZAAB............. Access undertakings containing fixed principles............ 199
44ZZAA................ Access codes prepared by industry bodies..................... 201
44ZZAB................ Commission may rely on industry body consultations... 203
Subdivision B—Effect of access undertakings and access codes 204
44ZZBA................ When access undertakings and access codes come into operation 204
Subdivision C—Extensions of access undertakings and access codes 205
44ZZBB................ Extensions of access undertakings and access codes...... 205
Subdivision D—Procedural provisions 207
44ZZBC................ Time limit for Commission decisions............................. 207
44ZZBCA............. Commission may request information............................ 209
44ZZBD................ Commission may invite public submissions................... 210
44ZZBE................. Commission must publish its decisions.......................... 211
Subdivision E—Review of decisions 212
44ZZBF................. Review of decisions........................................................ 212
Subdivision F—Register of access undertakings and access codes 214
44ZZC................... Register of access undertakings and access codes.......... 214
Division 6A—Pricing principles for access disputes and access undertakings or codes 215
44ZZCA................ Pricing principles for access disputes and access undertakings or codes 215
Division 6B—Overlap among determinations, registered contracts, access undertakings and Tribunal review 216
44ZZCB................ Deferring access disputes or access undertakings........... 216
44ZZCBA............. Deferral of arbitration if review is underway.................. 218
44ZZCC................ Overlap between determinations and access undertakings 219
44ZZCD................ Overlap between registered contracts and access undertakings 219
Division 7—Enforcement and remedies 221
44ZZD................... Enforcement of determinations....................................... 221
44ZZE................... Enforcement of prohibition on hindering access............. 222
44ZZF................... Consent injunctions........................................................ 223
44ZZG................... Interim injunctions.......................................................... 223
44ZZH................... Factors relevant to granting a restraining injunction........ 223
44ZZI.................... Factors relevant to granting a mandatory injunction........ 223
44ZZJ.................... Enforcement of access undertakings............................... 224
44ZZK................... Discharge or variation of injunction or other order......... 224
Division 8—Miscellaneous 225
44ZZL................... Register of determinations.............................................. 225
44ZZM.................. Commonwealth consent to conferral of functions etc. on the Commission or Tribunal by State or Territory laws................................................................................ 225
44ZZMAA............ No merits review by Tribunal of decisions under energy laws 226
44ZZMA............... How duty is imposed...................................................... 226
44ZZMB............... When a law of a State or Territory imposes a duty......... 227
44ZZN................... Compensation for acquisition of property....................... 228
44ZZNA................ Operation of Parts IV and VII not affected by this Part.. 228
44ZZO................... Conduct by directors, servants or agents........................ 228
44ZZOAAA.......... Information to be given to Tribunal................................ 230
44ZZOAA............. Tribunal only to consider particular material................... 232
44ZZOA................ Time limit for Tribunal decisions.................................... 233
44ZZP................... Regulations about review by the Tribunal....................... 236
44ZZQ................... Regulations about fees for inspection etc. of registers.... 236
44ZZR................... Procedure of the Tribunal when performing functions under a State/Territory energy law or a designated Commonwealth energy law............................................ 236
Part IV—Restrictive trade practices 238
Division 1—Cartel conduct 238
Subdivision A—Introduction 238
45AA.................... Simplified outline............................................................ 238
45AB..................... Definitions...................................................................... 238
45AC..................... Extended meaning of party............................................. 240
45AD.................... Cartel provisions............................................................. 240
45AE..................... Meaning of expressions in other provisions of this Act. 246
Subdivision B—Offences etc. 247
45AF..................... Making a contract etc. containing a cartel provision........ 247
45AG.................... Giving effect to a cartel provision................................... 248
45AH.................... Determining guilt............................................................ 249
45AI...................... Court may make related civil orders................................ 249
Subdivision C—Civil penalty provisions 249
45AJ...................... Making a contract etc. containing a cartel provision........ 249
45AK..................... Giving effect to a cartel provision................................... 250
Subdivision D—Exceptions 250
45AL..................... Conduct notified............................................................. 250
45AM.................... Cartel provision subject to grant of authorisation............ 251
45AN.................... Contracts, arrangements or understandings between related bodies corporate 251
45AO.................... Joint ventures—prosecution........................................... 252
45AP..................... Joint ventures—civil penalty proceedings....................... 253
45AQ.................... Resale price maintenance................................................ 254
45AR..................... Exclusive dealing............................................................ 254
45AS..................... Dual listed company arrangement................................... 255
45AT..................... Acquisition of shares or assets....................................... 256
45AU.................... Collective acquisition of goods or services by the parties to a contract, arrangement or understanding 256
Division 2—Other provisions 258
45.......................... Contracts, arrangements or understandings that restrict dealings or affect competition 258
45D....................... Secondary boycotts for the purpose of causing substantial loss or damage 262
45DA.................... Secondary boycotts for the purpose of causing substantial lessening of competition 263
45DB..................... Boycotts affecting trade or commerce............................. 263
45DC..................... Involvement and liability of employee organisations...... 264
45DD.................... Situations in which boycotts permitted........................... 266
45E........................ Prohibition of contracts, arrangements or understandings affecting the supply or acquisition of goods or services........................................................................... 270
45EA..................... Provisions contravening section 45E not to be given effect 273
45EB..................... Sections 45D to 45EA do not affect operation of other provisions of Part 274
46.......................... Misuse of market power................................................. 274
46A....................... Misuse of market power—corporation with substantial degree of power in trans‑Tasman market 276
46B........................ No immunity from jurisdiction in relation to certain New Zealand laws 278
47.......................... Exclusive dealing............................................................ 279
48.......................... Resale price maintenance................................................ 285
49.......................... Dual listed company arrangements that affect competition 286
50.......................... Prohibition of acquisitions that would result in a substantial lessening of competition 287
50A....................... Acquisitions that occur outside Australia........................ 289
51.......................... Exceptions...................................................................... 292
51AAA................. Concurrent operation of State and Territory laws........... 296
Part IVB—Industry codes 297
Division 1—Preliminary 297
51ACA.................. Definitions...................................................................... 297
Division 2—Contravention of industry codes 299
51ACB.................. Contravention of industry codes..................................... 299
Division 2A—Infringement notices 300
51ACC.................. Purpose and effect of this Division................................. 300
51ACD.................. Issuing an infringement notice........................................ 300
51ACE.................. Matters to be included in an infringement notice............. 301
51ACF.................. Amount of penalty.......................................................... 301
51ACG.................. Effect of compliance with an infringement notice........... 302
51ACH.................. Effect of failure to comply with an infringement notice.. 302
51ACI................... Infringement notice compliance period for infringement notice 303
51ACJ................... Withdrawal of an infringement notice............................. 303
Division 3—Public warning notices 306
51ADA................. Commission may issue a public warning notice............. 306
Division 4—Orders to redress loss or damage suffered by non‑parties etc. 307
51ADB.................. Orders to redress loss or damage suffered by non‑parties etc. 307
51ADC.................. Kinds of orders that may be made to redress loss or damage suffered by non‑parties etc. 309
Division 5—Investigation power 311
51ADD................. Commission may require corporation to provide information 311
51ADE.................. Extending periods for complying with notices................ 311
51ADF.................. Compliance with notices................................................. 312
51ADG................. False or misleading information etc................................ 312
Division 6—Miscellaneous 313
51AE..................... Regulations relating to industry codes............................ 313
51AEA.................. Concurrent operation of State and Territory laws........... 313
Part IVC—Payment surcharges 314
Division 1—Preliminary 314
55.......................... Object of this Part........................................................... 314
55A....................... Definitions...................................................................... 314
Division 2—Limit on payment surcharges 316
55B........................ Payment surcharges must not be excessive..................... 316
Division 3—Information about payment surcharges 317
55C........................ Surcharge information notices........................................ 317
55D....................... Extending periods for complying with notices................ 317
55E........................ Participant must comply with notice............................... 318
Division 4—Infringement notices 319
55F........................ Purpose and effect of this Division................................. 319
55G....................... Issuing an infringement notice........................................ 319
55H....................... Matters to be included in an infringement notice............. 320
55J......................... Amount of penalty.......................................................... 320
55K........................ Effect of compliance with an infringement notice........... 320
55L........................ Effect of failure to comply with an infringement notice.. 321
55M....................... Infringement notice compliance period for infringement notice 321
55N....................... Withdrawal of an infringement notice............................. 322
Part IVD—Consumer data right 324
Division 1—Preliminary 324
Subdivision A—Object and simplified outline 324
56AA.................... Object of this Part........................................................... 324
56AB..................... Simplified outline............................................................ 324
Subdivision B—Designating sectors subject to the consumer data right 325
56AC..................... Designated sectors subject to the consumer data right.... 325
56AD.................... Minister’s tasks before designating a sector etc.............. 327
56AE..................... Commission must analyse, consult and report about an instrument proposing to designate a sector 329
56AF..................... Information Commissioner must analyse and report about an instrument proposing to designate a sector........................................................................................ 329
56AG.................... Commission may recommend that a sector be designated etc. 330
56AH.................... Other matters.................................................................. 331
Subdivision C—Meanings of key terms 331
56AI...................... Meanings of CDR data, directly or indirectly derived and CDR consumer 331
56AJ...................... Meaning of data holder.................................................. 332
56AK..................... Meaning of accredited data recipient............................. 334
56AL..................... Meanings of CDR participant and designated gateway.. 334
56AM.................... Meanings of chargeable CDR data, chargeable circumstances and fee‑free CDR data 335
Subdivision D—Extension to external Territories and extraterritorial operation 336
56AN.................... Extension to external Territories..................................... 336
56AO.................... Extraterritorial operation of the CDR provisions............ 336
56AP..................... Geographical application of offences.............................. 338
Subdivision E—Application to government entities 338
56AQ.................... CDR provisions bind the Crown.................................... 338
56AR..................... Government entities may participate under this Part....... 338
56AS..................... Participating government entities of a State or Territory—declaration 340
56AT..................... Participating government entities of a State or Territory—revocation 340
Division 2—Consumer data right 342
Subdivision A—Power to make consumer data rules 342
56BA..................... Commission may make consumer data rules.................. 342
56BB..................... Matters that the consumer data rules may deal with........ 342
56BC..................... Rules about disclosure, collection, use, accuracy, storage, security or deletion of CDR data for which there are CDR consumers............................................................. 343
56BD..................... Limitations for rules about CDR data for which there are CDR consumers 345
56BE..................... Rules about disclosure, collection, use, accuracy, storage, security or deletion of product data 346
56BF..................... Limitations for rules about product data.......................... 347
56BG..................... Rules about designated gateways.................................... 348
56BH..................... Rules about accreditation of data recipients..................... 350
56BI...................... Rules about reporting, record keeping and auditing........ 351
56BJ...................... Rules about incidental or related matters......................... 353
56BK..................... Further limitations on the consumer data rules................ 354
Subdivision B—Compliance with consumer data rules 355
56BL..................... Obligation to comply with consumer data rules.............. 355
56BM.................... Infringement notices....................................................... 355
56BN..................... Misleading or deceptive conduct—offence..................... 356
56BO..................... Misleading or deceptive conduct—civil penalty.............. 357
Subdivision C—Process for making consumer data rules etc. 358
56BP..................... Matters to which Commission must have regard when making the rules 358
56BQ..................... Commission to consult before making the rules............. 358
56BR..................... Ministerial consent to rules required............................... 359
56BS..................... Emergency rules: usual consultation and consent not required 359
56BT..................... Emergency rules: consequences if made......................... 360
Subdivision D—Fees for disclosing CDR data 361
56BU..................... Charging a fee in inappropriate circumstances when required to disclose CDR data 361
56BV..................... Commission may intervene if fee for disclosing or using chargeable CDR data is unreasonable etc. 362
56BW.................... Review by the Tribunal of determinations specifying particular CDR participants 363
56BX..................... Functions and powers of Tribunal.................................. 364
56BY..................... Provisions that do not apply in relation to a Tribunal review 364
Division 3—Accreditation etc. 365
Subdivision A—Accreditation process 365
56CA..................... Granting accreditations................................................... 365
56CB..................... Review of decisions refusing to accredit......................... 365
56CC..................... Prohibition on holding out—offence.............................. 365
56CD..................... Prohibition on holding out—civil penalty....................... 366
Subdivision B—Register of Accredited Persons 367
56CE..................... Register of Accredited Persons....................................... 367
56CF..................... Evidentiary value of the register...................................... 367
Subdivision C—Data Recipient Accreditor 367
56CG..................... Appointment of the Data Recipient Accreditor............... 367
56CH..................... Functions, powers and annual report.............................. 368
56CI...................... Directions by Minister.................................................... 369
56CJ...................... Delegation....................................................................... 369
Subdivision D—Accreditation Registrar 370
56CK..................... Appointment of the Accreditation Registrar.................... 370
56CL..................... Functions, powers and annual report.............................. 370
56CM.................... Directions by Minister.................................................... 371
56CN..................... Delegation....................................................................... 372
Division 4—External dispute resolution 373
56DA.................... Commission may recognise external dispute resolution schemes 373
Division 5—Privacy safeguards 375
Subdivision A—Preliminary 375
56EA..................... Simplified outline............................................................ 375
56EB..................... Kinds of CDR data to which the privacy safeguards apply 375
56EC..................... Relationship with other laws........................................... 376
Subdivision B—Consideration of CDR data privacy 377
56ED..................... Privacy safeguard 1—open and transparent management of CDR data 377
56EE...................... Privacy safeguard 2—anonymity and pseudonymity...... 380
Subdivision C—Collecting CDR data 380
56EF...................... Privacy safeguard 3—soliciting CDR data from CDR participants 380
56EG..................... Privacy safeguard 4—dealing with unsolicited CDR data from CDR participants 381
56EH..................... Privacy safeguard 5—notifying of the collection of CDR data 381
Subdivision D—Dealing with CDR data 382
56EI....................... Privacy safeguard 6—use or disclosure of CDR data by accredited data recipients or designated gateways........................................................................................ 382
56EJ...................... Privacy safeguard 7—use or disclosure of CDR data for direct marketing by accredited data recipients or designated gateways....................................................... 383
56EK..................... Privacy safeguard 8—overseas disclosure of CDR data by accredited data recipients 384
56EL...................... Privacy safeguard 9—adoption or disclosure of government related identifiers by accredited data recipients........................................................................................ 385
56EM.................... Privacy safeguard 10—notifying of the disclosure of CDR data 386
Subdivision E—Integrity of CDR data 387
56EN..................... Privacy safeguard 11—quality of CDR data................... 387
56EO..................... Privacy safeguard 12—security of CDR data, and destruction or de‑identification of redundant CDR data........................................................................................ 389
Subdivision F—Correction of CDR data 390
56EP...................... Privacy safeguard 13—correction of CDR data.............. 390
Subdivision G—Compliance with the privacy safeguards 391
56EQ..................... Information Commissioner to promote compliance etc... 391
56ER..................... Information Commissioner may conduct an assessment relating to the management and handling of CDR data........................................................................................ 392
56ES...................... Notification of CDR data security breaches.................... 393
56ET...................... Investigating breaches of the privacy safeguards etc....... 394
56EU..................... Civil penalty provisions.................................................. 397
56EV..................... Civil penalty provisions—maximum amount of penalty. 399
56EW.................... Enforceable undertakings................................................ 400
56EX..................... Injunctions...................................................................... 401
56EY..................... Actions for damages....................................................... 401
56EZ...................... Delegation to the Commission etc................................... 403
Division 6—Data standards etc. 405
Subdivision A—Data standards 405
56FA..................... Making data standards.................................................... 405
56FB..................... What data standards can set out etc................................. 406
56FC..................... Data standards must be published................................... 406
56FD..................... Legal effect of data standards.......................................... 406
56FE...................... Enforcement of binding data standards........................... 407
Subdivision B—Data Standards Chair 408
56FF...................... Data Standards Chair...................................................... 408
56FG..................... Appointment of the Data Standards Chair...................... 408
56FH..................... Functions and powers of the Data Standards Chair........ 408
56FI....................... Directions by Minister.................................................... 409
Subdivision C—Data Standards Body 409
56FJ...................... Appointment of the Data Standards Body...................... 409
56FK..................... Function and powers of the Data Standards Body.......... 410
Subdivision D—Administrative provisions 410
56FL...................... Acting appointments....................................................... 410
56FM.................... Terms and conditions...................................................... 411
56FN..................... Remuneration.................................................................. 411
56FO.......